Optimal ordering policy with non- increasing demand for time dependent deterioration under fixed life time production and permissible delay in payments

Most of the items in the universe deteriorate over time. Many items such as pharmaceuticals, high tech products and readymade food products also have their expiration dates. This paper developes an economic order quantity model for retailer in which demand rate is linearly time dependent and non increasing function of time, deterioration rate is time dependent having expiration dates under trade credits..We then show that the total average cost is sensitive with respect to the key parameters. Furthermore, we discuss several sub- special cases. Finally, numerical examples and sensitivity analysis is provided to illustrate the results. Mathematica 5.2 software is used to find numerical results

Responsible Inventory Models for Operation and Logistics Management

The industrialization and the subsequent economic development occurred in the last century have led industrialized societies to pursue increasingly higher economic and financial goals, laying temporarily aside the safeguard of the environment and the defense of human health. However, over the last decade, modern societies have begun to reconsider the importance of social and environmental issues nearby the economic and financial goals. In the real industrial environment as well as in today research activities, new concepts have been introduced, such as sustainable development (SD), green supply chain and ergonomics of the workplace. The notion of “triple bottom line” (3BL) accounting has become increasingly important in industrial management over the last few years (Norman and MacDonald, 2004). The main idea behind the 3BL paradigm is that companies’ ultimate success should not be measured only by the traditional financial results, but also by their ethical and environmental performances. Social and environmental responsibility is essential because a healthy society cannot be achieved and maintained if the population is in poor health. The increasing interest in sustainable development spurs companies and researchers to treat operations management and logistics decisions as a whole by integrating economic, environmental, and social goals (Bouchery et al., 2012). Because of the wideness of the field under consideration, this Ph.D. thesis focuses on a restricted selection of topics, that is Inventory Management and in particular the Lot Sizing problem. The lot sizing problem is undoubtedly one of the most traditional operations management interests, so much so that the first research about lot sizing has been faced more than one century ago (Harris, 1913). The main objectives of this thesis are listed below: 1) The study and the detailed analysis of the existing literature concerning Inventory Management and Lot Sizing, supporting the management of production and logistics activities. In particular, this thesis aims to highlight the different factors and decision-making approaches behind the existing models in the literature. Moreover, it develops a conceptual framework identifying the associated sub-problems, the decision variables and the sources of sustainable achievement in the logistics decisions. The last part of the literature analysis outlines the requirements for future researches. 2) The development of new computational models supporting the Inventory Management and Sustainable Lot Sizing. As a result, an integrated methodological procedure has been developed by making a complete mathematical modeling of the Sustainable Lot Sizing problem. Such a method has been properly validated with data derived from real cases. 3) Understanding and applying the multi-objective optimization techniques, in order to analyze the economic, environmental and social impacts derived from choices concerning the supply, transport and management of incoming materials to a production system. 4) The analysis of the feasibility and convenience of governmental systems of incentives to promote the reduction of emissions owing to the procurement and storage of purchasing materials. A new method based on the multi-objective theory is presented by applying the models developed and by conducting a sensitivity analysis. This method is able to quantify the effectiveness of carbon reduction incentives on varying the input parameters of the problem. 5) Extending the method developed in the first part of the research for the “Single-buyer” case in a "multi-buyer" optics, by introducing the possibility of Horizontal Cooperation. A kind of cooperation among companies in different stages of the purchasing and transportation of raw materials and components on a global scale is the Haulage Sharing approach which is here taken into consideration in depth. This research was supported by a fruitful collaboration with Prof. Robert W. Grubbström (University of Linkoping, Sweden) and its aim has been from the beginning to make a breakthrough both in the theoretical basis concerning sustainable Lot Sizing, and in the subsequent practical application in today industrial contexts

Rješavanje problema minimizacije troškova u slučaju Cobb – Douglasove funkcije proizvodnje bez upotrebe derivacija

In this paper, we propose a new original method to solve the production cost minimization problem with Cobb-Douglas production function by using the weighted arithmetic-geometric-mean inequality (weighted AM-GM inequality). Instead of using derivatives or the Lagrange multiplier method, the minimum costs and global minimizers in the case of the Cobb-Douglas production function are derived in the direct way. The result is first derived for the case of two inputs and then generalized for the problem with n inputs.U ovom radu predložena je nova, originalna metoda za rješavanje problema minimizacije troškova u slučaju Cobb – Douglasove funkcije proizvodnje upotrebom težinske nejednakosti između aritmetičke i geometrijske sredine (težinska AG nejednakost). Umjesto upotrebe derivacija ili metode Lagrangeovog množitelja, vrijednost minimalnih troškova u slučaju Cobb – Douglasove funkcije proizvodnje, te vrijednosti u kojima se ti troškovi postižu, izvedeni su na izravan način. Rezultat je najprije pokazan u slučaju dva inputa, a potom je generaliziran na slučaj od n inputa

