The Relationship of Emotional Intelligence and Stress In SMEs

Emotional intelligence is an important topic in management and entrepreneurial education. This study focused on the relationship between Emotional Intelligence (Cognition & Ability, Understanding Emotions, and Emotional Decision Making) and stress among SMEs. A total of 70 entrepreneurs from different areas in Melaka participated in the survey. Reliability analysis was applied to test the instrument’s reliability. Moreover, correlation analysis was applied to examine the relationship of EI factors with stress in SMEs. Regression analysis applied to determine the predicted factors of EI towards stress. The results of the analysis indicated cognition & ability, understanding other’s emotions and emotional decision making had a positive relationship with stress among SMEs. For the practicality of this study, emotional intelligence can be well implemented through education to instill a sound stress management to all potential entrepreneurs

Examining the Role of Social Trust in the Angel Investors’ Decision-Making Process: The Case of Egypt

This study focuses on examining the role of trust in the angel investors’ decision-making process. It was developed with the aim to advance understanding of the relationship between social trust and angel investments in a developing country such as Egypt and to examine the implications on transaction cost. Studying angel investment in the Egyptian context is important due to the existing boom in entrepreneurship in the country, lack of access to finance, and the nature of the economic ecosystem in Egypt shaped by cultural and social ties. The importance of these types of investors to the economic growth and sustainability of the entrepreneurial ecosystem is the main motive to examine angel investors’ decision-making processes. This study was conducted using in depth semi-structured interviews with ten angel investors located in Egypt. The findings of this study disassociated trust from social capital, which contradicts views of extant work and was more aligned with the notion that trust is a collective asset built from working on social capital. Further, the findings of this study highlighted the role of feelings and emotions as a key decision-making factor contributing to the evolution of the angel – entrepreneur relationship during the decision-making process. In this study, participants used ‘marriage’ and ‘friendship’ as a metaphor to their relationship with the entrepreneur, reflecting the emotional dimension they confer to their interactions with the entrepreneurs. These findings resonate with existing literature, though sparse, illustrating that the investor’s internal emotional or mood state, while taking an investment decision, could affect their judgment as well as their behavior to allocate equity towards a company. This work extends existing research by furthering understandings that angel investors associate emotions with their decisions, not only at the equity allocation phase and while making the final decision but also throughout the different pre-investment activities. Moreover, their perception of trust and how it relates to moving from one stage to another or even surpassing certain stages had an emotional dimension triggering the decision. Interestingly and of theoretical importance, angels in this study conceptualized trust as feelings and emotions; referring to trusting an entrepreneur or deciding to invest in certain venture, as a ‘gut’ feeling. Taking into consideration the aforementioned findings, this study suggests integrating non-economic factors such as trust and emotions into the angel investment process, specifically in the decision-making process to accommodate the impact of emotions and gut feelings

Diffusion Modelling Reveals the Decision Making Processes Underlying Negative Judgement Bias in Rats:Modelling Decision Making during Negative Affect

Human decision making is modified by emotional state. Rodents exhibit similar biases during interpretation of ambiguous cues that can be altered by affective state manipulations. In this study, the impact of negative affective state on judgement bias in rats was measured using an ambiguous-cue interpretation task. Acute treatment with an anxiogenic drug (FG7142), and chronic restraint stress and social isolation both induced a bias towards more negative interpretation of the ambiguous cue. The diffusion model was fit to behavioural data to allow further analysis of the underlying decision making processes. To uncover the way in which parameters vary together in relation to affective state manipulations, independent component analysis was conducted on rate of information accumulation and distances to decision threshold parameters for control data. Results from this analysis were applied to parameters from negative affective state manipulations. These projected components were compared to control components to reveal the changes in decision making processes that are due to affective state manipulations. Negative affective bias in rodents induced by either FG7142 or chronic stress is due to a combination of more negative interpretation of the ambiguous cue, reduced anticipation of the high reward and increased anticipation of the low reward

PENGARUH KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL, DISIPLIN KERJA DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN PRAJURIT SESKOAL

