Reference Model in Design Science Research to Gather and Model Information

Design science research, at its current stage, does not offer consistent and detailed phases to guide researchers to manage information systems projects. In this paper we introduce a reference model that covers its phase of creating artefacts. This model serves as a base to gather relevant information in producing solutions to business’ problems in design science context. One aspect of the model is the capability to represent and reuse knowledge. In the domain context, it reflects the relevant knowledge based on domain-specific concepts and relations. This is achieved thanks to activities responsible for literature review, collaboration with practitioners, and information-modelling. The contribution of the paper is that application of the reference model helps improve the quality of design science artefacts, and provides researchers with choices of techniques that might be appropriate for most design science projects

Application of the Collaboration Facets of the Reference Model in Design Science Paradigm

Current challenges in design science research aim for consisting and detailed phases to guide design science researchers to manage projects in the information systems field. By having taken this challenge, we present a reference model, which serves as the foundation to structure information in construction of business process model artefacts in design science research. It contains activities responsible for literature review, collaboration with practitioners, and information-modelling. In this paper we demonstrate the collaboration with practitioners facet of the model to answer a question of how to construct a business process model artefact with practitioners from the field. The contribution of the paper is that application of the collaboration with practitioners activities in the context of design science supports the quality of design science artefacts, and provides design science researchers with choices of techniques

Design Science Evaluation – Example of Experimental Design

Evaluation plays a major part in Design Science Research; however, researchers provide very little examples of how one could actually conduct this part at the operational research level. To address this need, we present an example of utility evaluation of design science artifact using an experimental design. We investigate whether an artifact as a treatment of for process development in design science research methodology improved the representational information quality of design science artifacts. The control condition is that each practitioner was presented with two artifacts in a basic two-condition repeated measures design. The improvement was measured after examining each artifact using paperquestionnaire. The paper presents DS researchers to numerous benefits that a simple experiment can provide

An IoT Architecture as a means of Optimizing Downy and Powdery Mildew Diseases Recognition in Portuguese Vineyards

Dissertation presented as the partial requirement for obtaining a Master's degree in Information Management, specialization in Information Systems and Technologies ManagementThe agriculture is a livelihood of an expressively number of people and companies in Portugal, and before covid time surpassed 1.000 Million EUR, so it is an important portion and should be, at least, maintained. A part of this agricultural production is destinated to produce wine, that itself a part of the Portuguese culture, and to help the vineyards health increase this work aims to understand the grape-fruit diseases, his types, and mainly how can be detected as early as possible. A reliable way to disease detection can facilitate treatment and possible cure of the vine, through proper management strategies and can improve productivity. This research aims to propose a new architecture thar can provides a better solution for this disease identification. The proposed architecture is supported on the Internet of Things sensors technologies, that works 24/7 and, nowadays, are not expensive and bring another protection to the vineyards

Scenario-based requirements elicitation for user-centric explainable AI

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) develops technical explanation methods and enable interpretability for human stakeholders on why Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) models provide certain predictions. However, the trust of those stakeholders into AI models and explanations is still an issue, especially domain experts, who are knowledgeable about their domain but not AI inner workings. Social and user-centric XAI research states it is essential to understand the stakeholder’s requirements to provide explanations tailored to their needs, and enhance their trust in working with AI models. Scenario-based design and requirements elicitation can help bridge the gap between social and operational aspects of a stakeholder early before the adoption of information systems and identify its real problem and practices generating user requirements. Nevertheless, it is still rarely explored the adoption of scenarios in XAI, especially in the domain of fraud detection to supporting experts who are about to work with AI models. We demonstrate the usage of scenario-based requirements elicitation for XAI in a fraud detection context, and develop scenarios derived with experts in banking fraud. We discuss how those scenarios can be adopted to identify user or expert requirements for appropriate explanations in his daily operations and to make decisions on reviewing fraudulent cases in banking. The generalizability of the scenarios for further adoption is validated through a systematic literature review in domains of XAI and visual analytics for fraud detection

Metodologia de Análise de Artefatos : usando a Ciência do Design para aperfeiçoar metodologias para desenvolver ontologias

