4,818 research outputs found

    New trends in data mining.

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    Trends; Data; Data mining;

    Survey and Systematization of Secure Device Pairing

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    Secure Device Pairing (SDP) schemes have been developed to facilitate secure communications among smart devices, both personal mobile devices and Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Comparison and assessment of SDP schemes is troublesome, because each scheme makes different assumptions about out-of-band channels and adversary models, and are driven by their particular use-cases. A conceptual model that facilitates meaningful comparison among SDP schemes is missing. We provide such a model. In this article, we survey and analyze a wide range of SDP schemes that are described in the literature, including a number that have been adopted as standards. A system model and consistent terminology for SDP schemes are built on the foundation of this survey, which are then used to classify existing SDP schemes into a taxonomy that, for the first time, enables their meaningful comparison and analysis.The existing SDP schemes are analyzed using this model, revealing common systemic security weaknesses among the surveyed SDP schemes that should become priority areas for future SDP research, such as improving the integration of privacy requirements into the design of SDP schemes. Our results allow SDP scheme designers to create schemes that are more easily comparable with one another, and to assist the prevention of persisting the weaknesses common to the current generation of SDP schemes.Comment: 34 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables, accepted at IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials 2017 (Volume: PP, Issue: 99

    Spatial-Temporal Event Analysis as a Prospective Approach for Signalling Emerging Food Fraud-Related Anomalies in Supply Chains

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    One of the pillars on which food traceability systems are based is the unique identification and recording of products and batches along the supply chain. Patterns of these identification codes in time and place may provide useful information on emerging food frauds. The scanning of codes on food packaging by users results in interesting spatial-temporal datasets. The analysis of these data using artificial intelligence could advance current food fraud detection approaches. Spatial-temporal patterns of the scanned codes could reveal emerging anomalies in supply chains as a result of food fraud in the chain. These patterns have not been studied yet, but in other areas, such as biology, medicine, credit card fraud, etc., parallel approaches have been developed, and are discussed in this paper. This paper projects these approaches for transfer and implementation in food supply chains in view of future applications for early warning of emerging food frauds

    Semantic discovery and reuse of business process patterns

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    Patterns currently play an important role in modern information systems (IS) development and their use has mainly been restricted to the design and implementation phases of the development lifecycle. Given the increasing significance of business modelling in IS development, patterns have the potential of providing a viable solution for promoting reusability of recurrent generalized models in the very early stages of development. As a statement of research-in-progress this paper focuses on business process patterns and proposes an initial methodological framework for the discovery and reuse of business process patterns within the IS development lifecycle. The framework borrows ideas from the domain engineering literature and proposes the use of semantics to drive both the discovery of patterns as well as their reuse

    Potential of RFID technology in logistics - Case Metso Paper -

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    Viime vuosina palveluliiketoiminnan merkitys ydinosaamista tukevana prosessina on kasvanut merkittÀvÀsti. Metso Paperin ydinosaamista on paperikoneiden valmistus mutta Service liiketoimintaan panostetaan vahvasti ja siltÀ odotetaan kasvua. TÀllÀ osa-alueella logistiikalla ja etenkin materiaalin tunnistamisella on iso vaikutus prosessien tehokkuuteen. Viivakoodi on yleisesti ollut hallitseva automaattisen tunnistamisen menetelmÀ mutta sillÀ on omat rajoituksensa. RFID:llÀ nÀmÀ rajoitukset voidaan voittaa. Standardisoinnin sekÀ teknisen kehityksen ansiosta se on nopeasti noussut vaihtoehtoiseksi menetelmÀksi tehostaa logistiikkaa. Siksi Metso Paper Service on nÀhnyt RFID tutkimuksen tarpeelliseksi. TÀmÀn Pro Gradu tutkimuksen tarkoitus on selvittÀÀ voidaanko RFID:llÀ tehostaa Metso Paper Servicen nimettyjÀ prosesseja. Tavoitteena on tunnistaa ne prosessit joissa RFID:llÀ voitaisiin saavuttaa liiketoiminnallisia parannuksia ja kustannussÀÀstöjÀ nykyiseen toimintamalliin verrattuna. Tutkimus on toteutettu haastattelemalla avainhenkilöitÀ teema kysymyksillÀ 8:sta toimeksiantajan nimeÀmÀstÀ prosessista. Haastattelun ja tilastollisen aineiston perusteella nykyiset toimintamallit ja materiaalin tunnistamiseen liittyvÀt oleelliset asiat on kuvattu prosessikarttoineen. LisÀksi teoriaosa esittelee RFID tekniikan pÀÀosin tasolla, jonka kÀyttÀjÀn on hyvÀ tietÀÀ. TÀltÀ pohjalta on analysoitu pystytÀÀnkö RFID:n avulla tehostamaan prosessin toimintaa. Tutkimuksessa havaittiin ettÀ useampi prosessi kehittyisi jollakin tavalla RFID:stÀ mutta toteutettavuus ja saavutettavan hyödyn mÀÀrÀ vaihtelevat. Kuitenkin yksi prosessi muodostui muita selvÀsti sopivammaksi. Tutkimuksen viimeisessÀ osassa on selvitetty RFID:n tarkemmat toiminnalliset sekÀ taloudelliset vaikutukset tÀhÀn prosessiin, niin tarkasti kuin se etukÀteen on mahdollista. Lopputuloksena pÀÀdyttiin suosittelemaan RFID pilottiprojektia suomalaisten asiakkaiden kanssa.fi=OpinnÀytetyö kokotekstinÀ PDF-muodossa.|en=Thesis fulltext in PDF format.|sv=LÀrdomsprov tillgÀngligt som fulltext i PDF-format

