50,978 research outputs found
Hausdorff clustering of financial time series
A clustering procedure, based on the Hausdorff distance, is introduced and
tested on the financial time series of the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA)
index.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure
Autism research : An objective quantitative review of progress and focus between 1994 and 2015
The nosology and epidemiology of Autism has undergone transformation following consolidation of once disparate disorders under the umbrella diagnostic, autism spectrum disorders. Despite this re-conceptualization, research initiatives, including the NIMH's Research Domain Criteria and Precision Medicine, highlight the need to bridge psychiatric and psychological classification methodologies with biomedical techniques. Combining traditional bibliometric co-word techniques, with tenets of graph theory and network analysis, this article provides an objective thematic review of research between 1994 and 2015 to consider evolution and focus. Results illustrate growth in Autism research since 2006, with nascent focus on physiology. However, modularity and citation analytics demonstrate dominance of subjective psychological or psychiatric constructs, which may impede progress in the identification and stratification of biomarkers as endorsed by new research initiatives.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio
Adaptive Evolutionary Clustering
In many practical applications of clustering, the objects to be clustered
evolve over time, and a clustering result is desired at each time step. In such
applications, evolutionary clustering typically outperforms traditional static
clustering by producing clustering results that reflect long-term trends while
being robust to short-term variations. Several evolutionary clustering
algorithms have recently been proposed, often by adding a temporal smoothness
penalty to the cost function of a static clustering method. In this paper, we
introduce a different approach to evolutionary clustering by accurately
tracking the time-varying proximities between objects followed by static
clustering. We present an evolutionary clustering framework that adaptively
estimates the optimal smoothing parameter using shrinkage estimation, a
statistical approach that improves a naive estimate using additional
information. The proposed framework can be used to extend a variety of static
clustering algorithms, including hierarchical, k-means, and spectral
clustering, into evolutionary clustering algorithms. Experiments on synthetic
and real data sets indicate that the proposed framework outperforms static
clustering and existing evolutionary clustering algorithms in many scenarios.Comment: To appear in Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, MATLAB toolbox
available at http://tbayes.eecs.umich.edu/xukevin/affec
Self-Organizing Time Map: An Abstraction of Temporal Multivariate Patterns
This paper adopts and adapts Kohonen's standard Self-Organizing Map (SOM) for
exploratory temporal structure analysis. The Self-Organizing Time Map (SOTM)
implements SOM-type learning to one-dimensional arrays for individual time
units, preserves the orientation with short-term memory and arranges the arrays
in an ascending order of time. The two-dimensional representation of the SOTM
attempts thus twofold topology preservation, where the horizontal direction
preserves time topology and the vertical direction data topology. This enables
discovering the occurrence and exploring the properties of temporal structural
changes in data. For representing qualities and properties of SOTMs, we adapt
measures and visualizations from the standard SOM paradigm, as well as
introduce a measure of temporal structural changes. The functioning of the
SOTM, and its visualizations and quality and property measures, are illustrated
on artificial toy data. The usefulness of the SOTM in a real-world setting is
shown on poverty, welfare and development indicators
Tracking Cluster Debris (TraCD) – I. Dissolution of clusters and searching for the solar cradle
The capability to reconstruct dissolved stellar systems in dynamical and chemical space is a key factor in improving our understanding of the evolution of the Milky Way. Here we concentrate on the dynamical aspect and given that a significant portion of the stars in the Milky Way have been born in stellar associations or clusters that have lived a few Myr up to several Gyr, we further restrict our attention to the evolution of star clusters. We have carried out our simulations in two steps: (1) we create a simulation of dissolution and mixing processes which yields a close fit to the present-day Milky Way dynamics and (2) we have evolved three sets of stellar clusters with masses of 400, 1000 and 15 000 M⊙ to dissolution. The birth location of these sets was 4, 6, 8 and 10 kpc for the 400 and 1000 M⊙ clusters and 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 kpc for the 15 000 M⊙. We have focused our efforts on studying the state of the escapers from these clusters after 4.5 Gyr of evolution with particular attention to stars that reach the solar annulus, i.e. 7.5 ≤ Rgc ≤ 8.5 kpc. We give results for solar twins and siblings over a wide range of radii and cluster masses for two dissolution mechanisms. From kinematics alone, we conclude that the Sun was ∼50 per cent more likely to have been born near its current Galactocentric radius, rather than have migrated (radially) ∼2 kpc since birth. We conclude our analysis by calculating magnitudes and colours of our single stars for comparison with the samples that the Gaia, Gaia-ESO and GALAH-AAO surveys will obtain. In terms of reconstructing dissolved star clusters, we find that on short time-scales we cannot rely on kinematic evolution alone and thus it will be necessary to extend our study to include information on chemical space
Libor at crossroads: stochastic switching detection using information theory quantifiers
This paper studies the 28 time series of Libor rates, classified in seven
maturities and four currencies), during the last 14 years. The analysis was
performed using a novel technique in financial economics: the
Complexity-Entropy Causality Plane. This planar representation allows the
discrimination of different stochastic and chaotic regimes. Using a temporal
analysis based on moving windows, this paper unveals an abnormal movement of
Libor time series arround the period of the 2007 financial crisis. This
alteration in the stochastic dynamics of Libor is contemporary of what press
called "Libor scandal", i.e. the manipulation of interest rates carried out by
several prime banks. We argue that our methodology is suitable as a market
watch mechanism, as it makes visible the temporal redution in informational
efficiency of the market.Comment: 17 pages, 9 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with
arXiv:1508.04748, arXiv:1509.0021
Dynamics of episodic transient correlations in currency exchange rate returns and their predictability
We study the dynamics of the linear and non-linear serial dependencies in
financial time series in a rolling window framework. In particular, we focus on
the detection of episodes of statistically significant two- and three-point
correlations in the returns of several leading currency exchange rates that
could offer some potential for their predictability. We employ a rolling window
approach in order to capture the correlation dynamics for different window
lengths and analyze the distributions of periods with statistically significant
correlations. We find that for sufficiently large window lengths these
distributions fit well to power-law behavior. We also measure the
predictability itself by a hit rate, i.e. the rate of consistency between the
signs of the actual returns and their predictions, obtained from a simple
correlation-based predictor. It is found that during these relatively brief
periods the returns are predictable to a certain degree and the predictability
depends on the selection of the window length.Comment: 19 pages, 8 figure
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