Pitch Control of DFIG Wind Turbine Based on Fuzzy Logic Controller

With improvement in variable speed system control and design of wind power system, the energy capture of these systems also rising. For enhance the efficiency and performance of wind energy conversion system(WECS),In this paper come up with Pitch angle control of a Doubly FED Induction Generator(DFIG) based wind power system with the objective of maintain constant power with variable wind speed by using fuzzy logic controller. This paper presents principal conversion of wind energy, wind turbine linearization and dynamic modeling are derived.  The fuzzy logic controller is employed for change blade angle of wind turbine and constant power can be achieve. The block diagram of proposed pitch control which consists of pitch controller, actuator model and turbine linearized modeled by using Matlab/Simulink software

SISTEM KONTROL SUDUT PITCH BILAH TURBIN ANGIN MENGGUNAKAN LOGIKA FUZZY UNTUK VARIABLE SPEED VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINE (VAWT)

VAWT (Vertical Axis Wind Turbine) is a turbine that has an upright mechanical structure with its blades rotating toward a perpendicular z-axis. Based on the experimental results, it is found that there is a relationship between the rotational speed of turbine that rotates generator with the output voltage and power. Thus, it is necessary to control the wind turbine speed so it can rotate according to the set point to be achieved. The contribution of this research is the development of a Fuzzy logic-based control system to control the speed of VAWT turbine where the speed of turbine is used as feedback. To design a Fuzzy rule base, the characteristics of the wind turbine’s response to wind speed are investigated first. Then Fuzzy logic-based controller is created and implemented. To test the effectiveness of the Fuzzy controller made, the implementation is carried out on a VAWT turbine while the simulation is applied to PMSG model using wind turbine through Simulink/Matlab. Based on simulation and experiment results, the performance of the control system using Integral Absolute Error (IAE) for each turbine speed set point value (35, 45, 85, and 100 RPM), it is found that for a small set point value, the IAE value will be larger than higher setpoints. The percentage of the average IAE value for the simulation is 10.25% higher than the experiment. It further shows that the control turbine speed at low speeds is relatively more difficult than at higher speeds.Turbin angin sumbu vertikal atau VAWT (Vertical Axis Wind Turbine) merupakan turbin angin yang memiliki struktur mekanik tegak ke atas dengan bilah-bilah turbin yang berputar terhadap sumbu-z tegak lurus. Berdasark an hasil eksperimen diperoleh bahwa terdapat hubungan antara kecepatan putaran turbin yang memutar generator dengan keluaran tegangan dan daya yang dihasilkan, sehingga diperlukan upaya mengendalikan kecepatan turbin angin agar dapat berputar sesuai setpoin yang ingin dicapai. Kontribusi dari penelitian ini berupa pengembangan sistem kontrol berbasis logika Fuzzy untuk mengendalikan kecepatan turbin VAWT dengan hanya menggunakan umpan balik berupa kecepatan turbin angin. Hal ini berbeda dengan penelitian sebelumnya dimana kecepatan angin dan keluaran daya dijadikan sebagai umpan balik. Untuk mengetahui karakteristik dari kecepatan turbin dan keluaran tegangan, serta hubungan antara kecepatan turbin dan kecepatan angin dengan variasi sudut pitch bilah, maka pengujian dilakukan dalam skala laboratorium dengan menggunakan blower. Untuk merancang rule base (aturan) Fuzzy, maka karakteristik dari respon turbin angin terhadap kecepatan angin diteliti terlebih dahulu. Kemudian kontroller berbasis logika Fuzzy dibuat dan diimplementasikan. Untuk menguji efektivitas kontroller Fuzzy yang dibuat, maka implementasi dilakukan pada turbin VAWT sedangkan simulasi diterapkan pada model PMSG turbin angin melalui Simulink/Matlab. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian melalui simulasi dan eksperimen dengan mengukur kinerja respon sistem kontrol menggunakan Integral Absolut Error (IAE) untuk masing-masing nilai setpoin kecepatan turbin (35, 45, 85, dan 100 RPM) diperoleh bahwa untuk nilai setpoin kecil maka nilai IAE akan semakin besar dibandingkan setpoin yang lebih tinggi. Persentase nilai rata-rata IAE untuk simulasi adalah 10,25% lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan eksperimen. Hal ini kemudian menunjukkan bahwa pengendalian kecepatan turbin pada kecepatan rendah relatif lebih sulit dibandingkan dengan kecepatan turbin lebih tinggi

