VerbAtlas: a novel large-scale verbal semantic resource and its application to semantic role labeling

We present VerbAtlas, a new, hand-crafted lexical-semantic resource whose goal is to bring together all verbal synsets from WordNet into semantically-coherent frames. The frames define a common, prototypical argument structure while at the same time providing new concept-specific information. In contrast to PropBank, which defines enumerative semantic roles, VerbAtlas comes with an explicit, cross-frame set of semantic roles linked to selectional preferences expressed in terms of WordNet synsets, and is the first resource enriched with semantic information about implicit, shadow, and default arguments. We demonstrate the effectiveness of VerbAtlas in the task of dependency-based Semantic Role Labeling and show how its integration into a high-performance system leads to improvements on both the in-domain and out-of-domain test sets of CoNLL-2009. VerbAtlas is available at http://verbatlas.org

Semantic roles and verbless constructions : A Finnish challenge for verb-centered approaches

Semantic roles constitute one of the most notorious notions in linguistics, because they have been defined in numerous ways depending on the author’s theoretical framework and goals. Typically these definitions are somehow, more or less explicitly, based on verbs and their properties. In this paper, semantic roles are discussed from a completely different perspective; we examine genuinely verbless constructions attested in Finnish newspaper headlines. The paper addresses three main questions. First, what kinds of constructions do not need a finite verb for expressing dynamic events? Second, what kind of information remains unconceptualized in verbless constructions? Finally, what are semantic roles based on if there is no verb? The goal of the paper is to show that verbs are not needed for defining semantic roles, because an array of semantic roles can be recognized even in constructions lacking a verb.Semantic roles constitute one of the most notorious notions in linguistics, because they have been defined in numerous ways depending on the author’s theoretical framework and goals. Typically these definitions are somehow, more or less explicitly, based on verbs and their properties. In this paper, semantic roles are discussed from a completely different perspective; we examine genuinely verbless constructions attested in Finnish newspaper headlines. The paper addresses three main questions. First, what kinds of constructions do not need a finite verb for expressing dynamic events? Second, what kind of information remains unconceptualized in verbless constructions? Finally, what are semantic roles based on if there is no verb? The goal of the paper is to show that verbs are not needed for defining semantic roles, because an array of semantic roles can be recognized even in constructions lacking a verb.Peer reviewe

Arrow Symbols: Theory for Interpretation

People often sketch diagrams when they communicate successfully among each other. Such an intuitive collaboration would also be possible with computers if the machines understood the meanings of the sketches. Arrow symbols are a frequent ingredient of such sketched diagrams. Due to the arrows’ versatility, however, it remains a challenging problem to make computers distinguish the various semantic roles of arrow symbols. The solution to this problem is highly desirable for more effective and user-friendly pen-based systems. This thesis, therefore, develops an algorithm for deducing the semantic roles of arrow symbols, called the arrow semantic interpreter (ASI). The ASI emphasizes the structural patterns of arrow-containing diagrams, which have a strong influence on their semantics. Since the semantic roles of arrow symbols are assigned to individual arrow symbols and sometimes to the groups of arrow symbols, two types of the corresponding structures are introduced: the individual structure models the spatial arrangement of components around each arrow symbol and the inter-arrow structure captures the spatial arrangement of multiple arrow symbols. The semantic roles assigned to individual arrow symbols are classified into orientation, behavioral description, annotation, and association, and the formats of individual structures that correspond to these four classes are identified. The result enables the derivation of the possible semantic roles of individual arrow symbols from their individual structures. In addition, for the diagrams with multiple arrow symbols, the patterns of their inter-arrow structures are exploited to detect the groups of arrow symbols that jointly have certain semantic roles, as well as the nesting relations between the arrow symbols. The assessment shows that for 79% of sample arrow symbols the ASI successfully detects their correct semantic roles, even though the average number of the ASI’s interpretations is only 1.31 per arrow symbol. This result indicates that the structural information is highly useful for deriving the reliable interpretations of arrow symbols

Semantic Roles in Joko Widodo Re-Elected as President of BBC Online News

This research focused in analyzing the types and the dominant of Semantic Roles that found in Joko Widodo re-elected as President in BBC Online News (2019). The research design of this study is descriptive qualitative. This research used Riemer (2010) theory. The data source of this research was “Joko Widodo re-elected as President” in BBC Online News which was taken from the internet. The method in collecting the data of this research was observation with non-participatory technique by using the transcript. The conclusion was the eight types of semantic roles can be found of Joko Widodo re-elected as  President in BBC Online. These data had been collected, the researcher found 10 data that produce 24 results of semantics roles which were involved into eight (8) types, such as; agent (3), patient (2), theme (5), location (2), experiencer (4), instruments (3), goal (2), and source (3) as the results. Also, the dominant types of the semantic roles that frequently appeared was theme and the least was patient, location, and goal. Keywords : Semantic, News, Types of Semantic Roles

Om semantiske rollers skematik

This paper focuses on the dynamic interrelationship between semantic roles. On the basis of a minimalistic set of roles: agent, topos, locus, and instrument, inspired by the component grammar outlined by Hanne Korzen, Henning Nølke, Henrik Prebensen and Finn Sørensen, morphological schemes of pos-sible connections between semantic roles in modern French nuclear sentences are proposed within a catastrophe theoretic framework