DaF (L3) via Englisch (L2) in Japan (L1): Attraktivitätsfaktoren und Erfolgsgaranten beim Deutschlernen in Japan

Dieser Beitrag versteht sich als Plädoyer für L2—i.d.R. Englisch—als Eselsbrückensprache im universitären L3 DaF-Unterricht in Japan, und zwar immer dort und dann, wenn L2-Vorwissen den Deutschlernenden den L3-Zugang und das -Verständnis erleichtert. Dabei geht es keineswegs darum, "isolierte Sprachbrocken aus dem Englischen als Verstehensinseln zu nutzen", sondern im Sinne einer systematisierten Mehrsprachendidatik aufgrund vorgängiger Spracherfahrungen synergetische Lerneffekte zu schaffen (Krumm 2003: 47; s. Literaturverzeichnis am Ende des Beitrags). Nicht minder wichtig für einen u.a. Attraktivitätszuwachs des DaF-Unterrichts in Japan— und anderswo—erachte ich die das Rollenverständnis der Lehrkraft sowie die jeweils praktizierte Fremdsprachenlehrmethode. Da es aufgrund der geographischen Ferne des Zielsprachenlandes außerhalb des DaF-Unterrichts zwangsläufig an entsprechender Immersion im Lernerland mangelt, muss der deutsche Sprechanteil der Lerner im Unterricht erhöht werden. Dazu prädestiniert ist m.E. Jean-Pol Martins in höchstem Maße lernerinvolvierendes Lernen-durch-Lehren, das den Redeanteil der Lerner auf 80 Prozent zu steigern imstande ist, bei gleichzeitiger Reduzierung dessen der Lehrkraft auf 20 Prozent. Dass dies mit einer Neudefinierung der Lehrerrolle einhergeht, ist offensichtlich

Transkulturelle Verflechtungsprozesse in der Vormoderne

Pre-Modern Europe`s diverse ethnic and religious groups were in continuous contact with each other and also with "cultures" beyond Europe. This collected volume analyzes these reciprocal exchange processes, taking into consideration connections between Christians, Jews, and Moslems as well as relationships between Western Europe, the Byzantine Empire, the Near East, and India

Combating the Hydra: Violence and Resistance in the Habsburg Empire, 1500–1900

Combating the Hydra explores structural as well as occasion-specific state violence committed by the early modern Habsburg Empire. The book depicts and analyzes attacks on marginalized people “maladjusted” of all sorts, women “of ill repute,” “heretic” Protestants, and “Gypsies.” Previously uncharted archival records reveal the use of arbitrary imprisonment, coerced labor, and deportation. The case studies presented provide insights into the origins of modern state power from varied techniques of population control, but are also an investigation of resistance against oppression, persecution, and life-threatening assaults. The spectrum of fights against debasement is a touching attestation of the humanity of the outcasts; they range from mental and emotional perseverance to counterviolence. A conversation with the eminent historian Carlo Ginzburg concludes the collection by asking about the importance of memorizing horrors of the past.https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/ces/1002/thumbnail.jp

Byzantium, Pliska, and the Balkans

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Operatic Pasticcios in 18th-Century Europe

In Early Modern times, techniques of assembling, compiling and arranging pre-existing material were part of the established working methods in many arts. In the world of 18th-century opera, such practices ensured that operas could become a commercial success because the substitution or compilation of arias fitting the singer's abilities proved the best recipe for fulfilling the expectations of audiences. Known as »pasticcios« since the 18th-century, these operas have long been considered inferior patchwork. The volume collects essays that reconsider the pasticcio, contextualize it, define its preconditions, look at its material aspects and uncover its aesthetical principles

Operatic Pasticcios in 18th-Century Europe: Contexts, Materials and Aesthetics

In Early Modern times, techniques of assembling, compiling and arranging pre-existing material were part of the established working methods in many arts. In the world of 18th-century opera, such practices ensured that operas could become a commercial success because the substitution or compilation of arias fitting the singer's abilities proved the best recipe for fulfilling the expectations of audiences. Known as »pasticcios« since the 18th-century, these operas have long been considered inferior patchwork. The volume collects essays that reconsider the pasticcio, contextualize it, define its preconditions, look at its material aspects and uncover its aesthetical principles

Sound infrastructures of the German Democratic Republic: renewing sound technology during state socialism

This thesis analyses the German Democratic Republic’s (GDR) efforts to create and maintain modern sound technology infrastructures to deliver culture to its citizens. Analyses of GDR heavy and hi-tech industries and the state’s cultural policies have been key to understanding how state socialism functioned and how it interacted with the world beyond its borders. However, while the intersection of the technological and cultural spheres was no less integral to state socialism, it has been less well served in academic discourse. Tracking the development and application of sound technology in the GDR from the immediate post-war period to the state’s eventual demise uncovers revealing narratives of perpetual change across the GDR’s nationalised broadcasting and recording industries, provoked by unique political, economic and technological convergences. The technological infrastructures that supported cultural media in the GDR were initially restored from the remnants of pre-war structures, but technological developments in the West brought rapid transformation.The mid- to late-1950s were particularly convulsive as the GDR weathered the loss of its main radio broadcasting centre to Western encirclement and the gramophone record industry collapsed due to the arrival of the vinyl record. The infrastructures that emerged from this period synthesised established commercial and sound technology practices with new ideological priorities, tempered by material and economic limitations. These new infrastructures had substantial success over their lifetimes, but were also vulnerable to the deficiencies of the wider GDR economy. Interactions between the GDR and both Eastern Bloc and Western sound industries were thus critical to the survival of the GDR’s native industries. GDR institutions consistently attempted to negotiate and improve their own capabilities while leveraging their strengths to develop commercial relationships that could compensate for areas of comparative weakness. A period of relative technological stability from the 1960s to the late 1970s led into another period of technological upheaval as microelectronics and digital technologies were integrated into sound technologies. A long-term project to develop digital sound technology confirms many criticisms of the GDR’s straitened electronics industry, but also indicates how the GDR had workable plans to maintain its sound infrastructures into the next century. This thesis uses representative case studies taken from some of the most tumultuous periods of the GDR’s existence to demonstrate how ideology and technology became entwined in the GDR’s sound infrastructures. It relies on the records and writings of sound technicians and audio institution administrators to relay how well-understood forces in the GDR’s history materially impacted diverse areas of sound technology development and implementation. It also demonstrates how the continuous renewal and re-conceiving of sound-related practices, facilities and technologies in the GDR mingled with the state’s economic situation, Cold War political factors and socialist ideologies concerning culture and technology to produce unique technical outcomes