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The role of HG in the analysis of temporal iteration and interaural correlation
A Wearable EEG System for Closed-Loop Neuromodulation of High-Frequency Sleep-Related Oscillations
In healthy sleepers, cortical alpha oscillations are present during the
transition from wakefulness to sleep, and dissipate at sleep onset. For
individuals with insomnia, alpha power is elevated during the wake-sleep
transition and can persist throughout the night. Neuromodulation techniques
using phase-locked stimulation have been put forth as alternatives to drugs for
improving slow-wave sleep quality. Due to technical limitations, this approach
has not been tested on faster frequency alpha oscillations. Here we examine the
feasibility of using an endpoint-corrected version of the Hilbert Transform
(ecHT) algorithm implemented on-device to measure alpha phase and deliver
phase-locked auditory stimulation to modulate alpha and promote sleep
initiation. First, the ecHT algorithm is implemented on a tabletop
electroencephalogram (EEG) device and used to measure the timing of the
auditory evoked response and its delivery at precise phases of the alpha
oscillation. Secondly, a pilot at-home study tests feasibility to use a
wearable version of the neuromodulation device for real-time phase-locked
stimulation in the alpha (8-12 Hz) frequency range. Auditory stimulation was
delivered at the intended phases of alpha with high precision, and alpha
oscillations were affected differently by stimuli delivered at opposing phases.
Our wearable system was capable of measuring sleep micro- and macro-events
present in the EEG that were appropriate for clinical sleep scoring. Sleep
onset latencies were reduced for a subset of subjects displaying sleep onset
insomnia symptoms in the stimulation condition. This study demonstrates the
feasibility of closed-loop tracking and neuromodulation of alpha oscillations
using a wearable EEG device. Preliminary results suggest that this approach
could be used to accelerate sleep initiation in individuals with objective
insomnia symptoms.Comment: 31 pages, 10 main figures, 5 supplementary figure
Identifying Electrophysiological Components of Covert Awareness in Patients with Disorders of Consciousness
Naturalistic stimuli evoke synchronous patterns of neural activity between individuals in sensory and higher cognitive, āexecutiveā networks of the brain. fMRI paradigms developed to measure this inter-subject synchronization have been extended to test for executive processing in behaviourally non-responsive patients as a neural marker of awareness. This thesis adapted one such paradigm for use in EEG, a low-cost, portable neuroimaging technique that can be administered at a patientās bedside. Healthy participants listened to a suspenseful auditory narrative during EEG recording. Significant inter-subject synchronization was found throughout the audio but was significantly reduced during a scrambled control condition. This paradigm was then used to evaluate executive processing in a cohort of patients. One locked-in patient and one patient in a vegetative state were significantly synchronized to healthy controls during the audio. EEG is a suitable tool to detect executive processing, a proxy measure of awareness, in patients who are behaviourally non-responsive
Psychologie und Gehirn 2007
Die Fachtagung "Psychologie und Gehirn" ist eine traditionelle Tagung aus dem Bereich psychophysiologischer Grundlagenforschung. 2007 fand diese Veranstaltung, die 33. Jahrestagung der āDeutschen Gesellschaft fĆ¼r Psychophysiologie und ihre Anwendungen (DGPA)ā, in Dortmund unter der Schirmherrschaft des Instituts fĆ¼r Arbeitsphysiologie (IfADo) statt. Neben der Grundlagenforschung ist auch die Umsetzung in die Anwendung erklƤrtes Ziel der DGPA und dieser Tradition folgend wurden BeitrƤge aus vielen Bereichen moderner Neurowissenschaft (Elektrophysiologie, bildgebende Verfahren, Peripherphysiologie, Neuroendokrinologie, Verhaltensgenetik, u.a.) prƤsentiert und liegen hier in Kurzform vor
A Large-Scale Study of a Sleep Tracking and Improving Device with Closed-loop and Personalized Real-time Acoustic Stimulation
Various intervention therapies ranging from pharmaceutical to hi-tech
tailored solutions have been available to treat difficulty in falling asleep
commonly caused by insomnia in modern life. However, current techniques largely
remain ill-suited, ineffective, and unreliable due to their lack of precise
real-time sleep tracking, in-time feedback on the therapies, an ability to keep
people asleep during the night, and a large-scale effectiveness evaluation.
Here, we introduce a novel sleep aid system, called Earable, that can
continuously sense multiple head-based physiological signals and simultaneously
enable closed-loop auditory stimulation to entrain brain activities in time for
effective sleep promotion. We develop the system in a lightweight, comfortable,
and user-friendly headband with a comprehensive set of algorithms and dedicated
own-designed audio stimuli. We conducted multiple protocols from 883 sleep
studies on 377 subjects (241 women, 119 men) wearing either a gold-standard
device (PSG), Earable, or both concurrently. We demonstrate that our system
achieves (1) a strong correlation (0.89 +/- 0.03) between the physiological
signals acquired by Earable and those from the gold-standard PSG, (2) an 87.8
+/- 5.3% agreement on sleep scoring using our automatic real-time sleep staging
algorithm with the consensus scored by three sleep technicians, and (3) a
successful non-pharmacological stimulation alternative to effectively shorten
the duration of sleep falling by 24.1 +/- 0.1 minutes. These results show that
the efficacy of Earable exceeds existing techniques in intentions to promote
fast falling asleep, track sleep state accurately, and achieve high social
acceptance for real-time closed-loop personalized neuromodulation-based home
sleep care.Comment: 33 pages, 8 figure
Effects of dance therapy on balance, gait and neuro-psychological performances in patients with Parkinson's disease and postural instability
Postural Instability (PI) is a core feature of
Parkinsonās Disease (PD) and a major cause of falls and disabilities. Impairment of executive functions has been called as an aggravating factor on motor performances. Dance therapy has been shown effective for improving gait and has been suggested as an alternative rehabilitative method.
To evaluate gait performance, spatial-temporal (S-T) gait
parameters and cognitive performances in a cohort of patients with PD and PI modifications in balance after a cycle of dance therapy
Seizure Detection, Seizure Prediction, and Closed-Loop Warning Systems in Epilepsy
Nearly one-third of patients with epilepsy continue to have seizures despite optimal medication management. Systems employed to detect seizures may have the potential to improve outcomes in these patients by allowing more tailored therapies and might, additionally, have a role in accident and SUDEP prevention. Automated seizure detection and prediction require algorithms which employ feature computation and subsequent classification. Over the last few decades, methods have been developed to detect seizures utilizing scalp and intracranial EEG, electrocardiography, accelerometry and motion sensors, electrodermal activity, and audio/video captures. To date, it is unclear which combination of detection technologies yields the best results, and approaches may ultimately need to be individualized. This review presents an overview of seizure detection and related prediction methods and discusses their potential uses in closed-loop warning systems in epilepsy
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