LANGUAGE DOCUMENTATION ON JAVANESE: A SHIFT TOWARDS RECOGNIZING AND CELEBRATING COLLOQUIAL VARIETIES

Javanese has benefitted from a long history of linguistic study. To focus on grammars, Javanese boasts grammars in French by Favre (1866); in Dutch by Kiliaan (1919), Prijohoetomo (1937), Arps et al. (2000); in Indonesian by Suharno (1982), Sudaryanto (1991; ed), Wedhawati et al. (2006); in English by Horne (1961), Keeler (1992), Robson (2014); among others. Although Javanese already has a stable scholarly tradition, the focus has been almost exclusively on the Standard variety, spoken in the principalities of Yogyakarta and Solo, constituting a small sliver of the attested language. Given its vast dialectal variation, there is still a huge need for linguistic research on Javanese. With the advent of establishing language documentation as a branch of linguistics (Himmelmann 1991), some progress has been made in the documentation and description of colloquial varieties: for example, Suwadji (1981) on Javanese varieties on the north coast of Central Java; Conners (2008) on Tengger Javanese; Hoogervorst (2010) on Surabayan Javanese; Vander Klok (2012) on Paciran Javanese. These works represent a shift towards the recognition and validation of non-standard varieties of Javanese, which were unnoticed in the past. We advocate for the continuation of this trend. In particular, we present our work on the documentation of two colloquial varieties of Javanese, Malang Javanese and Semarang Javanese, for which the outcome of this project is a reference grammar. We end by highlighting the importance of such documentation, especially of non-standard varieties, for language maintenance: even large languages are susceptible to language endangerment, and Javanese is no exception (e.g. Kurniasih 2006; Smith-Hefner 2009; Cohn et al. 2013)

Urgent Responses for Women Human Rights Defenders at Risk: Mapping and Preliminary Assessment

AWID and the Women Human Rights Defenders International Coalition reviewed a broad range of urgent responses available to Women Human Rights Defenders (WHRDs) at risk around the world. This report describes the types of resources and strategies available to respond to urgent situations of violence against WHRDs as well as some of the organizations that offer them

THE IMPORTANCE OF INTERGENERATIONAL TRANSMISSION OF LANGUAGE

Language was firstly taught by our parents when we were a baby. From that moment,we improve our speaking skills through listening and imitating. That is the process we start our interaction with a language. People communicate and socialize throughlanguage they learn. As a matter of fact, there are thousands of languages spoken in the whole world. People from different region will speak in different language as well. Language represents the identity and existence of one tribe or country. So that’s why it correlates with the cultural background. People should make a system in using thelanguage continually as well as identifying the solution to every problems they mayhave. Therefore, the language won’t distinct among other languages. Parents play animportant role in maintaining one language by transmitting the culture to the nextgeneration. Furthermore, this study will discuss about the language maintenancethrough the aspects of intergeneration transmission, with the complexity of the problems that may occur in the real life

Timor leste collaborative project: a short report

This report discusses findings from a small-scale scoping study, which is part of a larger curriculum project—a collaborative venture between staff from the Universidade Nacional Timor Lorosa'e (UNTL) and a New Zealand university. The aim of the wider project is to develop a context-sensitive English language curriculum for students at UNTL who are undergoing pre-service training to be teachers of English as a foreign language in local secondary schools. (Details of the institutional and linguistic context are provided in the appendix.) According to Norton (2000), investment by learners is a key factor in the successful implementation of a new curriculum: "if learners invest in a second language, they do so with the understanding that they will acquire a wider range of symbolic and material resources, which will increase their value in the social world" (Norton, 2000, pp. 165-166). Thus, when designing the curriculum, it is important to ensure that the students will not only understand how to use the specific learning tasks but that it also expands their repertoire of skills and knowledge for application in their subsequent professional and social lives. The report begins by outlining the history and objectives of the project before explaining the specific research questions posed for the scoping study. The means of collecting data will be outlined and examples of the participants' attitudes will be presented based on open-ended questionnaire responses. These findings will be discussed in terms of how they might lead to the design of a curriculum which is internationally-framed and context-sensitive in terms both of its content and implementation. The report will conclude with the further steps that are being taken to move the project to its next phase

Maritime Indonesia and the Archipelagic Outlook; Some Reflections From a Multidisciplinary Perspective on Old Port Cities in Java

The present paper reflects on Indonesia\u27s status as an archipelagic state and a maritime nation from a historical perspective. It explores the background of a multi-year research project into Indonesia\u27s maritime past currently being undertaken at the Humanities Faculty of Universitas Indonesia. The multidisciplinary research uses toponymy, epigraphy, philology, and linguistic lines of analysis in examining old inscriptions and manuscripts and also includes site visits to a number of old port cities across the archipelago. We present here some of the core concepts behind the research such as the importance of the ancient port cities in a network of maritime trade and diplomacy, and link them to some contemporary issues such as the Archipelagic Outlook. This is based on a concept of territorial integrity that reflects Indonesia\u27s national identity and aspirations. It is hoped that the paper can extend the discussion about efforts to make maritime affairs a strategic geopolitical goal along with restoring Indonesia\u27s identity as a maritime nation

