86,099 research outputs found
Anomalous Dynamic Arrest in a Mixture of Big and Small Particles
We present molecular dynamics simulations on the slow dynamics of a mixture
of big and small soft-spheres with a large size disparity. Dynamics are
investigated in a broad range of temperature and mixture composition. As a
consequence of large size disparity, big and small particles exhibit very
different relaxation times. As previously reported for simple models of
short-ranged attractive colloids and polymer blends, several anomalous dynamic
features are observed: i) sublinear behavior for mean squared displacements,
ii) concave-to-convex crossover for density-density correlators, by varying
temperature or wavevector, iii) logarithmic decay for specific wavevectors of
density-density correlators. These anomalous features are observed over time
intervals extending up to four decades, and strongly resemble predictions of
the Mode Coupling Theory (MCT) for state points close to higher-order MCT
transitions, which originate from the competition between different mechanisms
for dynamic arrest. For the big particles we suggest competition between
soft-sphere repulsion and depletion effects induced by neighboring small
particles. For the small particles we suggest competition between bulk-like
dynamics and confinement, respectively induced by neighboring small particles
and by the slow matrix of big particles. By increasing the size disparity, a
new relaxation scenario arises for the small particles. Self-correlators decay
to zero at temperatures where density-density correlations are frozen. The
behavior of the latters resembles features characteristic of type-A MCT
transitions, defined by a zero value of the critical non-ergodicity parameter.Comment: Version 2. Added major new result
Application of the density dependent hadron field theory to neutron star matter
The density dependent hadron field (DDRH) theory, previously applied to
isospin nuclei and hypernuclei is used to describe -stable matter and
neutron stars under consideration of the complete baryon octet. The
meson-hyperon vertices are derived from Dirac-Brueckner calculations of nuclear
matter and extended to hyperons. We examine properties of density dependent
interactions derived from the Bonn A and from the Groningen NN potential as
well as phenomenological interactions. The consistent treatment of the density
dependence introduces rearrangement terms in the expression for the baryon
chemical potential. This leads to a more complex condition for the
-equilibrium compared to standard relativistic mean field (RMF)
approaches. We find a strong dependence of the equation of state and the
particle distribution on the choice of the vertex density dependence. Results
for neutron star masses and radii are presented. We find a good agreement with
other models for the maximum mass. Radii are smaller compared to RMF models and
indicate a closer agreement with results of non-relativistic Brueckner
calculations.Comment: 28 pages, 11 figure
Depletion potential in hard-sphere mixtures: theory and applications
We present a versatile density functional approach (DFT) for calculating the
depletion potential in general fluid mixtures. In contrast to brute force DFT,
our approach requires only the equilibrium density profile of the small
particles {\em before} the big (test) particle is inserted. For a big particle
near a planar wall or a cylinder or another fixed big particle the relevant
density profiles are functions of a single variable, which avoids the numerical
complications inherent in brute force DFT. We implement our approach for
additive hard-sphere mixtures. By investigating the depletion potential for
high size asymmetries we assess the regime of validity of the well-known
Derjaguin approximation for hard-sphere mixtures and argue that this fails. We
provide an accurate parametrization of the depletion potential in hard-sphere
fluids which should be useful for effective Hamiltonian studies of phase
behavior and colloid structure
How the viscous subrange determines inertial range properties in turbulence shell models
We calculate static solutions of the 'GOY' shell model of turbulence and do a
linear stability analysis. The asymptotic limit of large Reynolds numbers is
analyzed. A phase diagram is presented which shows the range of stability of
the static solution. We see an unexpected oscillatory dependence of the
stability range upon , where is the viscosity. This effect
depends upon the discrete structure of the shell model and goes to zero as the
separation between the shells is brought to zero. These findings show how
viscous effects play a role in determining inertial properties of shell models
and give some hints for understanding the effects of viscous dissipation upon
real turbulence.Comment: Physica D, in pres
Analyze Large Multidimensional Datasets Using Algebraic Topology
This paper presents an efficient algorithm to extract knowledge from high-dimensionality, high- complexity datasets using algebraic topology, namely simplicial complexes. Based on concept of isomorphism of relations, our method turn a relational table into a geometric object (a simplicial complex is a polyhedron). So, conceptually association rule searching is turned into a geometric traversal problem. By leveraging on the core concepts behind Simplicial Complex, we use a new technique (in computer science) that improves the performance over existing methods and uses far less memory. It was designed and developed with a strong emphasis on scalability, reliability, and extensibility. This paper also investigate the possibility of Hadoop integration and the challenges that come with the framework
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