Are Investors Warned by Disclosure of Conflicts of Interest? The Moderating Effect of Investment Horizon

Financial analysts are required to disclose conflicts of interest (COI) in their research reports, but there is limited evidence on the effectiveness of COI disclosures. We investigate whether the influence of disclosing COI in analyst reports on investors' decision making depends on investment horizon. Experimental results show that short-term investors who view a COI disclosure are significantly less willing to invest in the recommended stock compared to short-term investors who do not view such a disclosure, while the presence of a COI disclosure does not significantly affect long-term investors’ willingness to invest. Results further demonstrate that the COI disclosure decreases short-term investors’ willingness to invest by reducing their perception of analysts’ trustworthiness and expertness. This study provides evidence on when and how the COI disclosure can influence investors’ behavior and enhances our understanding of investors’ reactions to cautionary disclaimers

Incorporating Technology Readiness (TR) Into TAM: Are Individual Traits Important to Understand Technology Acceptance?

Researchers have extensively and intensively examined Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) for many years. Unfortunately, despite years of research regarding technology acceptance, researchers today still cannot conclusively answer the question raised by Baron and Kenny (1986): “What processes link traits to behavior?” With respect to the role of individual traits within TAM, at least two research streams can be identified. However, they have generated conflicting results. Our study addresses this question by examining the effects of one set of individual traits, technology readiness (TR) which has four dimensions according to Parasuraman (2000), within TAM. Specially, our research question is about the role of the fours dimensions of TR. We argue that the four dimensions will moderate the hypothesized relationships within TAM. We believe that such a research attempt is a timely response to Venkatesh and Davis’s (2000) call for examining major contingency factors that moderate the effects of subjective perceptions on behavior intentions (BI). Data were collected via online survey. Two dimensions of TR, i.e., innovativeness and optimism, were found to interact with perceived usefulness to determine people’s intention to accept new technologies. Specifically, perceived usefulness was insignificant to influence behavior intention for people who are either optimistic or innovative with respect to new technologies. Such findings were quite interesting as previous research seldom explored contingencies for the perceived usefulness-behavior intention relationship

The Influence of Technology Readiness on Satisfaction and Destination Loyalty toward Augmented Reality Technologies

Technology has been changing the travel experience of visitors. Particularly, Augmented Reality is one of the emerging technologies, which widely used in cultural heritage tourism sites. This study is based on a new technology acceptance model and future modified this model to examine the relationship between product beliefs, consumer satisfaction with AR, and destination loyalty in cultural heritage sites. Moreover, this paper examined the role of technology readiness forming travellers’ loyalty of destination with a kind of travel technology--AR. The results show that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use have significant effects on the satisfaction of AR towards the travellers’ loyalty of destination. TR is found to have moderating effects on this model

Self service technology : an overview of existing research

The purpose of this working paper is twofold. First the paper presents a review of the literature on self service technology (SST). The review categorizes the literature based on dependent variables studied in existing research. The review finds that most of the studies have focused on antecedents of attitude/intention/usage of SST, satisfaction with SST, and loyalty to SST. Also, the antecedents to each of the three main dependent variables are systemized in the review. The review shows that existing literature on SST hardly include moderating variables in the models tested. None of the articles aiming to explain loyalty to SST have included potential moderating effects in the models tested. The paper also gives an overview of potential dimensions for categorization of SST. Only a few of the articles reviewed gives insight into such dimensions. Given the limited focus on dimensions for categorization of self service technologies, the second purpose was to study how various channels vary along more general channel dimensions. A brief review of such dimensions is reported, and an exploratory study among students at Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration (NHH) is conducted illustrating how 11 channels are perceived along 16 dimensions. The results show significant differences between the channels in how they are perceived along all of the 16 dimensions studied. Finally, based on the review and the exploratory study conducted, some directions for future research are suggested

Intention to use analytical Artificial Intelligence in services. The effect of technology readiness and awareness

