30,114 research outputs found

    Desarrollo de papeles biocativos por injerto de moléculas específicas en celulosa

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    Tesis (DCI)--FCEFN-UNC, 2019En la presente tesis se presenta el desarrollo de papeles bioactivos con potencial aplicación en el envasado activo de alimentos. Para tal fin, se propuso el injerto de eugenol, un compuesto de origen natural con propiedades antimicrobiana, antioxidante y repelente de insectos, en celulosa, utilizando ácido policarboxílico como agente ligante. Con el objetivo de evaluar la escalabilidad del proceso propuesto, se estudiaron distintas tecnologías de curado, tales como calentamiento por convección, infrarrojo, microondas y conducción. En todos los casos, se analizaron la influencia de las variables operativas sobre el avance de la reacción y propiedades finales del papel preparado, utilizando un diseño de experimentos Doehlert para elegir las experiencias a realizar, y analizando los resultados mediante metodología de superficie de respuesta y análisis estadístico ANOVA. Se pudo comprobar que la reacción de injerto de eugenol en papel comercial se produjo con éxito en todas las tecnologías estudiadas. Asimismo, se encontraron las condiciones óptimas de reacción para cada una de las tecnologías, para lo cual se buscó un compromiso entre el avance de la reacción y las propiedades finales del material (mecánicas y color). A partir de estas condiciones, se prepararon papeles y se realizó una caracterización más específica para su aplicación como envase de alimentos comparando los papeles modificados con el papel virgen. Se analizaron las propiedades mecánicas por ensayo de tracción, rasgado y punzonado y se midió la absorción de agua y la capacidad de degradación. Por otro lado, las propiedades bioactivas analizadas fueron la actividad antioxidante, antimicrobiana, repelente e insecticida de gorgojos (T. castaneum y R. dominica). Una vez probado que el papel modificado presenta buenas características físicas y bioactivas para su posible aplicación en el envasado de alimentos, se realizaron prototipos de envasado para harina, como alimento representativo de alimentos derivados de cereales, susceptibles al ataque de plagas. En este estudio se analizó la migración de reactivos, propiedades organolépticas y conservación del alimento, arrojando resultados promisorios para la industria de envases de alimentos. Finalmente, se realizó una comparación de las tecnologías de curado ensayadas, analizando diferentes aspectos como avance de reacción, propiedades finales, apariencia, tiempo de reacción, consumo de energía, entre otros, como así también disponibilidad y uso de estas tecnologías a escala industrial, seleccionando la tecnología de conducción como la más adecuada para una propuesta de escalado industrial.Fil: Muratore, Florencia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil: Muratore, Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de Procesos y Química Aplicada; Argentina

    Balancing the urban stomach: public health, food selling and consumption in London, c. 1558-1640

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    Until recently, public health histories have been predominantly shaped by medical and scientific perspectives, to the neglect of their wider social, economic and political contexts. These medically-minded studies have tended to present broad, sweeping narratives of health policy's explicit successes or failures, often focusing on extraordinary periods of epidemic disease viewed from a national context. This approach is problematic, particularly in studies of public health practice prior to 1800. Before the rise of modern scientific medicine, public health policies were more often influenced by shared social, cultural, economic and religious values which favoured maintaining hierarchy, stability and concern for 'the common good'. These values have frequently been overlooked by modern researchers. This has yielded pessimistic assessments of contemporary sanitation, implying that local authorities did not care about or prioritise the health of populations. Overly medicalised perspectives have further restricted historians' investigation and use of source material, their interpretation of multifaceted and sometimes contested cultural practices such as fasting, and their examination of habitual - and not just extraordinary - health actions. These perspectives have encouraged a focus on reactive - rather than preventative - measures. This thesis contributes to a growing body of research that expands our restrictive understandings of pre-modern public health. It focuses on how public health practices were regulated, monitored and expanded in later Tudor and early Stuart London, with a particular focus on consumption and food-selling. Acknowledging the fundamental public health value of maintaining urban foodways, it investigates how contemporaries sought to manage consumption, food production waste, and vending practices in the early modern City's wards and parishes. It delineates the practical and political distinctions between food and medicine, broadly investigates the activities, reputations of and correlations between London's guild and itinerant food vendors and licensed and irregular medical practitioners, traces the directions in which different kinds of public health policy filtered up or down, and explores how policies were enacted at a national and local level. Finally, it compares and contrasts habitual and extraordinary public health regulations, with a particular focus on how perceptions of and actual food shortages, paired with the omnipresent threat of disease, impacted broader aspects of civic life

    South Yorkshire low carbon energy supply chains: insulation sector summary

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    South Yorkshire low carbon energy supply chains: hydrogen sector summary

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    Integrated life-cycle optimisation and supply-side management for building retrofitting

