The deep space network, volume 18

The objectives, functions, and organization of the Deep Space Network are summarized. The Deep Space Instrumentation Facility, the Ground Communications Facility, and the Network Control System are described

Exploration and Design of High Performance Variation Tolerant On-Chip Interconnects

Siirretty Doriast

Spin-tunnel investigation of a 1/25-scale model of the General Dynamics F-16XL airplane

A spin-tunnel investigation of the spin and recovery characteristics of a 1/25-scale model to the General Dynamics F-16XL aircraft was conducted in the Langley Spin Tunnel. Tests included erect and inverted spins at various symmetric and asymmetric loading conditions. The required size of an emergency spin-recovery parachute was determined

Magnetism of Nano- to Micrometer-Sized Anisotropic Materials

Magnetic materials have a large variety of everyday uses. From audio speakers to magnetic memory or logic devices, many branches or modern technology at least partially rely on magnets. Magnetometry of individual nano- to micron-sized magnetic particles using conventional, commercially available measurement techniques is complicated due to the inherently small generated signals and hence the necessity to investigate large ensembles of particles. This typically leads to random orientation of, and considerable interactions between the particles. Consequently, information on magnetic states or anisotropies is averaged out. Dynamic Cantilever Magnetometry (DCM) has been established as a sensitive method to investigate very small, individual magnets without the need for electrical contacts or large sample volumes. This thesis offers a contribution to the research on the magnetism of nano- to micrometersized magnetic particles using Dynamic Cantilever Magnetometry. We analyze the data using analytical models and micromagnetic simulations. We demonstrate the manipulation of the remanent state of spherical Janus Particles with a magnetic cap, using exchange bias as a means to provide an artificial, unidirectional anisotropy. We further analyze the anisotropy and blocking temperature of superparamagnetic maghemite mesocrystals. Both types of magnetic systems have previously not been investigated on the individual level. We also highlight the contribution to the investigation of phase transitions and domain wall magnetism in the multiferroic polar magnet GaV4Se8

Export-orientation of Foreign Manufacturing Affiliates in India: Factors, Tendencies and Implications

This paper addresses an important development issue in literature of international production, namely what motivates market‐seeking foreign direct investment (FDI) to undertake export activities. It is well recognized in the concerned literature that export‐oriented FDI is more beneficial for the host country than purely domestic market‐seeking FDI. Hence, many developing countries like India have policy concerns on foreign firms playing a very minimal role in their export activities. Various studies including that of UNCTAD (2003) noted that foreign direct investment (FDI) in Indian manufacturing has been and remains largely domestic market‐seeking. In view of this low export contribution by foreign firms, existing studies suggest that developing countries like India should improve their locational advantages to attract export‐oriented FDI as opposed to local market‐oriented FDI like quality of available infrastructure, availability of cheap but skilled manpower, expanding the size of export processing zones, participation in bilateral/multilateral trade and investment regimes, etc. However, these studies have not examined those factors that could motivate the existing market‐seeking FDI into export activities. The contribution of the present study is precisely to address this issue and identify factors encouraging market‐seeking FDI to take up export activities. The empirical analysis has been conducted in two stages. In the first stage, we have estimated the export shares and export‐orientation of foreign firms in Indian manufacturing across 17 Indian industries over 1991–2005. In the second stage, we have analyzed the impact of five set of factors—size and growth of host country market, local competition, policy regime, import competition and industry‐characteristics on the export‐orientation of foreign firms in Indian manufacturing. The empirical findings from the panel data analysis of 17 Indian industries over 1991–2005 has thrown up several policy implications important for increasing export‐orientation of foreign firms in a developing country like India.Export–Orientation, Foreign Manufacturing Affiliates, Local Competition, Host Country Market

Task Partitioning and Mapping Algorithms for Multi-core Packet Processing Systems

In this work, we have explored different task mapping algorithms for multi-core, packet processing systems. we also implemented these algorithms and compared the results of the algorithms. We first reviewed the previously designed algorithms which include UDFS algorithm and duplication process. We then applied the KL algorithm to our problem and were able to reduce the inter-processor communication by 20% while maintaining the similar utilization. We then modified the original KL algorithm by considering utilization during the mapping process. In this extended KL algorithm, we incorporated a tradeoff factor alpha to tradeoff between inter-processor communication and processor utilization. The best alpha is different for different system configurations in terms of communication bandwidth and computing power. Simulated annealing(SA) algorithm was then implemented. The parameters for SA algorithm were decided by following literature or by doing experiments. Results from SA algorithm shows that it can produce decent results that are comparable to KL algorithm. In order to further improve the utilization, merging operation was applied to the task graph before mapping algorithms were applied. The mapping results showed that merging is a good way to improve the utilization and at the same time keep the communication cost lower. Finally, we applied the mapping algorithms to different packet processing system architectures. The results show how inter-processor communication cost and processor utilization change as system architecture changes

Multidisciplinary approach to describe Trebouxia diversity within lichenized fungi Buellia zo-haryi from the Canary Islands.

[EN] The Canary Islands are famous for their extraordinary biodiversity; however, lichenized algae have only been studied partially. Buellia zoharyi is a circum-Mediterranean/Macaronesian species that usually occurs in semi-arid areas of the Mediterranean, but occasionally some interesting communities of this species grow on basaltic lava flows in Lanzarote, Fuerteventura and Tenerife. Those three locations showed similar ecological conditions, but different mean annual temperatures. Here we applied a multidisciplinary approach to describe microalgae diversity from B. zoharyi covering the entire described range of distribution in the Canary Islands. Photobionts were characterized in symbiosis using molecular and microscopic techniques. Different Trebouxia spp. were detected as primary photobiont in each island (Trebouxia cretacea-Fuerteventura, T. asymmetrica-Lanzarote and Trebouxia sp. `arnoldoi '-Tenerife). Coexistence of various Trebouxia spp. within a thallus were detected by using specific primers-PCR. Those three photobionts were isolated and cultured under laboratory conditions. Different phytohormone profiles were obtained in the isolated strains which suggest different internal signalling needs. In addition, we characterized the response of the isolated strains to different temperatures using chlorophyll fluorescence. T. asymmetrica did not modify their F-v/fm values with respect to temperature acclimation. In contrast, Trebouxia sp. `arnoldoi'and T. cretacea were more sensitive to changes in growing temperature decreasing Fv/fm at 17 degrees C. Our results indicate that B. zoharyi is flexible regarding the photobiont choice depending on the region, and suggest that bioclimatic factors could influence the myco/photobiont association patterns.Funding for field and laboratory work for this study was provided by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO and FEDER, Spain) (CGL2016-79158-P) and Prometeo Excellence in Research Program (Generalitat Valenciana, Spain) (PROMETEOII/2013/021; PROMETEO/2017/039). Daniel Sheerin revised the English manuscriptMolins, A.; Chiva, S.; Calatayud, A.; Marco, F.; García-Breijo, F.; Reig-Arminana, J.; Carrasco, P.... (2020). Multidisciplinary approach to describe Trebouxia diversity within lichenized fungi Buellia zo-haryi from the Canary Islands. 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Modelling and Control of Switched Reluctance Machines

Today, switched reluctance machines (SRMs) play an increasingly important role in various sectors due to advantages such as robustness, simplicity of construction, low cost, insensitivity to high temperatures, and high fault tolerance. They are frequently used in fields such as aeronautics, electric and hybrid vehicles, and wind power generation. This book is a comprehensive resource on the design, modeling, and control of SRMs with methods that demonstrate their good performance as motors and generators

Improving low latency applications for reconfigurable devices

This thesis seeks to improve low latency application performance via architectural improvements in reconfigurable devices. This is achieved by improving resource utilisation and access, and by exploiting the different environments within which reconfigurable devices are deployed. Our first contribution leverages devices deployed at the network level to enable the low latency processing of financial market data feeds. Financial exchanges transmit messages via two identical data feeds to reduce the chance of message loss. We present an approach to arbitrate these redundant feeds at the network level using a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). With support for any messaging protocol, we evaluate our design using the NASDAQ TotalView-ITCH, OPRA, and ARCA data feed protocols, and provide two simultaneous outputs: one prioritising low latency, and one prioritising high reliability with three dynamically configurable windowing methods. Our second contribution is a new ring-based architecture for low latency, parallel access to FPGA memory. Traditional FPGA memory is formed by grouping block memories (BRAMs) together and accessing them as a single device. Our architecture accesses these BRAMs independently and in parallel. Targeting memory-based computing, which stores pre-computed function results in memory, we benefit low latency applications that rely on: highly-complex functions; iterative computation; or many parallel accesses to a shared resource. We assess square root, power, trigonometric, and hyperbolic functions within the FPGA, and provide a tool to convert Python functions to our new architecture. Our third contribution extends the ring-based architecture to support any FPGA processing element. We unify E heterogeneous processing elements within compute pools, with each element implementing the same function, and the pool serving D parallel function calls. Our implementation-agnostic approach supports processing elements with different latencies, implementations, and pipeline lengths, as well as non-deterministic latencies. Compute pools evenly balance access to processing elements across the entire application, and are evaluated by implementing eight different neural network activation functions within an FPGA.Open Acces

Space programs summary no. 37-49, volume 3 for the period December 1, 1967 to January 30, 1968. Supporting research and advanced development

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