MCMC joint separation and segmentation of hidden Markov fields

In this contribution, we consider the problem of the blind separation of noisy instantaneously mixed images. The images are modelized by hidden Markov fields with unknown parameters. Given the observed images, we give a Bayesian formulation and we propose to solve the resulting data augmentation problem by implementing a Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) procedure. We separate the unknown variables into two categories: 1. The parameters of interest which are the mixing matrix, the noise covariance and the parameters of the sources distributions. 2. The hidden variables which are the unobserved sources and the unobserved pixels classification labels. The proposed algorithm provides in the stationary regime samples drawn from the posterior distributions of all the variables involved in the problem leading to a flexibility in the cost function choice. We discuss and characterize some problems of non identifiability and degeneracies of the parameters likelihood and the behavior of the MCMC algorithm in this case. Finally, we show the results for both synthetic and real data to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed solution. keywords: MCMC, blind source separation, hidden Markov fields, segmentation, Bayesian approachComment: Presented at NNSP2002, IEEE workshop Neural Networks for Signal Processing XII, Sept. 2002, pp. 485--49

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Food preparation issues such as records, reheating, cooking temperatures, cooling, holding times and temperatures, separation and segmentation, personnel and personal contact with foods are examined

A convolutional autoencoder approach for mining features in cellular electron cryo-tomograms and weakly supervised coarse segmentation

Cellular electron cryo-tomography enables the 3D visualization of cellular organization in the near-native state and at submolecular resolution. However, the contents of cellular tomograms are often complex, making it difficult to automatically isolate different in situ cellular components. In this paper, we propose a convolutional autoencoder-based unsupervised approach to provide a coarse grouping of 3D small subvolumes extracted from tomograms. We demonstrate that the autoencoder can be used for efficient and coarse characterization of features of macromolecular complexes and surfaces, such as membranes. In addition, the autoencoder can be used to detect non-cellular features related to sample preparation and data collection, such as carbon edges from the grid and tomogram boundaries. The autoencoder is also able to detect patterns that may indicate spatial interactions between cellular components. Furthermore, we demonstrate that our autoencoder can be used for weakly supervised semantic segmentation of cellular components, requiring a very small amount of manual annotation.Comment: Accepted by Journal of Structural Biolog