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    Building retrofitting is a powerful approach to enhance building energy performance. The net-zero ambition urges the need to renovate building energy system in view of the life-cycle optimal, to address climate and environmental challenges. Existing retrofitting and optimisation solutions are generally based upon minimising operational energy or cost. However, although building retrofitting can reduce the energy use at the operating phase, additional materials would result in increased embodied energy. The objective of this paper is to devise a novel building retrofitting approach through the integration of life-cycle optimisation and supply-side management. It is an interactive two-set optimisation approach aimed at minimising overall life-cycle energy consumption through determining the optimal design configuration and operating plan of retrofitting energy devices. The essential retrofitting energy devices include passive retrofitting options (i.e., photovoltaic panel and solar thermal collector) and active retrofitting options (i.e., biomass boiler, ground source heat pump, heat storage, electricity storage, and cogeneration system). A modern 3-floor office building in Manchester, the United Kingdom, is adopted to assess the performance of the proposed refurbishment approach. The real-world situation is represented by historical electricity and gas consumption profiles, current building design information, historical weather profile, as well as life-cycle inventory information. The proposed retrofitting optimisation approach can help decision-makers select the optimal retrofitting solution so as to reduce the overall life-cycle energy consumption of office buildings

    Conservation agriculture affects grain and nutrient yields of Maize (Zea Mays L.) and can impact food and nutrition security in Sub-Saharan Africa

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    Maize is a major staple and plays an essential role in food and nutrition security in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Conservation agriculture (CA), a climate-smart agriculture practise based on minimum soil disturbance, crop residue retention, and crop diversification, has been widely advocated but without extensive research on the impact it may have on maize nutrient composition, and food and nutrition security. This study assessed the grain yield, macro- and micronutrient mineral content, and nutrient yield of eight maize varieties grown in Malawi, and how these are affected by CA practises over two seasons. The minerals were analysed by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) coupled to optical emission spectroscopy (OES) and to mass spectroscopy (MS). Grain yield and Se content differed among the varieties, while C, N, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, P, and Zn were similar. The local variety Kanjerenjere showed lowest grain and nutrient yields. The open-pollinated varieties (OPVs) concentrated more minerals than the F1 hybrids, but the latter showed higher yields for both grain and nutrients. Typical consumption of the eight maize varieties could fully meet the protein and Mg dietary reference intake (DRIs) of Malawian children (1–3 years), as well as Mg and Mn needs of adult women (19–50 years), but their contribution to dietary requirements was low for Fe (39–41%) and K (13–21%). The trials showed that CA increased grain yield (1.2- to 1.8-fold) and Se content (1.1- to 1.7-fold), but that it had no effect on C, K, Mg, P, and Zn, and that N (1.1- to 1.2-fold), Mn (1.1- to 1.8-fold), and Fe (1.3- to 3.4-fold) were reduced. The high increase in grain yield under CA treatments resulted in increased yields of protein and Se, no effect on the yields of K, Mg, Mn, P, Zn, and reduced Fe yield. Conservation agriculture could contribute in reducing the risk of Se deficiency in Malawian women and children but exacerbates the risk of Fe deficiency. A combination of strategies will be needed to mitigate some of the foreseen effects of climate change on agriculture, and food and nutrition security, and improve nutrient intake

    Strung pieces: on the aesthetics of television fiction series

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    As layered and long works, television fiction series have aesthetic properties that are built over time, bit by bit. This thesis develops a group of concepts that enable the study of these properties, It argues that a series is made of strung pieces, a system of related elements. The text begins by considering this sequential form within the fields of film and television. This opening chapter defines the object and methodology of research, arguing for a non-essentialist distinction between cinema and television and against the adequacy of textual and contextual analyses as approaches to the aesthetics of these shows. It proposes instead that these programmes should be described as televisual works that can be scrutinised through aesthetic analysis. The next chapters propose a sequence of interrelated concepts. The second chapter contends that series are composed of building blocks that can be either units into which series are divided or motifs that unify series and are dispersed across their pans. These blocks are patterned according to four kinds of relations or principles of composition. Repetition and variation are treated in tandem in the third chapter because of their close connection, given that variation emerges from established repetition. Exception and progression are also discussed together in the fourth chapter since they both require a long view of these serial works. The former, in order to be recognised as a deviation from the patterns of repetition and variation. The latter, In order to be understood in Its many dimensions as the series advances. Each of these concepts is further detailed with additional distinctions between types of units, motifs, repetitions, variations, and exceptions, using illustrative examples from numerous shows. In contrast, the section on progression uses a single series as case study, Carnivàle (2003-05), because this is the overarching principle that encompasses all the others. The conclusion considers the findings of the research and suggests avenues for their application

    Studies of strategic performance management for classical organizations theory & practice

