Performance measurement system and managerial performance in response to public sector change: the moderating effects of perceived readiness for change / Nazirah Aziz

The Government Transformation Program (GTP) has been established in 2009 in an effort to improve performance of public sector organizations, which include improvement in managerial performance. This study views the GTP as the change program initiated by the government to improve performance and service delivery towards the public at large. The present study asserts the significance of inculcating managers' Perceived Readiness for Change (PRC) in the study of Performance Measurement System (PMS) towards improving public sector performance. So far, however, there has been little discussion on the role of PRC in enhancing the relationship between PMS and managerial performance. The present study explores the pattern (based on the response pattern of respondents on the Person-Item Distribution Map of Rasch Analysis) of managerial performance, PMS and PRC after the implementation of GTP. The present study also investigates the relationship between PMS and PRC on the managerial performance. This study also examines the role of PRC in moderating the relationship between PMS and managerial performance. A mix method approach using the survey with follow-up interviews was employed to achieve the research objectives. The survey for this study was conducted over five ministries directly working with the National Key Results Areas (NKRAs), as the NKRAs are the main indicators of GTP. Rasch Measurement Model and [email protected], SPSS version 21 and PROCESS analysis were used to analyze the data. Findings suggest that public sector managers can be classified into four groups, in accordance to their ability in performing managerial tasks. The present study indicates that the measurement of managers' responses towards managerial performance, PMS and PRC can be precisely measured using the Rasch probabilistic model. Analysis of multiple linear regression indicates that all three components of PMS: comprehensive PMS, the extent use of PMS and the attitude towards KPI have positive significant effects on managerial performance, On the other hand , the present study found that two out of five components of PRC : human resource competency and employee participation have significant positive effects on managerial performance, Further analysis to test the moderating effects of PRC indicators on the relationship between PMS and managerial performance revealed that three components of PRC: commitment of senior management, support from immediate managers, and communication of change have significant moderating effects on the relationship between PMS and managerial performance, Findings from interviews also suggested the policy makers to provide adequate information about change, encourage participation during the change process and to improve the leadership skills among senior managers in order to improve managers' PRC. In addition, the respondents also highlighted the importance of rewards and training in order to improve the managerial performance

The New “Selective Diplomacy” of the People’s Republic of China: towards a “partial” interference in global affairs?

Rozdział z: The Quandaries and Foreign Development, ed. D. Mierzejewski, “Contemporary Asian Studies Series

How Women Have Fared with the Rise of the People\u27s Republic of China in Global Supply Chain Trade

Global supply chain (GSC) trade has been a driving force underlying economic transformation, urbanization, and social change in the People’s Republic of China (PRC). Female migrants account for a large share of the labor force in the country’s GSC production base. Using province-level panel data, this study employs regression analysis to examine how the country’s rapid integration into the supply chain has affected women’s welfare outcomes captured by occupational status. The analysis shows mixed results. On the one hand, global integration through trade expansion improved the concentration of men and women equally in professional and skilled occupations and in management positions. On the other hand, female employment in manufacturing for GSC trade increased faster than male employment. This trend decreased in turn the male–female sex ratio among those aged 0–4 years. This finding is consistent with other studies on the PRC that confirm the beneficial effect of a relative rise in women’s income in reducing the sex imbalance. Gender-specific policies should support female migrants in moving up the job ladder in GSC trade through higher education and skills training for professional and leadership positions. This should be complemented with incentives for the private sector—the biggest source of employment in the PRC—to promote gender equality by harnessing the advancement in technology and opportunities offered by the rapid growth of GSC trade

Foundations of Collective Action in Asia: Theory and Practice of Regional Cooperation

This paper argues that the collective action in Asia by its regional organizations has historically suffered from a “capability–legitimacy gap”: a disjuncture between the capability (in terms of material resources) of major Asian powers to lead regional cooperation on the one hand and their political legitimacy and will as regional leaders on the other. Successful collective action requires leadership with both capability (as suggested by rationalist theories) and legitimacy (as suggested by constructivist approaches). A central point of the paper is that the putative or aspiring leaders of Asian regionalism throughout the post-war period never had both.asian regionalism; regional cooperation; asian regional cooperation

Is there Space for "Genuine Autonomy" for Tibetan Areas in the PRC's System of Nationalities Regional Autonomy?

This article considers whether room exists within the current system of nationalities regional autonomy (NRA) in China to accommodate Tibetan aspirations for "genuine autonomy" under the People's Republic of China (PRC) sovereignty. It examines the legal framework for NRA in China, as well as Chinese government policy and practice toward autonomous areas, in terms of the limitations and possibilities they imply for realizing Tibetan aspirations for autonomy, highlighting specific areas of concern, opportunities and constraints. It explores the development of political and legal approaches toward autonomy since the 1930s, the nature of the current framework and how recent legal and political developments interact with that framework. It looks at options for autonomy under the Chinese Constitution and national legislation, particularly the self-government of nationality (minority) autonomous areas as well as Article 31 of the Constitution which has provided the basis for the establishment of special administrative regions (SARs). Since autonomous areas also exercise the general powers of local governments in the PRC, it describes the general system of local government at the provincial and lower administrative levels. The article examines the practical implementation and operation of minority autonomy and SARs including the apparent gap between law and practice. In particular, special attention is paid to the role of the Chinese Communist Party and its officials which have a significant impact on the exercise of state powers. It concludes that there are formidable obstacles to the autonomy that Tibetans seek in order to preserve their culture, values and identity. © Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, 2010.postprin

Ping-Pong Diplomacy and its Legacy in the American Foreign Policy

The aim of the paper is to investigate ping-pong diplomacy between the Unites States and China, which was used by both countries as a diplomatic tool, aimed at achieving political rapprochement despite ideological dissonance and conflict over Taiwan. Both governments were seeking a way to establish closer relations but the circumstances prevented them from traditional diplomatic contacts. Sports exchange proved to be a convenient solution. In the paper the Author attempts to verify a hypothesis on a subsequent legacy of the ping-pong diplomacy in American foreign policy. The study allowed to determine reasons for the need to employ sport in order to establish closer relations between two hostile actors of international relations. It is an attempt to answer a question concerning the intentional or coincidental character of the analysed sports exchange. The paper is an empirical case study on one of the prime examples of positive sports diplomacy and was conducted with the use of decision-making.The project has been financed by National Science Centre (Poland), grant no. 2015/19/D/ HS5/00513

Religious policy and state control in Tibet : Scottish Parliament cross-party group on Tibet, briefing paper 3

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