Analysis, Modeling and Neural Network Traction Control of an Electric Vehicle without Differential Gears

International audienceThis paper presents system analysis, modeling and simulation of an EV with two independent rear wheel drives. The traction control system is designed to guarantee the EV dynamics and stability in case of no differential gears. Using two electrics in-wheel motors give the possibility to have a torque and speed control in each wheel. This control level improves the EV stability and the safety. The proposed traction control system uses the vehicle speed, which is different from wheels speed characterized by slip in the driving mode, an input. In this case, a generalized neural network algorithm is proposed to estimate the vehicle speed. In terms of the analysis and the simulations carried out, the conclusion can be drawn that the proposed system is feasible. Simulation results on a test vehicle propelled by two 37-kW induction motors showed that the proposed control approach operates satisfactorily

A Novel Impedance Measurement Technique for Power Electronic Systems

When designing and building power systems that contain power electronic switching sources and loads, system integrators must consider the frequency-dependent impedance characteristics at an interface to ensure system stability. Stability criteria have been developed in terms of source and load impedance for both dc and ac systems and it is often necessary to measure system impedance through experiments. Traditional injection-based impedance measurement techniques require multiple online tests which lead to many disadvantages. The impedance identification method proposed in this paper greatly reduces online test time by modeling the system with recurrent neural networks. The recurrent networks are trained with measured signals from the system with only one injection. The measurement and identification processes for dc and three-phase ac interfaces are developed. Simulation tests demonstrate the effectiveness of this new technique

Recurrent Neural Networks Based Impedance Measurement Technique for Power Electronic Systems

When designing and building power systems that contain power electronic switching sources and loads, system integrators must consider the frequency-dependent impedance characteristics at an interface to ensure system stability. Stability criteria have been developed in terms of source and load impedance, and it is often necessary to measure system impedance through experiments. Traditional injection-based impedance measurement techniques require multiple online testing that lead to many disadvantages, including prolonged test time, operating point variations, and impedance values at limited frequency points. The impedance identification method proposed in this paper greatly reduces online testing time by modeling the system with recurrent neural networks with adequate accuracy. The recurrent networks are trained with measured signals from the system with only one stimulus injection per frequency decade. The measurement and identification processes are developed, and the effectiveness of this new technique is demonstrated by simulation and laboratory tests

Three-Phase Induction Motor Speed Estimation Using Recurrent Neural Network

In induction motor speed control method, the development of the field-oriented control (FOC) algorithm which can control torque and flux separately enables the motor to replace many roles of DC motors. Induction motor speed control can be done by using a close loop system which requires a speed sensor. Referring to the speed sensor weaknesses such as less accurate of the measurement, this is due to the placement of the sensor system that is too far from the control system. Therefore, a speed sensorless method was developed which has various advantages. In this study, the speed sensorless method using an artificial neural network with recurrent neural network (RNN) as speed observer on three-phase induction motor has been discussed. The RNN can maintain steady-state conditions against a well-defined set point speed, so that the observer is able and will be suitable if applied as input control for the motor drives. In this work, the RNN has successfully estimated the rotor flux of the induction motor in MATLAB R2019a simulation as about 0.0004Wb. As based on speed estimation error, the estimator used has produced at about 26.77%, 8.7% and 6.1% for 150rad/s, 200rad/s and 250rad/s respectively. The future work can be developed and improved by creating a prototype system of the induction motor to get more accurate results in real-time of the proposed RNN observer

Modeling, Analysis, and Neural Network Control of an EV Electrical Differential

International audienceThis paper presents system modeling, analysis, and simulation of an electric vehicle (EV) with two independent rear wheel drives. The traction control system is designed to guarantee the EV dynamics and stability when there are no differential gears. Using two in-wheel electricmotorsmakes it possible to have torque and speed control in each wheel. This control level improves EV stability and safety. The proposed traction control system uses the vehicle speed, which is different from wheel speed characterized by a slip in the driving mode, as an input. In this case, a generalized neural network algorithm is proposed to estimate the vehicle speed. The analysis and simulations lead to the conclusion that the proposed system is feasible. Simulation results on a test vehicle propelled by two 37-kW induction motors showed that the proposed control approach operates satisfactorily