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kecerdasan emosional, disiplin kerja dan motivasi kerja terhadap pengambilan keputusan prajurit Seskoal. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Sampel dari penelitian ini adalah 92 orang prajurit Seskoal. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa; (1) Terdapat pengaruh langsung positif kecerdasan emosional terhadap pengambilan keputusan, (2) terdapat pengaruh langsung positif disiplin kerja terhadap pengambilan keputusan, (3) terdapat pengaruh langsung positif motivasi kerja terhadap pengambilan keputusan, (4) terdapat pengaruh tidak langsung kecerdasan emosional terhadap pengambilan keputusan melalui motivasi kerja, (5) terdapat pengaruh tidak langsung disiplin kerja terhadap pengambilan keputusan melalui motivasi kerja, (6) terdapat pengaruh tidak langsung kecerdasan emosional terhadap pengambilan keputusan melalui disiplin kerja. ********** The purpose of this research is to know the influence of emotional intelligence, work discipline and work motivation towards the decision making of SESKOAL’ssouldiers. This research uses quantitative approaches with survey methods. The samples of this study were 92 Seskoal ’ssouldiers. The results of this study show that; (1) There is a direct positive influence on the emotional intelligence of decision making, (2) there is a direct influence of positive working discipline on decision making, (3) There are direct positive influences of work motivation for Decisions, (4) there is an indirect effect of emotional intelligence on decision making through work motivation, (5) there is an indirect effect of work discipline on decision making through work motivation, (6) there is an indirect effect of emotional intelligence on decision making through work discipline

Managing clinical uncertainty: an ethnographic study of the impact of critical care outreach on end‐of‐life transitions in ward‐based critically ill patients with a life‐limiting illness

© 2018 Crown copyright. Journal of Clinical Nursing © 2018 John Wiley & Sons LtdRapid response teams, such as critical care outreach teams, have prominent roles in managing end-of-life transitions in critical illness, often questioning appropriateness of treatment escalation. Clinical uncertainty presents clinicians with dilemmas in how and when to escalate or de-escalate treatment. Aims and objectives: To explore how critical care outreach team decision-making processes affect the management of transition points for critically ill, ward-based patients with a life-limiting illness. Methods: An ethnographic study across two hospitals observed transition points and decisions to de-escalate treatment, through the lens of critical care outreach. In-depth interviews were carried out to elucidate rationales for practices witnessed in observations. Detailed field notes were taken and placed in a descriptive account. Ethnographic data were analysed, categorised and organised into themes using thematic analysis. Findings: Data were collected over 74 weeks, encompassing 32 observation periods with 20 staff, totalling more than 150 hr. Ten formal staff interviews and 20 informal staff interviews were undertaken. Three main themes emerged: early decision-making and the role of critical care outreach; communicating end-of-life transitions; end-of-life care and the input of critical care outreach. Findings suggest there is a negotiation to achieve smooth transitions for individual patients, between critical care outreach, and parent or ward medical teams. This process of negotiation is subject to many factors that either hinder or facilitate timely transitions. Conclusions: Critical care outreach teams have an important role in shared decision-making. Associated emotional costs relate to conflict with parent medical teams, and working as lone practitioners. The cultural contexts in which teams work have a significant effect on their interactions and agency. Relevance to practice: There needs to be a cultural shift towards early and open discussion of treatment goals and limitations of medical treatment, particularly when facing serious illness. With training and competencies, outreach nurses are well placed to facilitate these discussions.Peer reviewe

Victim Identification, Framing Heuristic and Stress Effects on the Donation Decision

The tendency of an individual to share his beings with other people arises from the social aspect of human nature. Especially in today's conditions where the gap between advantageous and disadvantaged groups is getting deeper, donation is extremely important to reach a global level of welfare and to create fair living standards for all. Due to the stated priorities, donation behavior has an important place among both religious and moral values. However, the factors that lead an individual towards donation behavior are not only social rules. In addition to external factors, important internal factors such as emotions also play a big role in the donation decision. In addition, there are many variables such as the donated thing itself, total assets of the donor and indeed the characteristics of the donor. Donation behavior, which is widely examined in the literature, is also considered as an important decision making subject. In our study, the effects that motivate an individual towards a donation; along with the donation amount and the ratio of donation, were examined with framing heuristics which express the individual's knowledge of the victim. The mentioned variables were associated with stress as one of the strongest negative arousal output, to understand the emotional aspect of a donation decision. The stress levels of the participants, who manipulated by two different scenarios, were monitored with galvanic skin response to determine the decision-making scenarios which triggered stress. As a result; it has been found that the individual's effort to gain the money he donates and the features of the donation call significantly affect the decision

