Preventing premature convergence and proving the optimality in evolutionary algorithms

http://ea2013.inria.fr//proceedings.pdfInternational audienceEvolutionary Algorithms (EA) usually carry out an efficient exploration of the search-space, but get often trapped in local minima and do not prove the optimality of the solution. Interval-based techniques, on the other hand, yield a numerical proof of optimality of the solution. However, they may fail to converge within a reasonable time due to their inability to quickly compute a good approximation of the global minimum and their exponential complexity. The contribution of this paper is a hybrid algorithm called Charibde in which a particular EA, Differential Evolution, cooperates with a Branch and Bound algorithm endowed with interval propagation techniques. It prevents premature convergence toward local optima and outperforms both deterministic and stochastic existing approaches. We demonstrate its efficiency on a benchmark of highly multimodal problems, for which we provide previously unknown global minima and certification of optimality

ON THE RUN, October 5, 1978

Issue No.7 Marathon Mike by Hal Higdon and Kevin ShyneMichael Bilandic isn\u27t called \u27\u27Marathon Mike\u27\u27 for nothing. The top politician in \u27\u27The Second City\u27\u27 is a friend of running and a runner of the road. Running the MDM by Kevin ShyneWhat is the Mayor Daley Marathon course like? A runner of the course and a native of the city describes I the course for one of the country\u27s largest marathons. The African Onslaught by Bob MoriartyRono, Keino and a host of others represent the onslaught of African runners who have come to run in the United States. Depending on which college coach you talk to, these Africans are either a blessing or a curse. Running With Plunkett by Bob MoriartyJim Plunkett is better known as the quarterback for the San Francisco 49ers than a runner. But the man behind the team devotes much of his time to running for fitness.https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/on_the_run/1005/thumbnail.jp

ON THE RUN, November 2, 1978

Issue No. 9 The California Canadian by Roger RapoportFor Canadian Brian Maxwell, the ideal place to train is Califomia, the ideal cooking to eat is his own and the ideal marathon to win will be in Moscow. Indians Running by John KosterLong before the white man and long before the wheel, Indians were running on the paths of the Western World. New York, New York by William DunnettFor out-of-towners, the Big Apple can be a big bust if they don\u27t know where to go and what to do. To eliminate that problem, we have provided a marathoner\u27s guide to New York City. A Gathering of Eagles by Ray HoslerTwenty four elite runners swooped into Eugene, Ore., compliments of Nike, for that company\u27s marathon. When the gathering of eagles ended, a women\u27s record fell.https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/on_the_run/1007/thumbnail.jp

The nature and practice of primary physical education: A study of the perceptions of subject leaders

Much of the existing research on primary physical education (PE) has focused on the supposed importance and potential of the subject at this age range, rather than on its actual nature and practice. It is repeatedly claimed within the literature that the development of movement skills during early learning experiences is significant as it lays the foundation for continuing participation in health enhancing physical activity. While much of the existing research has focused on the supposed importance of primary PE, further study in this area expresses concerns about the deficiencies in the preparation of primary generalists to teach the subject; over the quality of learning and teaching within the subject; and over a perceived lack of investment (in the long term) in the primary age phase. In the light of the comparatively limited research relating to primary PE, the reported issues which surround the provision of the subject and the current emphasis on its promotion through the PE and Sport Premium, the study aimed to examine change alongside continuity in what has been identified, rhetorically at least, as an important area of PE. Drawing upon data gathered from one-to-one interviews with 36 subject leaders (SLs), this study sought to describe and explain the nature and practice of primary PE and develop a more adequate understanding of what is actually happening in the name of the subject. The analysis of primary PE was undertaken through the use of a case study of one School Sport Partnership (SSP) in the north-west of England, with the theoretical framework for this study being formed by the figurational sociological perspective. The findings revealed that the most common model for the delivery of PE involved responsibility being shared between the generalist class teacher and either a sports coach or specialist PE teacher. The SLs recognised strengths and weaknesses in all of the three main approaches used. However, while they favoured the use of specialist teachers because of their subject knowledge and expertise, the more prosaic constraints of cost and flexibility meant that the use of coaches had become increasingly popular. Whether or not, the growth of coaches is de-professionalizing the delivery of PE, it certainly appears to be exacerbating any existing tendency to turn primary PE into a pale imitation of the sport-biased curricular of secondary schools. Ironically, the apparent ‘threat’ to the status of PE in the primary curriculum (as well as the status of PE specialists) posed by the growth of coaches in curricular PE in primary schools may well be exaggerated by the primary PE and Sport Premium which appears to have added momentum to a change of direction regarding staffing the subject – towards sports coaches and away from generalist classroom teachers and PE specialists. The data also showed that while the pedagogical approaches adopted in primary PE lessons did include some inclusive and developmentally appropriate methods, the overriding focus was on didactic teaching approaches being used to achieve narrow skills based outcomes. The historical dominance of games, the inclusion of primary teachers in lengthening chains of interdependence with sporting groups and individuals, and the conflation of sport with PE were all thought to have influenced the adoption of a teaching model that is unduly influenced by sport. It was also clear from SLs responses, that the prevalence of teaching methods that bind didactic and skill based pedagogy are unlikely to be challenged by the greater inclusion of sports coaches within primary PE. Finally, the contents of primary PE lessons were shown, by the data, to be dominated by sport and traditional team games; and to be organised around the timings of the major inter-school competitions and tournaments. Overall it was argued that the portents of a future with sports coaches as the main deliverers of primary ‘sport’ lessons are there for all to see, and that this apparent change is best understood by locating the subject leaders of PE in the networks of interdependent relationships that they have with others

ON THE RUN, November 16, 1978

Issue No.10 Running Mind by Gil JohnsonWhat makes running such a pleasurable experience? Dr. William Glasser asked himself that same question and, after considerable research, has been able to tell us some pretty complex things about the running mind. Track to Jail by Ray HoslerLionel Ortega, winner of this year\u27s Nike Maration, went from a speed workout on the University of New Mexico\u27s track to jail. The reason? Officials say he was spreading a grass-killing fungus. Pre\u27s Trail by Paul PintarichSteve Prefontaine is gone, but he left a living legacy in Eugene, Ore., in Pre\u27s Trail. The route has been called an unfortunate blessing for the citizens of the running capitol of the world. Thanks Giving by Bill WilliamsThrough rain, snow or sleet-or all three-the Manchester Road Race has been run in Connecticut for 35 years.https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/on_the_run/1008/thumbnail.jp

Renaissance 1979

This is a digitized, downloadable version of the University of Rhode Island yearbook.https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/yearbooks/1068/thumbnail.jp

2011-2012, University of Memphis bulletin

University of Memphis bulletin containing the undergraduate catalog for 2011-2012.https://digitalcommons.memphis.edu/speccoll-ua-pub-bulletins/1452/thumbnail.jp

2019-2020, University of Memphis bulletin

University of Memphis bulletin containing the undergraduate catalog for 2019-2020.https://digitalcommons.memphis.edu/speccoll-ua-pub-bulletins/1459/thumbnail.jp

2009-2010, University of Memphis bulletin

University of Memphis bulletin containing the undergraduate catalog for 2009-2010.https://digitalcommons.memphis.edu/speccoll-ua-pub-bulletins/1450/thumbnail.jp