Too-Much-of-a-Good-Thing Effect of Prosocial Silence and Voice

This study assesses the effects of prosocial silence and voice on organizational citizenship behaviors directed towards individuals under the “Too-Much-of-a-Good-Thing” theory. It is assumed that greater prosocial silence and voice lead to organizational citizenship. However, the theory of too-much-of-a-good-thing suggests that extreme behaviors may perversely have a negative effect raising the possibility that the relationship is curvilinear rather than linear. A similar nonlinear relationship is suggested in this study. Standardized measures of prosocial voice, prosocial silence and organizational citizenship were collected from 381 faculty members from three mid-cycle universities. Regression analyses revealed a significant curvilinear (an inverted U-Shaped) relationship between prosocial voice and organizational citizenship and likewise prosocial silence and organizational citizenship. Too little and, similarly, too much prosocial voice and silence were associated with worse organizational citizenship

Inequality, Too Much of a Good Thing

As the title of this essay suggests, I believe there are both positive and negative effects of inequality. On the positive side, differential rewards provide incentives for individuals to work hard, invest and innovate. On the negative side, differences in rewards that are unrelated to productivity – due to racial discrimination, for example – are corrosive to civil society and cause resources to be misallocated. Even if discrimination did not exist, however, income inequality would be problematic in a democratic society if those who are privileged use their economic muscle to curry favor in the political arena and thereby secure monopoly rents or other advantages. Moreover, for several reasons discussed in the next section, poverty and income inequality create negative externalities. Consequently, it can be in the interest of the wealthy as well as the poor to raise the incomes of the poor, especially by using education and training as a means for redistribution.

Canada’s Resource Curse: Too Much of a Good Thing

Canada has been both blessed and cursed by its vast resource wealth. Immense resource riches send the wrong message to the political class that thinking and planning for tomorrow is unnecessary when record high global prices drive economic development at a frenetic pace. Short-termism, the loss of manufacturing competitiveness ('the Dutch disease') and long term rent-seeking behavior from the corporate sector become, by default, the low policy standard. This article contends that Canada is not a simple offshoot ofAnglo-American, hyper-commercial capitalism, but is subject to the recurring dynamics of social Canada and for this reason the Northern market model of capitalism needs its own theoretical articulation. Its distinguishing characteristic is that there is a large and growing role formixed goods and non-negotiable goods in comparison to the United States even when the proactive role of the Canadian state had its wings clipped to a degree that stunned many observers. The article also examines the uncoupling of the Canadian and U.S. economies driven in part by the global resource boom. The downside of the new staples export strategy is that hundreds of thousands of jobs have disappeared fromOntario and Quebec. Ontario, once the rich "have" province of the Confederation, is now a poor cousin eligible for equalization payments. Unlike earlier waves of deindustrialization, there is little prospect for recovering many of these better paying positions. Without a focused government strategy, the future for Canada's factory economy is grim. The final section addresses the dynamics of growing income polarization and its lessons for the future. With a global slowdown or worse on the horizon, Canada's unique combination of mixed goods and orthodox market-based policies is likely to be unsustainable in its current form. For countries with a similar endowment, the Northern model is unexportable.Canadá ha sido tanto bendecida comomaldecida por la vasta riqueza de sus recursos. Tal riqueza envía el mensaje erróneo a la clase política de que pensar y planear para el mañana es innecesario cuando los precios globales, que se han elevado a niveles récord, llevan al desarrollo económico a un ritmo frenético. El hecho de que el sector corporativo considere los asuntos a corto plazo, junto con la pérdida de la competitividad manufacturera (la enfermedad holandesa) y el comportamiento de buscar una rentabilidad a largo plazo se han convertido en el estándar de la política práctica. Este artículo plantea que Canadá no es sólo una rama del capitalismo hípercomercial angloamericano, sino que es el sujeto de las dinámicas recurrentes del Canadá social y, por esta razón, el norteño modelo de mercado capitalista necesita su propia articulación teórica. Su característica particular es que los bienes mixtos y no negociables tienen un importante papel creciente en comparación con Estados Unidos, incluso cuando el rol proactivo del Estado canadiense ha plegado sus alas hasta el grado de asombrar a varios expertos. Este artículo también examina la disparidad de las economías estadunidense y canadiense, ambas arrastradas en parte por el boom de los recursos globales. El aspecto negativo de la nueva estrategia de exportación (the new staples export strategy) es que han desaparecido cientos de trabajos desde Ontario hasta Quebec. En el primer caso, la que alguna vez fue la provinciamás rica de la confederación ahora es el primo pobre elegible para la igualación de pagos (equalization payments). Adiferencia de las olas anteriores de industrialización, en la actual es poca la perspectiva de recuperar una mejor situación de pagos. Sin una estrategia gubernamental enfocada a ello, el futuro de la economía industrial de Canadá resulta sombrío. La sección final del artículo aborda la polarización de las dinámicas de crecimiento del ingreso y sus lecciones para el futuro. Con una desaceleración económica global, o incluso con algo peor en el horizonte, como la combinación económica única de Canadá de bienes mixtos con una política de mercado ortodoxa, el modelo no es sustentable en su forma actual. Para países que tienen una dotación similar de recursos, el modelo del norte no es exportable