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ciência da Informação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação, 2019.Fundamentada na Ciência da Informação, mais especificamente na Organização do Conhecimento, essa pesquisa usou teorias da Ciência do Design para investigar o processo de desenvolvimento de ontologias, por meio da criação e aplicação de uma Metodologia de Análise de Artefatos (MAA). A MAA foi aplicada em três diferentes metodologias de desenvolvimento de ontologias e, por meio de análises individuais e comparativas, foram geradas quinze recomendações para aumentar o rigor e a efetividade desses artefatos. Além da validação da MMA, outras contribuições relevantes da pesquisa são a desambiguação do termo ontologia, a construção de tipologias para classificar as ontologias e o fortalecimento do design como paradigma de pesquisa em diferentes campos.Based on Information Science, more specifically in the Knowledge Organization discipline, this research used Design Science theories to investigate the process of ontology development, through the creation and application of an Artifact Analysis Methodology (AAM). The AAM was applied in three different ontology development methodologies, and through individual and comparative analyzes, fifteen recommendations were generated to increase the effectiveness of these artifacts. Besides validating the AAM, other relevant research contributions were the disambiguation of the term ontology, the construction of typologies to support ontologies classification, and the strengthening of the design as a paradigm of research in different fields

Eine Analyse der Literatur zur Referenzmodellierung im Geschäftsprozessmanagement unter Berücksichtigung quantitativer Methoden

Im Geschäftsprozessmanagement nimmt die Referenzmodellierung bei der Gestaltung von Geschäftsprozessen eine große Bedeutung ein, da auf bereits existierende Modelle zurückgegriffen werden kann. So kann Zeit für die Entwicklung der Prozesse eingespart und von bereits etabliertem Wissen profitiert werden. Die vorliegende Masterarbeit analysiert die Literatur im Bereich der Referenzmodellierung im Geschäftsprozessmanagement unter Berücksichtigung quantitativer Methoden. Es werden insbesondere die Forschungsrichtungen bzw. Themenbereiche, Entwicklungen und der aktuelle Stand der Literatur in diesem Bereich ermittelt. Zunächst werden deutsch- und englischsprachige Artikel nach bestimmten Kriterien ausgewählt. Anschließend folgt eine quantitativ orientierte Analyse der Literatur. Dabei kommt die Latente Semantische Analyse zum Einsatz, mit deren Hilfe Themenbereiche ermittelt werden und die einzelnen Beiträge den ermittelten Themenbereichen zugeordnet werden können. Darüber hinaus wird die Entwicklung der Anzahl der Artikel in den Themenbereichen im Zeitverlauf betrachtet und auf Unterschiede zwischen der deutsch- und englischsprachigen Literatur eingegangen. In der darauf folgenden qualitativ orientierten Analyse werden die Artikel der einzelnen Themenbereiche inhaltlich analysiert und der aktuelle Stand der Forschung dargestellt. Nicht zuletzt werden die Ergebnisse der qualitativen Analyse in Bezug zu den Ergebnissen der quantitativen Analyse gesetzt

A Process Model for Continuous Public Service Improvement: Demonstrated in Local Government Context for Smart Cities.

The new era of the smart city is accompanied by Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and many other technologies to improve the quality of life for the citizen of the modern city, that in turn, has brought immense opportunities as well as challenges for government and organizations. Local authorities of the cities provide multiple services across different domains to the citizens (e.g. transport, health, environment, housing, etc.). Citizens are involved during different stages of smart city services and provide their feedback across those domains. Existing smart city initiatives provide various technological platforms for gathering citizens’ feedback to provide improved quality of services to them. Even though technological developments have resulted in a higher degree of digitalization, there is a need for improvement in the services provided by municipalities. There are multiple engagement platforms to obtain citizens’ feedback for the improvement of smart city services and to transform public services. However, limited studies consider the challenges faced by practitioners at the local level during the incorporation of those feedback for further service improvement. As a result, city services fail to fulfil the need of citizens and do not meet the goals set by existing engagement platforms. Technology-oriented solutions in the public sector domain require a logical and structured approach for the transformation of public services and digitalization. Enterprise Architecture (EA) can provide this structured approach to transform public services by providing a medium to manage change, and to respond to the need of multiple stakeholders including citizens. Thus, this research proposes a process model based on the guidelines of EA and the collaboration with practitioners that would assist local authorities to provide improved services to the citizens and fulfil their needs