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    Nowadays, the activities of "Performance Management" have spread very broadly in actually every part of business and management. There are numerous practitioners and researchers from very different disciplines, who are involved in exploring the different contents of performance management. In this thesis, some relevant historic developments in performance management are first reviewed. This includes various theories and frameworks of performance management. Then several management science techniques are developed for assessing performance management, including new methods in Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Soft System Methodology (SSM). A theoretical framework for performance management and its practical procedures (five phases) are developed for "classic" organizations using soft system thinking, and the relationship with the existing theories are explored. Eventually these results are applied in three case studies to verify our theoretical development. One of the main contributions of this work is to point out, and to systematically explore the basic idea that the effective forms and structures of performance management for an organization are likely to depend greatly on the organizational configuration, in order to coordinate well with other management activities in the organization, which has seemingly been neglected in the existing literature of performance management research in the sense that there exists little known research that associated particular forms of performance management with the explicit assumptions of organizational configuration. By applying SSM, this thesis logically derives some main functional blocks of performance management in 'classic' organizations and clarifies the relationships between performance management and other management activities. Furthermore, it develops some new tools and procedures, which can hierarchically decompose organizational strategies and produce a practical model of specific implementation steps for "classic" organizations. Our approach integrates popular types of performance management models. Last but not least, this thesis presents findings from three major cases, which are quite different organizations in terms of management styles, ownership, and operating environment, to illustrate the fliexbility of the developed theoretical framework

    Cocreación de rúbricas para potenciar el desarrollo de la capacidad de autogestión del proyecto artístico y su evaluación en un curso de Taller de Proyecto Final Escultura 2 de una universidad privada de Lima

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    Esta investigación busca responder a la siguiente pregunta: ¿De qué manera la cocreación de rúbricas propicia el desarrollo y la autoevaluación de la capacidad de autogestión del proyecto artístico de fin de carrera de los estudiantes de una Facultad de Arte y Diseño en una universidad privada de Lima? El objeto de estudio de la investigación es la implementación de un proyecto de innovación en la docencia universitaria cuyo objetivo principal es desarrollar la capacidad de autogestión del proyecto artístico y su autoevaluación mediante el diseño colaborativo de rúbricas en el curso Taller de Proyecto Final Escultura 2, facilitado a distancia debido a la pandemia de COVID-19. Para ello, se incorpora el enfoque de la evaluación como aprendizaje (Earl, 2003; Western and Northern Canadian Protocol for Collaboration in Education [WNCP], 2006; Dann, 2014) y empoderamiento (Rodríguez-Gómez e Ibarra-Sáiz, 2015), que consiste en guiar y acompañar a los estudiantes en sus propios procesos a través del monitoreo y reflexión crítica realizados por ellos mismos. Con el objetivo de incorporar este enfoque en el desarrollo del proyecto de innovación, se establece una secuencia metodológica para la cocreación de instrumentos de evaluación, tomando como referencia las investigaciones de Fraile et al. (2013), Gámiz-Sánches et al. (2015) y Kilgour et al. (2020). Estos estudios señalan que las dinámicas de cocreación de rúbricas favorecen el involucramiento de los estudiantes en el proceso de evaluación, lo cual fomenta su autorregulación, autonomía y mejora su rendimiento académico. El método empleado es la Investigación-acción (IA) y los instrumentos diseñados para el análisis de resultados son: el diario docente, un cuestionario mixto de tipo panel y una guía de grupo focal aplicada al final del proyecto de innovación. Los resultados evidencian que la cocreación de rúbricas propicia el desarrollo y la autoevaluación de la capacidad de autogestión del proyecto artístico de los estudiantes. Además, el enfoque de la evaluación como aprendizaje favorece su empoderamiento, pues a partir de la cocreación de rúbricas y su posterior aplicación lograron incorporar mecanismos para ajustar y avanzar en la autogestión de sus proyectos de fin de carrera, participando en eventos, concursos y convocatorias de interés.This investigation seeks to answer the following question: In what way does the co-creation of rubrics promote the development and assessment of self-management skills during students' end-of-degree artistic projects in the studio-based course Final Sculpture Project 2 of a private University in Lima? The object of study of this investigation is the implementation of an innovation in higher education teaching which has the development of self-management capabilities of the artistic project and its self-evaluation through the collaborative design of rubrics in the studio-based course Final Sculpture Project 2, facilitated remotely due to the COVID-19 pandemic as the main objective. To this end, two different approaches are incorporated; assessment as learning (Earl, 2003; Western and Northern Canadian Protocol for Collaboration in Education [WNCP], 2006) and empowerment (Rodríguez-Gómez and Ibarra-Sáiz, 2015), which consists of guiding and accompanying the students in their processes through monitoring and critical thinking which are lead by the own students. With the aim of incorporating this approach into the development of an innovation project, a methodological sequence is established for the co-creation of evaluation instruments, taking the research lead by Gámiz-Sánches et al. (2015) and Kilgour et al. (2020) as reference. Both studies indicate that the dynamics involved in the co-creation of rubrics favour the involvement of students in the evaluation process, which encourages their self-regulation, autonomy and improves their academic performance. The method used is that of Action Research (AR) and the instruments designed for the analysis of results are the teaching diary, a mixed panel-type questionnaire and a focus group guide to be applied at the end of the innovation project. The results show that the co-creation of rubrics fosters the development and self-evaluation of the student’s self-management during their artistic project. In addition, the approach to assessment as learning favours their empowerment, since through the co-creation of rubrics and their subsequent application students managed to incorporate mechanisms to adjust to and advance in the self-management of their end-of-degree projects, participating in relevant events, contests and open calls
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