Medical information therapy and medical malpractice litigation in South Africa

In South Africa, increases in both the size and amount of medical malpractice claims have resulted in a move towards so-called defensive medicine, and have had devastating emotional effects on healthcare professionals. Among several recommendations for addressing these consequences, the first author’s recent doctoral study critically analysed evidence-based patient choice as a partnership model in clinical decision making. This study indicated that none of the key skills of this approach are completely adequate in honouring the principle of respect for autonomy in clinical decision making. Instead, the study proposed the concept of medical information therapy – an expanded conception of the generic concept of information therapy – as an adequate approach to reconciling the opposing perspectives of patients and healthcare professionals in a therapeutic alliance. Recent case law, as well as relevant provisions of the National Health Act, emphasise patient autonomy, as well as the notion of shared decision making in the context of informed consent. The South African healthcare context is characterised by specific challenges affecting the process of obtaining informed consent. The article submits that the concept of medical information therapy will help address the significant increase in litigation against healthcare practitioners based on a lack of informed consent, in both the public and private healthcare sectors

Measuring the success of intervention programmes designed to increase the participation rate by women in computing

Despite the prevalent use of blog for various personal reasons, there is a paucity of research examining the commercialization of blog. Even though it is possible to forge strong buyer-seller relationships among blogger and readers in a blog social network through collective social interaction, a fundamental prerequisite towards blog commercialization is the blogger’s willingness to engage in commercial exchange. Consequently, this paper examines the blogger’s decision making process on using his/her blog for commercial exchange. The decision process involves the appraisal of two novel theoretical notions, namely blog-blogger-reader-product similarity (BBRPS) and perceived reader-negative reaction (PRNR). Drawing on the cognitive-motivational-relational theory, we posit that the blogger’s emotional responses to the two appraisal factors affect how the blogger copes with the exchange situation. The coping strategy adopted by the blogger in turn increases or decreases exchange intention. Results from an experiment we conducted provide support for this model. Specifically, when BBRPS is high and PRNR is low, the blogger would be inclined towards using his/her blog for commercial exchange. Even when PRNR is high, it is plausible for blogger to persist in the use of his/her blog for commercial exchange as long as the negative emotional barrier is not excessively high

The Politics of Rationality - A Critique

In this thesis, I challenge the validity of a pervasive conception of political action and decision-making that grounds both on the so-called “public use of reason”. The latter, underpinned by a notion of “pure” reason inherited from the Enlightenment and largely sustained by liberal theory, not only promotes a reductionist view of human rationality, but also implicitly leads us to disregard a critical aspect in contemporary politics: the political role of the emotions. The opportunity to exploit the emotions in order to pervert the democratic process follows from that disregard. Reading it in light of Schmitt and Agamben’s ideas on the state of exception, I examine the pervasiveness of emotional dynamics in contemporary western politics, illuminating phenomena such as democratic propaganda, the ongoing “war on terror”, and the persistent threat of global economic collapse. I subsequently posit that the rationalistic hubris of the politics of (limited) rationality opens the door for irrational politics, ultimately enabling the creation of a permanent state of exception through the manipulation of misguided emotional inclinations. In order to address this problem, I argue for an abandonment of the sterile reason-emotion dichotomy implicitly preserved by the current debate on the cognitive status of emotions. Instead, I propose an expanded model of human rationality, which incorporates emotion into processes such as decision-making, motivation, and action – thus arriving at the notion of emotional rationality. This enables me to consider the commonly overlooked possibility to educate emotions, and advance a conception of emotional education that relates them with the Aristotelian notion of phronesis. I conclude by arguing that a heightened political awareness of emotions and a conscious effort to educate them are necessary steps towards avoiding the undesirable political fate entailed by our present situation

Emotional Decision-Makers and Anomalous Attitudes towards Information

We use a simple version of the Psychological Expected Utility Model (Caplin and Leahy, QJE, 2001) to analyze the optimal choice of information accuracy by an individual who is concerned with anticipatory feeling. The individual faces the following trade-off: on the one hand information may lead to emotional costs, on the other the higher the information accuracy, the higher the efficiency of decision-making. We completely and explicitly characterize how anticipatory utility depends on information accuracy, and study the optimal amount of information acquisition. We obtain simple and explicit conditions under which the individual prefers no-information or partial information gathering. We show that anomalous attitudes towards information can be more articulated than previously thought