SIMURG_CITIES: Meta-Analysis for KPI's of Layer-Based Approach in Sustainability Assessment

SIMURG_CITIES, is the research and development project that is developed under the main project named as SIMURG: “A performance-based and Sustainability-oriented Integration Model Using Relational database architecture to increase Global competitiveness of Turkish construction industry in industry 5.0 era”, is the relational database model that is currently being developed in a dissertation for performance-based development and assessment of sustainable and sophisticated solutions for the built environment. This study aims to analyze the key performance indicators (KPIs) at «Cities Level» for the smart city concept that is referred to as «Layers» in the master project. KPIs for the concept of a smart city is determined by using the meta-analysis technique. Hence, the three most reputable urban journals issued from 2017 through 2020 are reviewed in this study. In addition to this, models of smart city frameworks/assessment tools/KPIs are reviewed within the context of this paper; environment, economy and governance were found to have domain themes on the urban sustainability according to the literature review. Consequently, efficient and integrated urban management, environmental monitoring and management, public and social services of urban development and sustainability are found to be the most important dimensions in urban and regional planning. SIMURG_CITIES evaluation models for urban projects can use the findings of this paper

Challenges and opportunities to develop a smart city: A case study of Gold Coast, Australia

With the rapid growth of information and communication technologies, there is a growing interest in developing smart cities with a focus on the knowledge economy, use of sensors and mobile technologies to plan and manage cities. The proponents argue that these emerging technologies have potential application in efficiently managing the environment and infrastructure, promoting economic development and actively engaging the public, thus contributing to building safe, healthy, sustainable and resilient cities. However, are there other important elements in addition to technologies which can contribute to the creation of smart cities? What are some of the challenges and opportunities for developing a smart city? This paper aims to answer these questions by developing a conceptual framework for smart cities. The framework is then applied to the city of Gold Coast to identify challenges and opportunities for developing the city into a ‘smart city’. Gold Coast is a popular tourist city of about 600,000 populations in South East Queensland, Australia, at the southern end of the 240km long coastal conurbation that is centred by Brisbane. Recently, IBM has nominated Gold Coast as one of the three cities in Australia for its Smarter Cities Challenge Grant. The grant will provide the Gold Coast City Council with the opportunity to collaborate with a group of experts from IBM to develop strategies for enhancing its ICT arrangements for disaster response capabilities. Gold Coast, meanwhile, has potential to diversify its economy from being centred on tourism to a knowledge economy with focus on its educational institutions, investments in cultural precincts and high quality lifestyle amenities. These provide a unique opportunity for building Gold Coast as an important smart city in the region. As part of the research methodology, the paper will review relevant policies of the council. Finally, lessons will be drawn from the case study for other cities which seek to establish themselves as smart cities

Exploring the interplay between urban governance and smart services codesign

The large spreading of e-democracy and e-participatory tools and environments showed, and is still showing, that technologies offer new direction for dealing with the challenge of scaling the deliberative democracy perspective up to the urban governance scale. The recent growth of Urban Living Labs and Human Smart City initiatives is disclosing a promising bridge between the micro-scale of decision and the mechanisms of urban governance. In coherence with these perspectives, the article reports on the interplay between urban governance and the co-design of smart services in urban transformation as it has been observed and analysed in the two European research projects Periphèria and MyNeinghbourhood. The article also discusses the value of service codesign as a strategic practice to experiment new participatory governance in smart cities

Playful and creative ICT pedagogical framing : A nursery school case study

This article reports on the findings of a one-year qualitative study in which a nursery school used information and communication technology (ICT) and a digital media consultant as a catalyst for cultural change leading to teachers’ improved pedagogical framing and children’s enhanced learning dispositions. The pedagogic framing included the children making mini-movies and avatars which were uploaded onto the nursery website. It is argued that such innovative and creative ICT pedagogy was strongly motivational and afforded opportunities for coconstruction and sustained shared thinking (SST) as it engaged with children’s and families’ digital cultural habitus. The research reports on field notes, interviews and observations (n ¼ 15) of child peer interactions and teacher child interactions

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An American prototopia: or Peachtree City as an inadvertent, sustainable solution to urban sprawl

Peachtree City is a city with a secondary transportation network, known as the path system. This paperseeks to determine why the path system is so successful and whether there are fundamental spatial,configurational properties which underpin its achievement. This paper examines the axial-line network ofpaths as a distinct network then as part of the larger, combined system of both paths and roads.The finding of this paper is that the cart path system, although unintelligible in its own right, serves thepurpose of reducing the overall number of cul-de-sacs in the city whilst increasing its axial ringiness. Anew measure for calculating the spatial signature of sprawl is suggested - the proportion and distribution ofcircuit lengths in the axial map. The paper continues by discussing the social, economic and environmentalbenefits of the path system, with the proviso that these benefits arise only from a successful system and thata partial factor contributing to this must be the spatial regularities revealed in the axial analyses. It concludsby suggesting that without the cart path system, Peachtree City would consist of nothing more thanaggregations of typical suburban developments with one or two primary road-entrances accessed fromarterial-roads and containing a high ratio of cul-de-sacs.This paper concludes by suggesting how Peachtree City could be held to be the blue-print of a ?protopia?,presenting a principle by which American suburbia could be transformed into sustainable communities andyet do so in a manner which would be distinctly American in character and hence palatable to its residentsunlike many current, public-transport focused proposals