Purpose: The automation of services is rapidly growing, led by sectors such as banking and financial investment. The growing number of investments managed by artificial intelligence (AI) suggests that this technology-based service will become increasingly popular. This study examines how customers’ technology readiness and service awareness affect their intention to use analytical-AI investment services. Design/methodology/approach: Hypotheses were tested with a data set of 404 North American-based potential customers of robo-advisors. In addition to technology readiness dimensions, the potential customers’ characteristics were included in the framework as moderating factors (age, gender and previous experience with financial investment services). A post-hoc analysis examined the roles of service awareness and the financial advisor’s name (i.e., robo-advisor vs. AI-advisor). Findings: The results indicated that customers’ technological optimism increases, and insecurity decreases, their intention to use robo-advisors. Surprisingly, feelings of technological discomfort positively influenced robo-advisor adoption. This interesting finding challenges previous insights into technology adoption and value co-creation, as analytical-AI puts customers into a very passive role and reduces barriers to technology adoption. The research also analyzes how consumers become aware of robo-advisors, and how this influences their acceptance. Originality: This is the first study to analyze the role of customers’ technology readiness in the adoption of analytical-AI. We link our findings to previous technology adoption and automated services’ literature and provide specific managerial implications and avenues for further research

The Impact of Past Performance on Expectations of Future Success: An Investigation of Australian Managers

Competition among firms for market share and differential advantage is at an all-time high [3]. Moreover, investment in research and development (R&D) is seen as a major strategy in attaining and maintaining any competitive edge [4]. Little is known, however, about how experiencing poor performance in R&D endeavors affects managers\u27 perceptions of future opportunities for success in his or her company. Do managers believe that success breeds success, while poor performance is an indication of continued problems in the future? Or do managers believe that poor past performance is unrelated to future performance? Additionally, are some individuals prone to experience feelings of loss of control, while other individuals believe that they can influence future outcomes? When considering the importance of R&D endeavors to competitive strategy, these questions deserve attention and constitute the focus for this paper

Optimism as a Mediating Factor in the Relationship between Anxiety and News Media Exposure in College Students

Recently, media research has focused on young people to determine what effect violent media images may have on aggressive behavior, but little research has investigated the kind of psychological distress similar images may cause. What emotional impact does increased exposure to negative and even violent news coverage have on young adults? In this study, the relationship between such news media and anxiety levels is examined, as well as the possible mediating role that an optimistic life orientation may play in that relationship. It is hypothesized that the degree to which these individuals follow news media will positively correlate with their state anxiety levels, but when accounting for an optimistic worldview, this effect will be minimized or eliminated. A survey was administered to a sample of 278 undergraduate students attending Bryant University that measured their anxiety levels, life orientation in terms of optimism, and news media viewing habits. The results showed no significant correlation between news media viewing and state anxiety, and therefore also could not support any mediating role of optimism either. Limitations and mitigating factors regarding this study as well as possible avenues for future research are discussed

How Personality and Relationship Affect Customers\u27 Adoption of Advanced Self Service Technology in Branch Banking

Self Service Technology (SST) in brick-and-mortar outlets advances from pure transaction processing to elaborate pro-active sales functions, where customers can be addressed directly as part of interactive marketing and customer relationship management approaches. This opens up new ways to reach customers for transaction intensive industries like financial services. SST may be used to increase revenues by cross or up-selling instead of just cost-cutting by lowering transaction costs. Customer adoption of in-branch SST like ATMs or kiosk systems might take different courses than those of internet sales platforms and previous research suggests a high influence of personality traits as well as customer relationship characteristics. We extend well proven technology adoption models by moderating effects from personality traits and customer relationship characteristics. Using survey and customer account data from customers of a European retail bank, we identify relevant moderating effects. Our study contributes by the transfer of SST adoption models to the specific research domain and the integration of moderating effects into adoption models by using additional external data

Factors Influencing Continuance Usage Intention Of E-Filing System Among Taxpayers In Malaysia

In this current competitive environment, it is important for businesses to accentuate on continuance usage as the key for long term growth. It has been argued that the longer a business can keep a customer, the greater the revenue can be earned from that customer and the cost of serving the customer also declines. Malaysian Government has spent huge amount of money in developing the e-Filing system which is receiving much attention and there has been an upward trend in the adoption of the system among taxpayers in the first five years. However, while initial acceptance of information system (IS) is very important toward realizing IS success but its eventual success depend on its continued use rather than first-time use. In this vein, investigating the continuance usage intention of e-filing system is deemed to be important because as more citizens use the e-filing system the more operation and management cost can be reduced. As such, the purpose of this study was to examine the continuance usage intention of the e-filing system among taxpayers in Malaysia based on three important individual beliefs which is trust in the system, personality and optimism bias. The sample size comprises 731 taxpayers from the urban states of Peninsular Malaysia which comprises Penang, Perak, Selangor, Kuala Lumpur and Johor were collected and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)