Resource Allocation in Moving Small Cell Network using Deep Learning based Interference Determination

© 2019 IEEE. Mobile cellular users traveling in city buses are experiencing poor quality of signals due to the interference and the large number of mobile devices. To enhance the Quality-of-Service (QoS), deployment of small cell networks in city buses is a promising solution. The deployment of small cells in vehicular environment makes the resource allocation more challenging because of the dynamic interference relationships experienced by them. Therefore, resource allocation in vehicular environment within moving small cells (MSCs) needs to be handled carefully. In this study, we investigate the problem of resource allocation in city bus transit system with multiple routes. Then, we propose a Percentage Threshold Interference Graph (PTIG) based allocation of resources to MSCs in a network. City buses of multiple routes travel with variable speed and may share some of the same road segments which make it difficult to extract the exact interference patterns between them. Therefore, Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks are used to predict the city buses locations. The predicted locations of city buses are then used to generate PTIG by finding the dynamic interference relationship between MSCs. Graph coloring algorithm is used to allocate the resources to PTIG. Numerical results are presented to show the comparison of resource allocation using PTIG and Time Interval based Interference Graph (TIIG) in terms of resource block utilization and time complexity

QoS enhancement with deep learning-based interference prediction in mobile IoT

© 2019 Elsevier B.V. With the acceleration in mobile broadband, wireless infrastructure plays a significant role in Internet-of-Things (IoT) to ensure ubiquitous connectivity in mobile environment, making mobile IoT (mIoT) as center of attraction. Usually intelligent systems are accomplished through mIoT which demands for the increased data traffic. To meet the ever-increasing demands of mobile users, integration of small cells is a promising solution. For mIoT, small cells provide enhanced Quality-of-Service (QoS) with improved data rates. In this paper, mIoT-small cell based network in vehicular environment focusing city bus transit system is presented. However, integrating small cells in vehicles for mIoT makes resource allocation challenging because of the dynamic interference present between small cells which may impact cellular coverage and capacity negatively. This article proposes Threshold Percentage Dependent Interference Graph (TPDIG) using Deep Learning-based resource allocation algorithm for city buses mounted with moving small cells (mSCs). Long–Short Term Memory (LSTM) based neural networks are considered to predict city buses locations for interference determination between mSCs. Comparative analysis of resource allocation using TPDIG, Time Interval Dependent Interference Graph (TIDIG), and Global Positioning System Dependent Interference Graph (GPSDIG) is presented in terms of Resource Block (RB) usage and average achievable data rate of mIoT-mSC network

Thirty Years of Machine Learning: The Road to Pareto-Optimal Wireless Networks

Future wireless networks have a substantial potential in terms of supporting a broad range of complex compelling applications both in military and civilian fields, where the users are able to enjoy high-rate, low-latency, low-cost and reliable information services. Achieving this ambitious goal requires new radio techniques for adaptive learning and intelligent decision making because of the complex heterogeneous nature of the network structures and wireless services. Machine learning (ML) algorithms have great success in supporting big data analytics, efficient parameter estimation and interactive decision making. Hence, in this article, we review the thirty-year history of ML by elaborating on supervised learning, unsupervised learning, reinforcement learning and deep learning. Furthermore, we investigate their employment in the compelling applications of wireless networks, including heterogeneous networks (HetNets), cognitive radios (CR), Internet of things (IoT), machine to machine networks (M2M), and so on. This article aims for assisting the readers in clarifying the motivation and methodology of the various ML algorithms, so as to invoke them for hitherto unexplored services as well as scenarios of future wireless networks.Comment: 46 pages, 22 fig

A survey on intelligent computation offloading and pricing strategy in UAV-Enabled MEC network: Challenges and research directions