Intelligent fuzzy logic controller for improved power extraction of micro wind turbines

Wind turbines are one of the fastest growing forms of renewable energy. The amount of power a wind turbine extracts from the incoming wind is dependent on the rotational speed and for every wind speed there is an optimal rotational speed that will extract the most amount of power from the incoming wind. Large wind turbines incorporate active control techniques whereas micro wind turbines incorporate passive control techniques with the disadvantage of lower efficiency in controlling the rotational speed and therefore a lower amount of power can be extracted. This paper proposes the development of a new control method that alters the rotational speed of a micro wind turbine in order to improve the power extraction from the incoming wind. This was done by using a DC-DC boost converter controlled by an intelligent fuzzy logic controller on the output of the generator. The controller is also unique, since it only requires the rotational speed and power output of the wind turbine generator, therefore eliminating the difficulties in obtaining the exact wind speed due to the wake effect of the wind turbine tower, whereas the majority of controllers currently in use require the wind speed. The required change in the duty cycle of the DC-DC boost converter is determined by the controller which in turn controls the electromechanical torque of the generator. The design was simulated in Matlab®/Simulink® and practically implemented using Control Desk® and a dSPACE® DS1104 controller board on a 1 kW micro wind turbine generator. Both the simulation and experimental results indicate an improvement in the amount of power extracted by the micro wind turbine generator incorporating the controller, especially during high wind speeds

Pitch Control of Wind Turbine through PID, Fuzzy and adaptive Fuzzy-PID controllers

As the penetration of the wind energy into the electrical power grid is extensively increased, the influence of the wind turbine systems on the frequency and voltage stability becomes more and more significant. Wind turbine rotor bears different types of loads; aerodynamic loads, gravitational loads and centrifugal loads. These loads cause fatigue and vibration in blades, which cause degradation to the rotor blades. These loads can be overcome and the amount of collected power can be controlled using a good pitch controller (PC) which will tune the attack angle of a wind turbine rotor blade into or out of the wind. Each blade is exposed to different loads due to the variation of the wind speed across the rotor blades. For this reason, individual electric drives can be used in future to control the pitch of the blades in a process called Individual Pitch Control. In this thesis work, an enhanced pitch angle control strategy based on fuzzy logic control is proposed to cope with the nonlinear characteristics of wind turbine as well as to reduce the loads on the blades. A mathematical model of wind turbine (pitch control system) is developed and is tested with three controllers -PID, Fuzzy, and Adaptive Fuzzy-PID. After comparing all the three proposed strategies, the simulation results show that the Adaptive Fuzzy-PID controller has the best performance as it regulates the pitch system as well as the disturbances and uncertain factors associated with the system

MPPT control design for variable speed wind turbine

Variable speed wind turbine systems (VSWT’s) have been in receipt of extensive attention among the various renewable energy systems. The present paper focuses on fuzzy fractional order proportional-integral (FFOPI) control segment for variable speed wind turbine (VSWT) directly driving permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). The main objective of this study is to reach maximum power point tracking (MPPT) through combination of advanced control based on FFOPI control applied to generator side converter (turbine and PMSG). The basic idea of the FFOPI controller is to implement a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) in cascade with Fractional Order Proportional Integral controller (FOPI). A comparative study with FOPI and classical PI control schemes is made. The traditional PI controller cannot deliver a sufficiently great performance for the VSWT. However, the results found that the proposed approach (FFOPI) is more effective and feasible for controlling the permanent magnet synchronous generator to mantain maximum power extraction. The validation of results has been performed through simulation using Matlab/Simulink®

Rotor Current Control Design for DFIG-based Wind Turbine Using PI, FLC and Fuzzy PI Controllers