    FEASIBILITY OF RFID TECHNOLOGY IN THE SUPPLY CHAIN OF ABB MEDIUM VOLTAGE PRODUCTS

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    TĂ€mĂ€ pro gradu tutkielma kĂ€sittelee RFID – teknologian soveltuvuutta ABB Oy Medium Voltage Productin toimitusketjussa. Tutkimus toteutettiin tapaustutkimuksena kĂ€yttĂ€en sekĂ€ laadullisia ettĂ€ mÀÀrĂ€llisiĂ€ menetelmiĂ€. Tutkimuksen taustalla vaikutti yritysten tarve kehittÀÀ ja tehostaa tuotantoketjun toimintaa. Jotta yrityksen toiminta sĂ€ilyisi kannattavana tulevaisuudessa kiristyvĂ€n kilpailun vallitessa, on nykyisillĂ€ resursseilla kyettĂ€vĂ€ toimimaan entistĂ€ tehokkaammin. Tutkielman viitekehyksen perustana oli alaan liittyvĂ€ kirjallisuus sekĂ€ tieteelliset elektronisessa muodossa olevat ajankohtaiset julkaisut. Osa teoksista oli julkaistu jo monia vuosia sitten, mutta perusajatukset RFID – teknologiasta ovat pysyneet muuttumattomina. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli selvittÀÀ RFID – teknologian toteutettavuutta ABB Medium Voltage Productsin toimitusketjun eri vaihessa. LisĂ€ksi tuotiin esille erilaisia ehdotuksia siitĂ€, miten RFID – teknologia voitaisiin kĂ€ytĂ€nnössĂ€ implementoida ABB:lle. Tavoitteena oli myös selvittÀÀ ja vertailla eri investointimahdollisuuksien takaisinmaksuaikoja toimitusketjun eri osissa. RFID – teknologian osalta pÀÀajatus oli kuvata teknologia ensin yleisesti ja sitten tarkemmin yrityksen toimitusketjujen ja eri prosessien nĂ€kökulmista. RFID – teknologian kĂ€ytĂ€nnön sovelluksia ja toteutuneita projekteja löydettiin myös ja niitĂ€ etsittiin siksi, jotta voitaisiin huomata miten toiminta kĂ€ytĂ€nnössĂ€ tehostui. Keskeisin havainto oli huomata, ettĂ€ RFID – teknologia ei ole vĂ€lttĂ€mĂ€tĂ€ aina jĂ€rkevĂ€ investointi. Vaikka teknologia vaikuttaisi ensialkuun tehokkaalta ja luotettavalta, löytyy siitĂ€ useita ongelmakohtia ja haasteita joihin on tulevaisuudessa löydettĂ€vĂ€ toimivia ja kustannustehokkaita ratkaisuja. Tulevaisuudessa olisi tĂ€rkeÀÀ tutkia miten RFID tunnisteet saataisiin inegroitua piirikortteihin sekĂ€ kuinka teknologian kĂ€yttöönotto tehostaisi ulkoisen varaston tarjoajan prosesseja.fi=OpinnĂ€ytetyö kokotekstinĂ€ PDF-muodossa.|en=Thesis fulltext in PDF format.|sv=LĂ€rdomsprov tillgĂ€ngligt som fulltext i PDF-format

    An internet of old things as an augmented memory system

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    The interdisciplinary Tales of Things and electronic Memory (TOTeM) project investigates new contexts for augmenting things with stories in the emerging culture of the Internet of Things (IoT). Tales of Things is a tagging system which, based on two-dimensional barcodes (also called Quick Response or QR codes) and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology, enables the capturing and sharing of object stories and the physical linking to objects via read and writable tags. Within the context of our study, it has functioned as a technology probe which we employed with the aim to stimulate discussion and identify desire lines that point to novel design opportunities for the engagement with personal and social memories linked to everyday objects. In this paper, we discuss results from fieldwork with different community groups in the course of which seemingly any object could form the basis of a meaningful story and act as entry point into rich inherent 'networks of meaning'. Such networks of meaning are often solely accessible for the owner of an object and are at risk of getting lost as time goes by. We discuss the different discourses that are inherent in these object stories and provide avenues for making these memories and meaning networks accessible and shareable. This paper critically reflects on Tales of Things as an example of an augmented memory system and discusses possible wider implications for the design of related systems. © 2011 Springer-Verlag London Limited

    When Things Matter: A Data-Centric View of the Internet of Things

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    With the recent advances in radio-frequency identification (RFID), low-cost wireless sensor devices, and Web technologies, the Internet of Things (IoT) approach has gained momentum in connecting everyday objects to the Internet and facilitating machine-to-human and machine-to-machine communication with the physical world. While IoT offers the capability to connect and integrate both digital and physical entities, enabling a whole new class of applications and services, several significant challenges need to be addressed before these applications and services can be fully realized. A fundamental challenge centers around managing IoT data, typically produced in dynamic and volatile environments, which is not only extremely large in scale and volume, but also noisy, and continuous. This article surveys the main techniques and state-of-the-art research efforts in IoT from data-centric perspectives, including data stream processing, data storage models, complex event processing, and searching in IoT. Open research issues for IoT data management are also discussed
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