Analyzing helicopter evasive maneuver effectiveness against rocket-propelled grenades

It has long been acknowledged that military helicopters are vulnerable to ground-launched threats, in particular, the RPG-7 rocket-propelled grenade. Current helicopter threat mitigation strategies rely on a combination of operational tactics and selectively placed armor plating, which can help to mitigate but not entirely remove the threat. However, in recent years, a number of active protection systems designed to protect land-based vehicles from rocket and missile fire have been developed. These systems all use a sensor suite to detect, track, and predict the threat trajectory, which is then employed in the computation of an intercept trajectory for a defensive kill mechanism. Although a complete active protection system in its current form is unsuitable for helicopters, in this paper, it is assumed that the active protection system’s track and threat trajectory prediction subsystem could be used offline as a tool to develop tactics and techniques to counter the threat from rocket-propelled grenade attacks. It is further proposed that such a maneuver can be found by solving a pursuit–evasion differential game. Because the first stage in solving this problem is developing the capability to evaluate the game, nonlinear dynamic and spatial models for a helicopter, RPG-7 round, and gunner, and evasion strategies were developed and integrated into a new simulation engine. Analysis of the results from representative vignettes demonstrates that the simulation yields the value of the engagement pursuit–evasion game. It is also shown that, in the majority of cases, survivability can be significantly improved by performing an appropriate evasive maneuver. Consequently, this simulation may be used as an important tool for both designing and evaluating evasive tactics and is the first step in designing a maneuver-based active protection system, leading to improved rotorcraft survivability

Software tools for real-time simulation and control

The objective of this thesis is to design and simulate a multi-agent based energy management system for a shipboard power system in hard real-time environment. The automatic reconfiguration of shipboard power systems is essential to improve survivability. Multi-agent technology is used in designing the reconfigurable energy management system using a self-stabilizing maximum flow algorithm. The agent based energy management system is designed in a Matlab/Simulink environment. Reconfiguration is performed for several situations including start-up, loss of an agent, limited available power, and distribution to priority ranked loads. The number of steps taken to reach the global solution and the time taken are very promising. With the growing importance of timing accuracy in simulating control systems during design and development, there is an increased need for these simulations to run in a real-time environment. This research further focuses on software tools that support hard real-time environment to run real-time simulations. A detailed survey has been conducted on freely available real-time operating systems and other software tools to setup a desktop PC supporting real-time environment. Matlab/Simulink/RTW-RTAI was selected as real-time computer aided control design software for demonstrating real-time simulation of agent based energy management system. The timing accuracy of these simulations has been verified successfully

Spare capacity modelling and its applications in survivable iP-over-optical networks

As the interest in IP-over-optical networks are becoming the preferred core network architecture, survivability has emerged as a major concern for network service providers; a result of the potentially huge traffic volumes that will be supported by optical infrastructure. Therefore, implementing recovery strategies is critical. In addition to the traditional recovery schemes based around protection and restoration mechanisms, pre-allocated restoration represents a potential candidate to effect and maintain network resilience under failure conditions. Preallocated restoration technique is particularly interesting because it provides a trade-off in terms of recovery performance and resources between protection and restoration schemes. In this paper, the pre-allocated restoration performance is investigated under single and dual-link failures considering a distributed GMPLSbased IP/WDM mesh network. Two load-based spare capacity optimisation methods are proposed in this paper; Local Spare Capacity Optimisation (LSCO) and Global Spare Capacity Optimisation (GSCO)

Application of a new multi-agent Hybrid Co-evolution based Particle Swarm Optimisation methodology in ship design

In this paper, a multiple objective 'Hybrid Co-evolution based Particle Swarm Optimisation' methodology (HCPSO) is proposed. This methodology is able to handle multiple objective optimisation problems in the area of ship design, where the simultaneous optimisation of several conflicting objectives is considered. The proposed method is a hybrid technique that merges the features of co-evolution and Nash equilibrium with a ε-disturbance technique to eliminate the stagnation. The method also offers a way to identify an efficient set of Pareto (conflicting) designs and to select a preferred solution amongst these designs. The combination of co-evolution approach and Nash-optima contributes to HCPSO by utilising faster search and evolution characteristics. The design search is performed within a multi-agent design framework to facilitate distributed synchronous cooperation. The most widely used test functions from the formal literature of multiple objectives optimisation are utilised to test the HCPSO. In addition, a real case study, the internal subdivision problem of a ROPAX vessel, is provided to exemplify the applicability of the developed method

Bio-Inspired Mechanism For Securing Distributed Networked Component Based Software

Distributed Networked systems and applications are created by composing a complex set of component-based software. These components are subject to continuous upgrade, replacement, and scaling, and also anomaly attacks. These conditions must be monitored and controlled in order to have these behaviors seem normal and routine. Self-regenerative systems are new and software paradigm in survivable system design. Self-regeneration ensures the property that a system must have and cannot be vulnerable to external factors and fail. In order to establish the utility of self-regenerative capability in design of survivable systems, it is important to ensure that a system satisfying the self-regenerative requirement is survivable. Studies have been carried out to build self-regenerative systems using multi agent paradigm in order to ensure network software survivability, and a secure system. In this thesis, the architecture based on distributed concept and cell regeneration system is presented. To ensure that the system satisfy the self-regenerative requirements, the model support and execute its mission in the presence of attacks, by implementing the multi agent system. The concept of an agent provides a convenient and powerful way to describe a complex software entity that is capable of acting with a certain degree of autonomy in order to accomplish tasks on behalf of its user, multiple agent are implemented for robustness. Our model consists of four agents. The first agent will perform the monitoring and detection of any malicious activities by observing behavior of the attack. The second agent will be activated from the action of replications of the component, and the third agent will carry out the prevention of attack. The fourth provide routing management services. Result has been generated by implementing and developing the four agents as a standalone by JADE (java agent development framework)