Quantitative Perspectives on Fifty Years of the Journal of the History of Biology

Journal of the History of Biology provides a fifty-year long record for examining the evolution of the history of biology as a scholarly discipline. In this paper, we present a new dataset and preliminary quantitative analysis of the thematic content of JHB from the perspectives of geography, organisms, and thematic fields. The geographic diversity of authors whose work appears in JHB has increased steadily since 1968, but the geographic coverage of the content of JHB articles remains strongly lopsided toward the United States, United Kingdom, and western Europe and has diversified much less dramatically over time. The taxonomic diversity of organisms discussed in JHB increased steadily between 1968 and the late 1990s but declined in later years, mirroring broader patterns of diversification previously reported in the biomedical research literature. Finally, we used a combination of topic modeling and nonlinear dimensionality reduction techniques to develop a model of multi-article fields within JHB. We found evidence for directional changes in the representation of fields on multiple scales. The diversity of JHB with regard to the representation of thematic fields has increased overall, with most of that diversification occurring in recent years. Drawing on the dataset generated in the course of this analysis, as well as web services in the emerging digital history and philosophy of science ecosystem, we have developed an interactive web platform for exploring the content of JHB, and we provide a brief overview of the platform in this article. As a whole, the data and analyses presented here provide a starting-place for further critical reflection on the evolution of the history of biology over the past half-century.Comment: 45 pages, 14 figures, 4 table

Generating linguistically relevant metadata for the Royal Society Corpus

This paper provides an overview on metadata generation and management for the Royal Society Corpus (RSC), aiming to encourage discussion about the specific challenges in building substantial diachronic corpora intended to be used for linguistic and humanistic analysis. We discuss the motivations and goals of building the corpus, describe its composition and present the types of metadata it contains. Specifically, we tackle two challenges: first, integration of original metadata from the data providers (JSTOR and the Royal Society); second, derivation of additional linguistically relevant metadata regarding text structure and situational context (register)

Framing the challenge of climate change in Nature and Science editorials

Through their editorialising practices, leading international science journals such as Nature and Science interpret the changing roles of science in society and exert considerable influence on scientific priorities and practices. Here we examine nearly 500 editorials published in these two journals between 1966 and 2016 which deal with climate change, thereby constructing a lens through which to view the changing engagement of science and scientists with the issue. A systematic longitudinal frame analysis reveals broad similarities between Nature and Science in the waxing and waning of editorialising attention given to the topic. But although both journals have diversified how they frame the challenges of climate change, they have done so in different ways. We attribute these differences to three influences: the different political and epistemic cultures into which they publish; their different institutional histories; and their different editors and editorial authorship practices

LITERATURE REVIEW OF MIGRATION, RELIGION AND INTEGRATION AMONG IMMIGRANTS IN THE 21ST CENTURY

This study provides an analysis of migration, religion and integration literature in a twofold approach: first, the development in volume and the internationalization of the field are analysed. Second, development is analysed in terms of topical focus within migration studies over the recent decades of the 21st century. To capture volume, internationalisation, and topic focus, my analysis involves topic modelling of the landscape of migration studies. Given that there exist different research motives surrounding the subject of migration, previous literature indicates a linear growth path towards an increasingly diversified and fragmented field. Although previous literature indicates an increase in migration studies the problems of migration, in reality, are yet far from being solved. Moreover, the analysis reveals that there is a shift between various topics within the migration field as opposed to a growth of diversification of topics. This means that there is less linkage between studies tackling a specific topic as studies have taken independent directions. Lastly, this literature review study reveals that fragmentation in migration studies has no consistent trend and in contrast, there is a recent connectedness between related topics of migration.  Article visualizations