CHOICE OF LANGUAGE IN JOB TITLES AT VACANCY ADVERTISEMENTS

This study is a preliminary study which is conducted with the aimat figuring out the phenomenon of language choice in titling jobs in multilingual communities based on the paradigm of sociolinguistics. The samplesof this study are job titleswhich were advertised on the vacancy advertisements taken from a newspaper Saturday edition. This study uses both qualitative and quantitative methods. The result shows that there is a trend that vacancy advertisers are more likely to choose English language than bahasa Indonesia. This trend indicates that there is a positive attitude towards the English language and negative attitude towards bahasa Indonesia

STREAM Journal, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp 1-19. April-June 2003

CONTENTS: Livelihoods and languages: a SPARK-STREAM learning and communications process, by Kath Copley and William Savage. Towards broader contextual understandings of livelihoods, by Elizabeth M. Gonzales, Nguyen Song Ha, Rubu Mukherjee, Nilkanth Pokhrel and Sem Viryak. Using tools to build shared understandings, using a sustainable livelihoods framework to learn, by Nuchjaree Langkulsane. Learning about rattan as a livelihood, by Mariel de Jesus and Christine Bantug. Meanings of “community-managed area,” by Arif Aliadi. Lessons learnt about processes for learning and communicating, by Graham Haylor and Ronet Santos

UNDERSTANDING SHIFTING LANGUAGES ON INDONESIAN TELEVISION: UNDERSTANDING SOCIAL VALUE IN LATE CAPITALISM

The work of Bourdieu (1991), Hobsbawm (1990), Wallerstein (2004), and Bahktin (1981), among others, have become a cornerstone for understanding valuation processes attached to language as well as their relationships with political economy and processes of globalization in a period referred to as “late capitalism” (e.g. Blommaert, 2010; Goebel, 2010, In press; Heller, 2011; Heller & Duchene, 2012b). In this paper, I draw upon this work to offer an interpretation of the ongoing revaluation of languages in Indonesia, including the ideology of Indonesian as the language for doing unity in diversity. My empirical focus will primarily be material I have gathered from television in 2009. Central to my argument will be that as the Indonesian state has moved between centralized and decentralized regimes (often pushed by market forces) these processes have helped regiment multiple centres of normativity around language in Indonesia. With changing political and economic conditions in the early 1990’s local content became increasingly valued in the media. Some languages (and the ethnic groups associated with them) were increasingly commodified, as in the case of Si Doel (e.g. Loven, 2008; Sen & Hill, 2000). As it became clear that local content sinetron was a “sell well” genre, this genre was copied by many other producers of television content (Rachmah, 2006). At the same time, these market forces – and the decreasing influence of the state in determining how language was modelled on television – helped increase the social value of local languages and mixed languages (Goebel, In press). These processes effectively drove language change in the social domain of television

MAINTAINING FIRST LANGUAGE: BILINGUALS’ VOICES

Indonesia is known as a multicultural country which has thousand different languages Most of its citizens are believed to be able to communicate by using two or morelanguages. This qualitative research, by employing case study approach, was done withthe purpose of figuring out and describing bilinguals’ voices in maintaining their firstlanguage. The discussion centered on their ways to keep their first language. Thisresearch was conducted at Jambi University and ten participants took part in this casestudy. To get the data, the researcher distributed demographic questionnaires andinterviewed the participants. Then, the researcher used within case and cross casedisplays and analysis (Miles and Huberman, 1994) to analyze the interview data. Thefindings showed that there were three major ways done by bilinguals to maintain theyfirst language, among others; 1) Doing interaction, 2) The use of ICT, and 3) The use obooks and song

Factors Supporting and Hindering the Use of English at International Class Program (Icp) Faculty of Tarbiyah, UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

This study investigates factors supporting and hindering the implementation or the use of English by the students of International Class Program (ICP) Faculty of Tarbiyah, UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. The primary purpose of this study is to provide recommendations for the Faculty especially the program coor-dinator to acknowledge the problems that need to be solved. This study involved a number of students joining the program. To obtain the data, interviews and questionnaires were distributed to 30 students. After analyz-ing the data, factors supporting and hindering the use of English at ICP were identified. Factors supporting the program are: (1) the students\u27 motivation, (2) the role of lecturers, and (3) the instructional materials. However, some factors hindering the program include: (1) not all students had an electronic English diction-ary, (2) both the lecturers and the students were inconsistent to use English, (3) the poor students\u27 English mastery sometimes also hindered the teaching process, (4) there was no language forums held in English, (5) there was no language lab, (6) the students had not been aware of the importance of practicing English, (7) the ICP students claimed that most of the materials they learned were written in Indonesian. The program coordinator acknowledges the students\u27 interest in learning English. As has been stated before, most of the students have high motivation to learn English. Thus, the program coordinator (1) should notice this and be very sensitive with this situation, because the students\u27 motivation is a very important thing in gaining more English development, needs to give extended role to the lecturers. They are required not only teaching the content materials but also some aspects of English entities, (3) needs to explain clearly that both lecturers and students need to make an agreement regarding the consistency of using English. Key words: factors supporting, factors hindering, International Class Program (ICP