Cellular structures on Hecke algebras of type B

The aim of this paper is to gather and (try to) unify several approaches for the modular representation theory of Hecke algebras of type $B$. We attempt to explain the connections between Geck's cellular structures (coming from Kazhdan-Lusztig theory with unequal parameters) and Ariki's Theorem on the canonical basis of the Fock spaces

Sub-national income differentials, 1986-1996

This paper deals with regional personal and family incomes, and particularly interregional income inequality. It is primarily a descriptive work. The explanatory framework of why incomes of regions are unequal and changing in the ways observed is not the focus. Regional economic development will be briefly referred to as an explanatory setting, but a discussion of the connections between income patterns and trends, and economic development, is a topic which requires research and data somewhat beyond the scope of this initial, exploratory paper

Barriers to entry: social exclusion is rife in elite professions in the UK

Research by Louise Ashley, Hilary Sommerlad and Jo Duberley highlights the structural nature of social exclusion and its connections to unequal access to educational opportunities

Probing the basins of attraction of a recurrent neural network

A recurrent neural network is considered that can retrieve a collection of patterns, as well as slightly perturbed versions of this `pure' set of patterns via fixed points of its dynamics. By replacing the set of dynamical constraints, i.e., the fixed point equations, by an extended collection of fixed-point-like equations, analytical expressions are found for the weights w_ij(b) of the net, which depend on a certain parameter b. This so-called basin parameter b is such that for b=0 there are, a priori, no perturbed patterns to be recognized by the net. It is shown by a numerical study, via probing sets, that a net constructed to recognize perturbed patterns, i.e., with values of the connections w_ij(b) with b unequal zero, possesses larger basins of attraction than a net made with the help of a pure set of patterns, i.e., with connections w_ij(b=0). The mathematical results obtained can, in principle, be realized by an actual, biological neural net.Comment: 17 pages, LaTeX, 2 figure

Unintended Consequences of Transnational Activism: Case Studies from the Brazilian Amazon

Transnational advocacy networks play a major role in internationalizing local grassroots movements through connections with international activists, foreign governments, and other powerful actors. However, in some cases, unequal power dynamics between members of networks produces less than optimal outcomes for local groups. This study compares two cases of grassroots movements in the Brazilian Amazon that became part of larger transnational advocacy networks to examine why some groups benefit from participation while others do not. The results suggest that groups with greater resources and stronger organizational capacities prior to contact with outside activists tend to benefit while those with few resources and weak organizational capacities do not experience the same benefits. These findings have important ramifications for the notion of mutually empowering relationships among network members and the effectiveness of transnational movements at serving local interests

Decline in Social Mobility: Unfulfilled Aspirations among Egypt's Educated Youth

This paper studies how the gradual suspension of an employment guarantee scheme for secondary and post-secondary graduates has affected intergenerational mobility across well-educated cohorts in Egypt. The empirical results support suggestive evidence in the Middle East of a decline in social mobility among the increasingly well-educated youth. The results further indicate that unequal opportunities are due to difficulties in attaining high-level occupations in the formal private sector for graduates from a lower socio-economic background, and that personal connections may play a decisive role. Thus, aside from credit market imperfections, labor market constraints may be important in explaining low social mobility.intergenerational mobility, Islamic revival, schooling, labor market

Minimizing regret when dissolving a partnership

We study the problem of dissolving an equal-entitlement partnership when the objective is to minimize maximum regret. We initially focus on the family of linear-pricing mechanisms and derive regret-optimizing strategies. We also demonstrate that there exist linear-pricing mechanisms satisfying ex-post efficiency. Next, we analyze a binary-search mechanism which is ex-post individually rational. We discuss connections with the standard Bayesian-Nash framework for both linear and binary-search mechanisms. On a more general level, we show that if entitlements are unequal, ex-post efficiency and ex-post individual rationality impose significant restrictions on permissible mechanisms. In particular, they rule out both linear and binary-search mechanisms.Partnership dissolution; minimax regret; fair division; allocative efficiency

Under-the-cell routing to improve manufacturability

The progressive miniaturization of technology and the unequal scalability of the BEOL and FEOL layers aggravate the routing congestion problem and have a negative impact on manufacturability. Standard cells are designed in a way that they can be treated as black boxes during physical design. However, this abstraction often prevents an efficient use of its internal free resources. This paper proposes an effective approach for using internal routing resources without sacrificing modularity. By using cell generation tools for regular layouts, libraries are enriched with cell instances that have lateral pins and allow under-the-cell connections between adjacent cells, thus reducing pin count, via count and routing congestion. An approach to generate cells with regular layouts and lateral pins is proposed. Additionally, algorithms to maximize the impact of under-the-cell routing are presented. The proposed techniques are integrated in an industrial design flow. Experimental results show a significant reduction of design rule check violations with negligible impact on timing.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft