A Survey on Mobile Charging Techniques in Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks

The recent breakthrough in wireless power transfer (WPT) technology has empowered wireless rechargeable sensor networks (WRSNs) by facilitating stable and continuous energy supply to sensors through mobile chargers (MCs). A plethora of studies have been carried out over the last decade in this regard. However, no comprehensive survey exists to compile the state-of-the-art literature and provide insight into future research directions. To fill this gap, we put forward a detailed survey on mobile charging techniques (MCTs) in WRSNs. In particular, we first describe the network model, various WPT techniques with empirical models, system design issues and performance metrics concerning the MCTs. Next, we introduce an exhaustive taxonomy of the MCTs based on various design attributes and then review the literature by categorizing it into periodic and on-demand charging techniques. In addition, we compare the state-of-the-art MCTs in terms of objectives, constraints, solution approaches, charging options, design issues, performance metrics, evaluation methods, and limitations. Finally, we highlight some potential directions for future research

A Hybrid Metaheuristic Algorithm for Stop Point Selection in Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Network

A wireless rechargeable sensor network (WRSN) enables charging of rechargeable sensor nodes (RSN) wirelessly through a mobile charging vehicle (MCV). Most existing works choose the MCV’s stop point (SP) at random, the cluster’s center, or the cluster head position, all without exploring the demand from RSNs. It results in a long charging delay, a low charging throughput, frequent MCV trips, and more dead nodes. To overcome these issues, this paper proposes a hybrid metaheuristic algorithm for stop point selection (HMA-SPS) that combines the techniques of the dragonfly algorithm (DA), firefly algorithm (FA), and gray wolf optimization (GWO) algorithms. Using FA and GWO techniques, DA predicts an ideal SP using the run-time metrics of RSNs, such as energy, delay, distance, and trust factors. The simulated results demonstrate faster convergence with low delay and highlight that more RSNs can be recharged with fewer MCV visits, further enhancing energy utilization, throughput, network lifetime, and trust factor

Wireless Power Transfer Technologies, Applications, and Future Trends: A Review

Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) is a disruptive technology that allows wireless energy provisioning for energy- limited IoT devices, thus decreasing the over-reliance on batteries and wires. WPT could replace conventional energy provisioning (e.g., energy harvesting) and expand for deployment in many of our daily-life applications, including but not limited to healthcare, transportation, automation, and smart cities. As a new rising technology, WPT has attracted many researchers from academia and industry in terms of technologies and charging scheduling within a plethora of services and applications. Thus, in this paper, we review the most recent studies related to WPT, including the classifications, advantages, disadvantages, and main application domains. Furthermore, we review the recently designed wireless charging scheduling algorithms and schemes for wireless sensor networks. Our study provides a detailed survey of wireless charging scheduling schemes covering the main scheme classifications, evaluation metrics, application domains, advantages, and disadvantages of each charging scheme. We further summarize trends and opportunities for applying WPT at some intersections

An Assessment of Shortest Prioritized Path-Based Bidirectional Wireless Charging Approach Toward Smart Agriculture

The agriculture sector has witnessed a transformation with the advent of smart sensing devices, leading to improved crop yield and quality. However, the management of data collection from numerous sensors across vast agricultural areas, as well as the associated charging requirements, presents significant challenges. This paper addresses the major research problem by proposing an innovative solution for charging agricultural sensors. The introduction of an energy-constrained device (ECD) enables wireless charging and transmission of soil data to a centralized server. The proposed ECDs will enable enhanced data collection, precision agriculture, optimized resource allocation, timely decision-making, and remote monitoring and control. A bidirectional wireless charging drone is employed to efficiently charge the ECDs. To optimize energy usage, a prioritized Dijkstra algorithm determines the ECDs to be charged and plans the shortest route for the drone. The wireless charging drone landing-charging station achieves an efficiency of 91.3%, delivering 72 W of power within a 5 mm range. Furthermore, the ECD possesses a data transmission range of 100 m and incorporates deep sleep functionality, allowing for a remarkable 30-day battery life.publishedVersio

A Sensor Network System for Monitoring Short-Term Construction Work Zones

Safety hazards encountered near construction work zones are high, both in number and in the kind. There is a need to monitor traffic in such construction zones in order to improve driver and vehicle safetyIn the past traffic monitoring systems were built with high cost equipment such as inductive plates, video cameras etc. These solutions are too cost{prohibitive and invasive to be used in the large. Wireless sensor networks provide an opportunity space that can be used to address this problem. This thesis specifically targets temporary or short-term construction work zones. We present the design and implementation of a sensor network system targeted at monitoring the flow of traffic through these temporary construction work zones. As opposed to long-term work zones which are common on highways, short-term or temporary work zones remain active for a few hours or a few days at most. As such, instrumenting temporary work zones with monitoring equipment similar to those used in long-term work zones is not practical. Yet, these temporary work zones present an important problem in terms of crashes occurring in and around them. The design for this sensornet-based system for monitoring traffic is (a) inexpensive, (b) rapidly deployable, (c) requires minimal maintenance and (d) non-invasive. In this thesis we present our experiences in building this system, and testing this system in live work zones in the Greater Cleveland are

A Sensor Network System for Monitoring Short-Term Construction Work Zones

Safety hazards encountered near construction work zones are high, both in number and in the kind. There is a need to monitor traffic in such construction zones in order to improve driver and vehicle safetyIn the past traffic monitoring systems were built with high cost equipment such as inductive plates, video cameras etc. These solutions are too cost{prohibitive and invasive to be used in the large. Wireless sensor networks provide an opportunity space that can be used to address this problem. This thesis specifically targets temporary or short-term construction work zones. We present the design and implementation of a sensor network system targeted at monitoring the flow of traffic through these temporary construction work zones. As opposed to long-term work zones which are common on highways, short-term or temporary work zones remain active for a few hours or a few days at most. As such, instrumenting temporary work zones with monitoring equipment similar to those used in long-term work zones is not practical. Yet, these temporary work zones present an important problem in terms of crashes occurring in and around them. The design for this sensornet-based system for monitoring traffic is (a) inexpensive, (b) rapidly deployable, (c) requires minimal maintenance and (d) non-invasive. In this thesis we present our experiences in building this system, and testing this system in live work zones in the Greater Cleveland are

A Sensor Network System for Monitoring Short-Term Construction Work Zones

Safety hazards encountered near construction work zones are high, both in number and in the kind. There is a need to monitor traffic in such construction zones in order to improve driver and vehicle safetyIn the past traffic monitoring systems were built with high cost equipment such as inductive plates, video cameras etc. These solutions are too cost{prohibitive and invasive to be used in the large. Wireless sensor networks provide an opportunity space that can be used to address this problem. This thesis specifically targets temporary or short-term construction work zones. We present the design and implementation of a sensor network system targeted at monitoring the flow of traffic through these temporary construction work zones. As opposed to long-term work zones which are common on highways, short-term or temporary work zones remain active for a few hours or a few days at most. As such, instrumenting temporary work zones with monitoring equipment similar to those used in long-term work zones is not practical. Yet, these temporary work zones present an important problem in terms of crashes occurring in and around them. The design for this sensornet-based system for monitoring traffic is (a) inexpensive, (b) rapidly deployable, (c) requires minimal maintenance and (d) non-invasive. In this thesis we present our experiences in building this system, and testing this system in live work zones in the Greater Cleveland are

Furniture Mover

The movement of furniture is an often overlooked pain point for physically-challenged individuals, especially when rearranging furniture in a room. These individuals may try to minimize the risk of tip-over or strain-related injuries by seeking assistance from others. Still, some individuals are limited in finding volunteers forthcoming and capable of helping. This can lead to a dilemma of either being able to find individuals willing to assist in the process or risking one’s own personal safety when moving furniture. The proposed design project implements the use of multiple, independent platforms with mecanum wheels placed underneath each corner of a piece of furniture by a user. These devices will work together to move furniture based on commands from a wireless device, allowing for the adjustment of furniture with more flexible positioning and will negate the requirement of human force, preventing physical strain on one\u27s body