Stok kontrolü ve ekonomik sipariş miktarı modellerinde yeni açılımlar: ödemelerde gecikmeye izin verilmesi durumu ve bir model önerisi

Stok kontrol modelleri, talebin kesin olarak bilinip bilinememesine göre deterministik ve olasılıklı modeller olarak ikiye ayrılmaktadır. Deterministik stok kontrol modelleri arasında en yaygın kullanılan modeller Klasik Ekonomik Sipariş ve Üretim Miktarı Modelleridir. Bu modellerde ele alınan varsayımların çoğu, gerçek hayatta geçerli olabilen değişik durumları veya içinde bulunulan ekonomik koşulları dikkate almamaktadır. Dolayısıyla, sözü edilen varsayımların gevşetilmesi veya ek yeni varsayımlar yardımıyla, gerçek yaşamla daha tutarlı ve geçerli ekonomik koşulları dikkate alan yeni modeller üretilmiştir. Örneğin, stoksuzluk, öğrenme, enflasyon ve paranın zaman değeri etkileri, stoktaki ürünlerin zamanla bozulması, kusurlu ürün, ödemelerde gecikmeye izin verilmesi gibi yeni açılımlar, bu alanda geniş bir çalışma yelpazesi oluşmasını sağlamıştır. Bu çalışmada, klasik ekonomik sipariş miktarı modellerinde geçerli olan varsayımlardan bazıları gevşetilerek gelen siparişlerin belli bir oranda kusurlu ürün içerdiği, stoksuzluğa ve ödemelerde belli bir süre gecikmeye izin verildiği durum için yeni bir ekonomik sipariş miktarı modeli elde edilmektedir. Modelde, ödemelerde izin verilen gecikme süresinin iki farklı durumu için optimal değerler ile izin verilen gecikme süresi ve kusurlu ürün oranı arasındaki ilişkiler belirlenmektedir. Ayrıca, geliştirilen model için sayısal örnekler verilmekte ve izin verilen gecikme süresi ve kusurlu ürün oranındaki değişimlerin etkileri duyarlılık analizi ile incelenmektedir. Yapılan analizler sonucu ödemelerde izin verilen gecikme süresi arttıkça sipariş miktarının azaldığı toplam karın ise azaldığı görülmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Ekonomik Sipariş Miktarı, Kusurlu Ürün, Ödemelerde Gecikmeye İzin Verilmesi, Stoksuzluk.\ud Inventory control models are classified as deterministic and stochastic models upon the condition that the demand is definitely known, or not. Economic Order and Production Quantity models are among the most widely used techniques in deterministic inventory control models. As a result of many unrealistic assumptions embedded in these models, some real life situations and current economic circumstances are not considered. Therefore, by loosening these assumptions and introducing some extra hypotheses, many new models consistent with real life and consider current economic conditions were developed. A vast literature has occurred under these conditions which are known as new approaches such as shortage, effect of learning, inflation and time value of money, deterioration, defective items and permissible delay in payment. In this study, a new model is proposed in the case of defective items, permissible delay in payments and shortage by loosening some of the assumptions of classical Economic Order Quantity models. For two case of permissible delay in payments, the relationships between permissible delay time, rate of defective item and optimal values are determined. Furthermore, numerical examples are given and analyzed for the developed model. Changes in the optimal values with respect to the rate of defective item and permissible delay in payments are analyzed with sensitivity analysis. Result of the analysis show that while permissible delay of payment increases order quantity decreases and total profit increases. However when rate of defective items increases order quantity increases and total profit decreases. Keywords: Economic Order Quantity, Defective Items, Permissible Delay in Payments, Shortag

Supply Chain

Traditionally supply chain management has meant factories, assembly lines, warehouses, transportation vehicles, and time sheets. Modern supply chain management is a highly complex, multidimensional problem set with virtually endless number of variables for optimization. An Internet enabled supply chain may have just-in-time delivery, precise inventory visibility, and up-to-the-minute distribution-tracking capabilities. Technology advances have enabled supply chains to become strategic weapons that can help avoid disasters, lower costs, and make money. From internal enterprise processes to external business transactions with suppliers, transporters, channels and end-users marks the wide range of challenges researchers have to handle. The aim of this book is at revealing and illustrating this diversity in terms of scientific and theoretical fundamentals, prevailing concepts as well as current practical applications

Working Capital Management of Fertilizer Industry of Gujarat

Not availabl

[[alternative]]The Eoq with Defective Items and Partially Permissible Delay in Payments Linked to Order Quantity Derived Algebraically

計畫編號：NSC99-2221-E032-023研究期間：201008~201107研究經費：515,000[[sponsorship]]行政院國家科學委員