3 research outputs found
A study on the optimal aircraft location for human organ transportation activities
Abstract The donation-transplant network's complexity lies in the need to reconcile standardized processes and high levels of urgency and uncertainty due to organs' perishability and location. Both punctuality and reliability of air transportation service are crucial to ensure the safe outcome of the transplant. To this scope, an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) model is here proposed to determine the optimal distribution of aircraft in a given set of hubs and under the demand extracted from the Italian transplant database. This is an application of uncapacitated facility location problems, where aircraft are facilities to be located and organ transportation requests represent the demand. Two scenarios (two hubs versus three hubs) are tested under the performance point of view and over different time periods to assess the influence of variations in demand pattern and time period length on the solution
Megaregional Passenger Transportation Hub Location Problem Considering Congestion Effects
The need to make effective plans for locating transportation hubs is of increasing importance in the megaregional area, as recent research suggests that the growing intercity travel demand affects the efficiency of a megaregional transportation system. This paper investigates a hierarchical facility location problem in a megaregional passenger transportation network. The aim of the study is to determine the locations of hub facilities at different hierarchical levels and distribute the demands to these facilities with minimum total cost, including investment, transportation, and congestion costs. The problem is formulated as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model considering the service availability structure and hub congestion effects. A case study is designed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model in the Wuhan metropolitan area. The results show that the congestion effects can be addressed by reallocating the demand to balance the hub utilisation or constructing new hubs to increase the network capacity. The methods of appropriately locating hubs and distributing traffic flows are proposed to optimise the megaregional passenger transportation networks, which has important implications for decision makers
Robust optimisation of dry port network design in the container shipping industry under uncertainty
PhD ThesisThe concept of dry port has attracted the attention of many researchers in the field of containerised
transport industry over the past few decades. Previous research on dry port container network
design has dealt with decision-making at different levels in an isolated manner. The purpose of
this research is to develop a decision-making tool based on mathematical programming models to
integrate strategic level decisions with operational level decisions. In this context, the strategic
level decision making comprises the number and location of dry ports, the allocation of customers
demand, and the provision of arcs between dry ports and customers within the network. On the
other hand, the operational level decision making consists of containers flow, the selection of
transportation modes, empty container repositioning, and empty containers inventory control. The
containers flow decision involves the forward and backward flow of both laden and empty
containers. Several mathematical models are developed for the optimal design of dry port networks
while integrating all these decisions.
One of the key aspects that has been incorporated in this study is the inherent uncertainty of
container demands from end customers. Besides, a dynamic setting has to be adopted to consider
the inevitable periodic fluctuation of demands. In order to incorporate the abovementioned
decision-making integration with uncertain demands, several models are developed based on twostage stochastic programming approach. In the developed models, the strategic decisions are made
in the first stage while the second-stage deals with operational decisions. The models are then
solved through a robust sample average approximation approach, which is improved with the
Benders Decomposition method. Moreover, several acceleration algorithms including multi-cut
framework, knapsack inequalities, and Pareto-optimal cut scheme are applied to enhance the
solution computational time.
The proposed models are applied to a hypothetical case of dry port container network design in
North Carolina, USA. Extensive numerical experiments are conducted to validate the dry port
network design models. A large number of problem instances are employed in the numerical
experiments to certify the capability of models. The quality of generated solutions is examined via
a statistical validation procedure. The results reveal that the proposed approach can produce a
reliable dry port container network under uncertain environment. Moreover, the experimental
results underline the sensitivity of the configuration of the network to the inventory holding costs
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and the value of coefficients relating to model robustness and solution robustness. In addition, a
number of managerial insights are provided that may be widely used in container shipping
industry: that the optimal number of dry ports is inversely proportional to the empty container
holding costs; that multiple sourcing is preferable when there are high levels of uncertainty; that
rail tends to be better for transporting laden containers directly from seaports to customers with
road being used for empty container repositioning; service level and fill rate improve when the
design targets more robust solutions; and inventory turnover increases with high levels of holding
cost; and inventory turnover decreases with increasing robustness