İndüksiyon motorlarda yinelemeli YSA tabanlı durum kestirimi

06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.Vektör kontrolü olarak da bilenen alan uyumlu kontrol, yüksek performanslı indüksiyon motor (İM) kontrolü için oldukça kullanışlı bir tekniktir. Alan uyumlu kontrollü sürücülerin kullanıldığı yüksek performanslı İM kontrolünde, rotor akısı, stator akısı ve rotor akımı gibi durum değişkenlerine ihtiyaç duyulur. Özellikle hız sensörsüz İM kontrolünde doğrudan ölçülemeyen rotor akısının kestirimi oldukça önemlidir. Yüksek performanslı kontrol için İM’nin ölçülemeyen durum değişkenlerinin kestiriminin yanı sıra parametre adaptasyonu veya değişen parametrelerinin kestirimi de önem arz etmektedir. Bu tez çalışmasında öncelikle durum değişkenlerini esas alan indüksiyon motorun dq eksen sistemi durum uzayı matematiksel modelleri düzenlenmiştir. Ardından yüksek performanslı alan uyumlu İM kontrolü için uygun durum uzay modellerinin kullanıldığı asimtotik gözlemleyicilere, KF ve GKF algoritmalarına ve Yapay Sinirsel Ağ (YSA) dayalı durum kestirim algoritmaları ayrıntılı olarak ele alınıp değişik çalışma koşulları için incelenmiştir. Özellikle dolaylı alan uyumlu kontrol için önem arz eden rotor akı bileşenlerinin kestirimi için Elman Yapay Sinirsel Ağ (EYSA) ve PI-EYSA’ya dayalı iki yeni kestirim algoritması önerilmiştir. Önerilen algoritmalar ve GKF algoritması değişik çalışma koşulları altında ve farklı dalga biçimli besleme gerilimleri için İM’den elde edilen benzetim ve deneysel çıkış ölçümlerine dayalı çevrim içi ve çevrim dışı olarak ayrı ayrı test edilmiştir. Geliştirilen kestirim algoritmaları ve GKF ile elde edilen kestirim sonuçları birbirleri ve gerçek sonuçlar ile karşılaştırılarak gerekli irdelemeler yapılmıştır.The field oriented control also known as the vector control is a useful highperformance technique to control an induction motor (IM). With high-performance control of IM are used field oriented controlled drives where there are needed state variables as rotor fluxes, stator fluxes and rotor currents to be known. In particular for speed sensorless IM control, estimation of the rotor fluxes that can not be measured directly is very important. For high-performance IM control, estimation of unmeasurable state variables as well as estimation of changing parameters or the parameter adaptation is also of great importance. In this thesis study, state variables of state space mathematical models of the induction motor based on d-q axis system has been organized primarily. After, asymtotic observers, Kalman Filter (KF) and Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) algorithms and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithms based on the state estimation has been investigated for different operating conditions for the high performance field compatible IM control. To estimate the rotor flux components especially for indirect field oriented control there has been proposed two new estimation algorithms based on Elman Artificial Neural Network (ENN) and PIENN. Proposed algorithms and EKF algorithm has been tested separately with online and off-line simulational and experimental IM measurements based on under different working conditions with different waveformed supply voltages. For estimation and actual results obtained by the devoloped algorithms and EKF are compared with each other with making the necessary examinations

A Review of Control Techniques for Wind Energy Conversion System

Wind energy is the most efficient and advanced form of renewable energy (RE) in recent decades, and an effective controller is required to regulate the power generated by wind energy. This study provides an overview of state-of-the-art control strategies for wind energy conversion systems (WECS). Studies on the pitch angle controller, the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller, the machine side controller (MSC), and the grid side controller (GSC) are reviewed and discussed. Related works are analyzed, including evolution, software used, input and output parameters, specifications, merits, and limitations of different control techniques. The analysis shows that better performance can be obtained by the adaptive and soft-computing based pitch angle controller and MPPT controller, the field-oriented control for MSC, and the voltage-oriented control for GSC. This study provides an appropriate benchmark for further wind energy research

Pengaturan Kecepatan Motor Induksi Tanpa Sensor Kecepatan Dengan Metoda Direct Torque Control Menggunakan Observer Recurrent Neural Network

This paper describes about development of sensorless control for three phase induction motor speed which is operated by Direct Torque Control (DTC). Induction motor speed is identified by an Observer. Current supply and Stator Voltage are ruquired by Observer to gain Motor Speed Estimation. Observer for motor speed identification is developed using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Method and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) learning algorithm. The simulation results using MathLab/Simulink show that on PI controller with Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) observer, there are the overshoot 7,0224%, rise time 0,0125 second and settling time 0,364 second with reference speed 77,9743 rad./sec