Our common estate: Planning for land in large-scale urban development

This paper explores the role that land plays in the process of large-scale urban development, with a particular focus on England. In doing so, it looks at the role that both strategic and non-strategic land can play in the process. It considers the current context and identifies the need for new development models to come forward. The paper proposes one means by which public-sector land, a ‘common estate’ to the extent that assets are held indivisibly by various public-sector organisations for the provision of goods and services, could be better deployed to help address the housing delivery challenges faced

City of the Future Ludwigsburg: Co-Creation in Urban Development Processes

In the face of the trend towards digitization, the consensus that successful urban solutions shall collectively be conceived and developed as a societal task is becoming increasingly present (Sørensen & Torfing, 2016). As we cannot elude the digitization of our built surroundings and everyday lives, we can make use of technology in a way that cities become more livable for the individual and address overarching goals such as sustainability and resilience. In addition to a variety of conventional and innovative participation methods, digital tools create options for integrating local actors into decision-making and implementation processes relevant to urban development. But what do new integrated approaches look like? How is it ensured that the impulses of a heterogeneous stakeholder landscape are equally respected? And how can cities commit to incorporating the results created in open ideation processes within traditional urban planning? In order to develop new and successful solutions to existing problems, co-creation focuses on the cooperation of transdisciplinary actors who jointly address challenges in a "process of creation" (Dörk & Monteye, 2011). In this context, practical experience is considered as equally valuable as expertise knowledge and specialized skills. Thus, regardless of professional backgrounds, in such a co-creation process solutions are developed at eye level, from the initial idea to the (prototype) implementation. In relation to the wide variety of urban challenges we are currently facing, co-creation approaches offer a new format for stakeholder participation in urban development processes. Moreover, they promise the creation of holistic and sustainable (systems’) solutions with a great innovative potential (Mulder, 2014). This paper is based on the projetct »City of the Future Ludwigsburg« which is funded by the German Ministry of Research and Education (BMBF) as part of the »Flagship Initiative City of the Future«. Within this initiative, local stakeholders, communities, businesses, the creative industries, civil society representatives and the scientific community cooperate in Ludwigsburg in order to implement processes and recommendations for action in Germany’s future cities. As part of the three-phase tendering, in the city of Ludwigsburg the first phase focused on the joint development of a comprehensive concept for the planning and implementation of a sustainable and holistic vision 2030+. Against this background, currently phase two addresses digitization and urban space amongst others by hosting three consecutive events in the so-called »Makeathon« format. They address the future of urban space and urban development with a focus on digital solutions. To carry out these events, a workshop space was implemented which is called »urban laboratory« (Stadtlabor). Within this lab innovative ideas and possible measures for "upgrading" public space are identified and evaluated with regard to their overall benefits and their potential to improve their quality (Stadtverwaltung Ludwigsburg, 2018). The aim of the joint research project between Fraunhofer IAO and the city of Ludwigsburg is to test the structured co-creation process as a new governance format. Thus, impulses with regards to content and processes can be given for the city administration and politics, that flow into strategies as well as plans

Design and Social Innovation for the Development of Human Smart Cities

Urban transformation is widely recognized as a complex phenomenon, rich in uncertainty. It is the unpredictable consequence of complex interplay between urban forces (both top-down or bottom-up), urban resources (spatial, social, economic and infrastructural as well as political or cognitive) and transformation opportunities (endogenous or exogenous). The recent attention to Urban Living Lab and Human Smart City initiatives is disclosing a promising bridge between the micro-scale environments and dynamics of such forces and resources and the urban governance mechanisms. This bridge is represented by those urban collaborative ecosystems, where processes of smart service co-design take place through dialogic interaction with and among citizens within a situated and cultural-specific frame. As a response to new emerging needs and ways of generating value, during the last decades the design discipline - traditionally bound to the development of tangible artefacts - has expanded its focus on intangible artefacts such as signs, interactions, processes, and services. In this framework design is orienting its theories and practices towards a different object, putting people at the centre of the smartness of cities by recognizing the need of developing sustainable, micro and contextualized solutions that could eventfully be scaled up to achieve larger social impacts (Murray, Caulier- Grice and Mulgan, 2010). The Human Smart City paradigm (Concilio, Deserti and Rizzo, 2014) relies on the capability of the cities to realize and scale up services more sustainable because collaborative in nature based on anthropocentric networks that support the emergence of new typologies of partnerships of actors interested to solve some unmet societal problem. The paper presents this vision by discussing the results of a long-term experimentation conducted in the city of Milano under the framework of the My Neighbourhood European project