Due to the rising demand for electricity with increasing world population, maximizing renewable energy capture through efficient control systems is gaining attention in literature. Wind energy, in particular, is considered the world’s fastest-growing energy source it is one of the most efficient, reliable and affordable renewable energy sources. Subsequently, well-designed control systems are required to maximize the benefits, represented by power capture, of wind turbines. In this thesis, a 2.0-MW Doubly-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) wind turbine is presented along with new controllers designed to maximize the wind power capturer. The proposed designs mainly focus on controlling the DFIG rotor current in order to allow the system to operate at a certain current value that maximizes the energy capture at different wind speeds. The simulated model consists of a single two-mass wind turbine connected directly to the power grid. A general model consisting of aerodynamic, mechanical, electrical, and control systems are simulated using Matlab/Simulink. An indirect speed controller is designed to force the aerodynamic torque to follow the maximum power curve in response to wind variations, while a vector controller for current loops is designed to control the rotor side converter. The control system design techniques considered in this work are Proportional-Integral (PI), fuzzy logic, and fuzzy-PI controllers. The obtained results show that the fuzzy-PI controller meets the required specifications by exhibiting the best steady-state response, in terms of steady-state error and settling time, for some DFIG parameters such as rotor speed, rotor currents and electromagnetic torque. Although the fuzzy logic controller exhibits smaller peak overshoot and undershoot values when compared to the fuzzy-PI, the peak value difference is very small, which can be compensated using protection equipment such as circuit breakers and resistor banks. On the other hand, the PI controller shows the highest overshoot, undershoot and settling time values, while the fuzzy logic controller does not meet the requirements as it exhibits large, steady-state error values

A RULE-BASED FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER FOR AN OPTIMAL CONTROL OF WIND ENERGY CONVERSION SCHEME

The paper presentsа rule-based fuzzy logic controller to control the output power of in a stand alone wind energy system. The permanent magnet synchronous generator driven by wind turbine has the inherent problem of fluctuations in the magnitude and frequency of its terminal voltage with changes in wind velocity and load. To overcome this drawback, the variable magnitude, variable frequency at the generator terminals is rectified and the DС power is transferred to the load through DC-AC inverter. The objective is to track and extract maximum power from the wind energy system and transfer this power to the load. This is achieved by using the fuzzy logic controller which regulates a wind turbine speed as a function of generator output power

Fuzzy Logic Based Robust DVC Design of PWM Rectifier Connected to a PMSG WECS under wind/load Disturbance Conditions

Permanent Magnet Generator has been widely used in Variable-Speed Wind Energy Conversion System (VSWECS). Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) of the generator side converter has the ability to have good regulation of the DC-link voltage to meet the requirements necessary to achieve optimal system operation, regardless of the disturbances caused by the characteristics of the drive train or some changes into the DC-load. The main focus of this paper is to present a model for a three-phase voltage source space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) rectifier which is connected to a PMSG in a wind turbine system, where a direct voltage control (DVC) using FLC based on voltage orientation strategy is used to control the mentioned rectifier. The control algorithm employs a fuzzy logic controller to effectively achieve a smooth control of DC-link voltage under wind/load perturbation conditions. Some simulation results, using Matlab/Simulink, are presented to show the effectiveness of the SVPWM rectifier Connected to a PMSG WECS with the proposed control strategy

Dynamic Modeling for Open- and Closed-loop Control of PMSG based WECS with Fuzzy Logic Controllers

The high risk in developing a more advanced wind power generator with scientific and technological know-how, heavy loss in maintaining the accessories of a wind plant and stochastic nature of wind energy make the maximum energy retrieval questionable, but still optimum wind energy extraction can be achieved by operating the wind turbine generator (WTG) in a variable-speed, variable-frequency mode with different types of wind electric generators (WEGs). In this chapter, maximum power from wind using permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) is made possible by using intelligent controllers, namely fuzzy logic controllers. The chapter also discusses the simulated results obtained from modeling, simulation, and analysis of this PMSG-based wind energy conversion system (WECS) for both open- and closed-loop control strategies. PMSG suffers drastically from load and strong decay of magnetic field, which tends to reduce the generated voltage at the stator terminals, making it difficult for isolated operation and thus the whole analysis is done with grid-connected network. The other major limitations include loss of flexibility in field flux control, hence intelligent techniques like fuzzy logic mechanism are attempted along with space-vector modulation (SVM) to have a smooth control of field flux and load power management in PMSG