The lack of resource constraints for edge servers makes it difficult to simultaneously perform a large number of Mobile Devices’ (MDs) requests. The Mobile Network Operator (MNO) must then select how to delegate MD queries to its Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) server in order to maximize the overall benefit of admitted requests with varying latency needs. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and Artificial Intelligent (AI) can increase MNO performance because of their flexibility in deployment, high mobility of UAV, and efficiency of AI algorithms. There is a trade-off between the cost incurred by the MD and the profit received by the MNO. Intelligent computing offloading to UAV-enabled MEC, on the other hand, is a promising way to bridge the gap between MDs' limited processing resources, as well as the intelligent algorithms that are utilized for computation offloading in the UAV-MEC network and the high computing demands of upcoming applications. This study looks at some of the research on the benefits of computation offloading process in the UAV-MEC network, as well as the intelligent models that are utilized for computation offloading in the UAV-MEC network. In addition, this article examines several intelligent pricing techniques in different structures in the UAV-MEC network. Finally, this work highlights some important open research issues and future research directions of Artificial Intelligent (AI) in computation offloading and applying intelligent pricing strategies in the UAV-MEC network

Hybrid Satellite-Terrestrial Communication Networks for the Maritime Internet of Things: Key Technologies, Opportunities, and Challenges

With the rapid development of marine activities, there has been an increasing number of maritime mobile terminals, as well as a growing demand for high-speed and ultra-reliable maritime communications to keep them connected. Traditionally, the maritime Internet of Things (IoT) is enabled by maritime satellites. However, satellites are seriously restricted by their high latency and relatively low data rate. As an alternative, shore & island-based base stations (BSs) can be built to extend the coverage of terrestrial networks using fourth-generation (4G), fifth-generation (5G), and beyond 5G services. Unmanned aerial vehicles can also be exploited to serve as aerial maritime BSs. Despite of all these approaches, there are still open issues for an efficient maritime communication network (MCN). For example, due to the complicated electromagnetic propagation environment, the limited geometrically available BS sites, and rigorous service demands from mission-critical applications, conventional communication and networking theories and methods should be tailored for maritime scenarios. Towards this end, we provide a survey on the demand for maritime communications, the state-of-the-art MCNs, and key technologies for enhancing transmission efficiency, extending network coverage, and provisioning maritime-specific services. Future challenges in developing an environment-aware, service-driven, and integrated satellite-air-ground MCN to be smart enough to utilize external auxiliary information, e.g., sea state and atmosphere conditions, are also discussed

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-Enabled Wireless Communications and Networking

The emerging massive density of human-held and machine-type nodes implies larger traffic deviatiolns in the future than we are facing today. In the future, the network will be characterized by a high degree of flexibility, allowing it to adapt smoothly, autonomously, and efficiently to the quickly changing traffic demands both in time and space. This flexibility cannot be achieved when the network’s infrastructure remains static. To this end, the topic of UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) have enabled wireless communications, and networking has received increased attention. As mentioned above, the network must serve a massive density of nodes that can be either human-held (user devices) or machine-type nodes (sensors). If we wish to properly serve these nodes and optimize their data, a proper wireless connection is fundamental. This can be achieved by using UAV-enabled communication and networks. This Special Issue addresses the many existing issues that still exist to allow UAV-enabled wireless communications and networking to be properly rolled out

Learning to Fulfill the User Demands in 5G-enabled Wireless Networks through Power Allocation: a Reinforcement Learning approach

The goal of the study presented in this paper is to evaluate the performance of a proposed Reinforcement Learning (RL) power allocation algorithm. The algorithm follows a demand-driven power adjustment approach aiming at maximizing the number of users inside a coverage area that experience the requested throughput to accommodate their needs. In this context, different Quality of Service (QoS) classes, corresponding to different throughput demands, have been taken into account in various simulation scenarios. Considering a realistic network configuration, the performance of the RL algorithm is tested under strict user demands. The results suggest that the proposed modeling of the RL parameters, namely the state space and the rewarding system, is promising when the network controller attempts to fulfill the user requests by regulating the power of base stations. Based on comparative simulations, even for strict demands requested by multiple users (2.5 – 5 Mbps), the proposed scheme achieves a performance rate of about 96%