Too Much of a Good Thing.

Critical review of exhibition at the Serpentine Gallery, Londo

Too Much of A Good Thing?

We consider a repeated game, in which due to private information and a lack of flexible transfers, cooperation cannot be sustained efficiently. In each round, the buyer either buys from the seller or takes an outside option. The fluctuating outside option may be public or private information. When the buyer visits, the seller chooses what quality to provide. We find that the buyer initially forgoes mutually beneficial trades before then visiting more often than he would like to, myopically. Under private information, the relationship recurrently undergoes gradual self-reinforcing downturns when trust is broken and instantaneous recoveries when loyalty is shown

Too Much of a Good Thing?: A Review of Overdoing Democracy

Cultivating civic friendship doesn’t start with transforming society; it begins on an individual level. Posting about ­­­­­­­­the book Overdoing Democracy: Why We Must Put Politics in its Place from In All Things - an online journal for critical reflection on faith, culture, art, and every ordinary-yet-graced square inch of God’s creation. https://inallthings.org/too-much-of-a-good-thing-a-review-of-overdoing-democracy

The Too-Much-of-a-Good-Thing Effect in Management

A growing body of empirical evidence in the management literature suggests that antecedent variables widely accepted as leading to desirable consequences actually lead to negative outcomes. These increasingly pervasive and often countertheoretical findings permeate levels of analysis (i.e., from micro to macro) and management subfields (e.g., organizational behavior, strategic management). Although seemingly unrelated, the authors contend that this body of empirical research can be accounted for by a meta-theoretical principle they call the too-much-of-a-good-thing effect (TMGT effect). The authors posit that, due to the TMGT effect, all seemingly monotonic positive relations reach context-specific inflection points after which the relations turn asymptotic and often negative, resulting in an overall pattern of curvilinearity. They illustrate how the TMGT effect provides a meta-theoretical explanation for a host of seemingly puzzling results in key areas of organizational behavior (e.g., leadership, personality), human resource management (e.g., job design, personnel selection), entrepreneurship (e.g., new venture planning, firm growth rate), and strategic management (e.g., diversification, organizational slack). Finally, the authors discuss implications of the TMGT effect for theory development, theory testing, and management practice

Brand Equity: Can There Be Too Much Of A Good Thing?

While academic research focuses almost solely on the positive effects of brand equity, numerous instances of the decline and failure of once-strong brands suggest the existence of another category of effects that may offset the positive ones. This paper suggests that an inquiry into the negative effects of brand equity is required to complement and enhance our existing knowledge. Evidence of the decline of strong brands from the literature is presented, and a set of research directions and testable propositions is suggested that should allow quantifying the possible negative effects of brand equity