The real projective spaces in homotopy type theory

Homotopy type theory is a version of Martin-L\"of type theory taking advantage of its homotopical models. In particular, we can use and construct objects of homotopy theory and reason about them using higher inductive types. In this article, we construct the real projective spaces, key players in homotopy theory, as certain higher inductive types in homotopy type theory. The classical definition of RP(n), as the quotient space identifying antipodal points of the n-sphere, does not translate directly to homotopy type theory. Instead, we define RP(n) by induction on n simultaneously with its tautological bundle of 2-element sets. As the base case, we take RP(-1) to be the empty type. In the inductive step, we take RP(n+1) to be the mapping cone of the projection map of the tautological bundle of RP(n), and we use its universal property and the univalence axiom to define the tautological bundle on RP(n+1). By showing that the total space of the tautological bundle of RP(n) is the n-sphere, we retrieve the classical description of RP(n+1) as RP(n) with an (n+1)-cell attached to it. The infinite dimensional real projective space, defined as the sequential colimit of the RP(n) with the canonical inclusion maps, is equivalent to the Eilenberg-MacLane space K(Z/2Z,1), which here arises as the subtype of the universe consisting of 2-element types. Indeed, the infinite dimensional projective space classifies the 0-sphere bundles, which one can think of as synthetic line bundles. These constructions in homotopy type theory further illustrate the utility of homotopy type theory, including the interplay of type theoretic and homotopy theoretic ideas.Comment: 8 pages, to appear in proceedings of LICS 201

Algebraic cycles and the classical groups II: Quaternionic cycles

In part I of this work we studied the spaces of real algebraic cycles on a complex projective space P(V), where V carries a real structure, and completely determined their homotopy type. We also extended some functors in K-theory to algebraic cycles, establishing a direct relationship to characteristic classes for the classical groups, specially Stiefel-Whitney classes. In this sequel, we establish corresponding results in the case where V has a quaternionic structure. The determination of the homotopy type of quaternionic algebraic cycles is more involved than in the real case, but has a similarly simple description. The stabilized space of quaternionic algebraic cycles admits a nontrivial infinite loop space structure yielding, in particular, a delooping of the total Pontrjagin class map. This stabilized space is directly related to an extended notion of quaternionic spaces and bundles (KH-theory), in analogy with Atiyah's real spaces and KR-theory, and the characteristic classes that we introduce for these objects are nontrivial. The paper ends with various examples and applications.Comment: Published by Geometry and Topology at http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/gt/GTVol9/paper27.abs.htm

Twisted KK-theory

Twisted complex $K$-theory can be defined for a space $X$ equipped with a bundle of complex projective spaces, or, equivalently, with a bundle of C$^*$-algebras. Up to equivalence, the twisting corresponds to an element of $H^3(X;\Z)$. We give a systematic account of the definition and basic properties of the twisted theory, emphasizing some points where it behaves differently from ordinary $K$-theory. (We omit, however, its relations to classical cohomology, which we shall treat in a sequel.) We develop an equivariant version of the theory for the action of a compact Lie group, proving that then the twistings are classified by the equivariant cohomology group $H^3_G(X;\Z)$. We also consider some basic examples of twisted $K$-theory classes, related to those appearing in the recent work of Freed-Hopkins-Teleman.Comment: 49 pages;some minor corrections have been made to the earlier versio

The block structure spaces of real projective spaces and orthogonal calculus of functors

Given a compact manifold X, the set of simple manifold structures on X x \Delta^k relative to the boundary can be viewed as the k-th homotopy group of a space \S^s (X). This space is called the block structure space of X. We study the block structure spaces of real projective spaces. Generalizing Wall's join construction we show that there is a functor from the category of finite dimensional real vector spaces with inner product to the category of pointed spaces which sends the vector space V to the block structure space of the projective space of V. We study this functor from the point of view of orthogonal calculus of functors; we show that it is polynomial of degree <= 1 in the sense of orthogonal calculus. This result suggests an attractive description of the block structure space of the infinite dimensional real projective space via the Taylor tower of orthogonal calculus. This space is defined as a colimit of block structure spaces of projective spaces of finite-dimensional real vector spaces and is closely related to some automorphisms spaces of real projective spaces.Comment: corrected version, 32 pages, published in Transactions of the AMS at http://www.ams.org/tran/2007-359-01/S0002-9947-06-04180-8

Schematic homotopy types and non-abelian Hodge theory

In this work we use Hodge theoretic methods to study homotopy types of complex projective manifolds with arbitrary fundamental groups. The main tool we use is the \textit{schematization functor} $X \mapsto (X\otimes \mathbb{C})^{sch}$, introduced by the third author as a substitute for the rationalization functor in homotopy theory in the case of non-simply connected spaces. Our main result is the construction of a \textit{Hodge decomposition} on $(X\otimes\mathbb{C})^{sch}$. This Hodge decomposition is encoded in an action of the discrete group $\mathbb{C}^{\times \delta}$ on the object $(X\otimes \mathbb{C})^{sch}$ and is shown to recover the usual Hodge decomposition on cohomology, the Hodge filtration on the pro-algebraic fundamental group as defined by C.Simpson, and in the simply connected case, the Hodge decomposition on the complexified homotopy groups as defined by J.Morgan and R. Hain. This Hodge decomposition is shown to satisfy a purity property with respect to a weight filtration, generalizing the fact that the higher homotopy groups of a simply connected projective manifold have natural mixed Hodge structures. As a first application we construct a new family of examples of homotopy types which are not realizable as complex projective manifolds. Our second application is a formality theorem for the schematization of a complex projective manifold. Finally, we present conditions on a complex projective manifold $X$ under which the image of the Hurewitz morphism of $\pi_{i}(X) \to H_{i}(X)$ is a sub-Hodge structure.Comment: 57 pages. This new version has been globally reorganized and includes additional results and applications. Minor correction

An Abel-Jacobi invariant for cobordant cycles

We discuss an Abel-Jacobi invariant for algebraic cobordism cycles whose image in topological cobordism vanishes. The existence of this invariant follows by abstract arguments from the construction of Hodge filtered cohomology theories in joint work of Michael J. Hopkins and the author. In this paper, we give a concrete description of the new Abel-Jacobi map and Hodge filtered cohomology groups for projective smooth complex varieties.Comment: v2: 21 pages; revised section 4; final version to appear in Doc. Mat

Topological comparison theorems for Bredon motivic cohomology

We prove equivariant versions of the Beilinson-Lichtenbaum conjecture for Bredon motivic cohomology of smooth complex and real varieties with an action of the group of order two. This identifies equivariant motivic and topological invariants in a large range of degrees.Comment: Corrected indices in main theorem and a few minor changes. To appear, Transactions AM