10,169 research outputs found
The Mathematical Facts Of Games Of Chance Between Exposure, Teaching, And Contribution To Cognitive Therapies: Principles Of An Optimal Mathematical Intervention For Responsible Gambling
On the question of whether gambling behavior can be changed as result of teaching gamblers the mathematics of gambling, past studies have yielded contradictory results, and a clear conclusion has not yet been drawn. In this paper, I bring some criticisms to the empirical studies that tended to answer no to this hypothesis, regarding the sampling and laboratory testing, and I argue that an optimal mathematical scholastic intervention with the objective of preventing problem gambling is possible, by providing the principles that would optimize the structure and content of the teaching module. Given the ethical aspects of the exposure of mathematical facts behind games of chance, and starting from the slots case â where the parametric design is missing, we have to draw a line between ethical and optional information with respect to the mathematical content provided by a scholastic intervention. Arguing for the role of mathematics in problem-gambling prevention and treatment, interdisciplinary research directions are drawn toward implementing an optimal mathematical module in cognitive therapies
Elaboration of the Coale-McNeil Nuptiality Model as The Generalized Log Gamma Distribution
The Coale-McNeil nuptiality model is a particular case of the generalized log gamma distribution model. In this paper, we demonstrate that recognition of this connection allows an expansion of the possible applications of the Coale-McNeil model. As examples, we propose a procedure to develop country specific standard schedules, and illustrate the utility in regression analysis (directly and via the competing risk framework). In addition, we employ this identification to enhance the ability of the models with empirical adjustment to trace the trajectory of the lifetime schedule for cohorts which have not completed the process. We illustrate an application to Japanese female cohorts. We also propose an application to fertility projection by modeling the fertility schedule by birth order.Coale-McNeil nuptiality model, fertility projection, first marriage schedule, generalized gamma distribution, marriage, nuptiality
Marketing Mothers\u27 Milk: The Commodification of Breastfeeding and the New Markets for Breast Milk and Infant Formula
Today, breastfeeding, human breast milk, and its substitute, infant formula, are commodities. Mothers\u27 milk is marketed both literally and figuratively, as a good for sale, a normative behavior, and a cure for much of what ails twenty-first century America. Like previous exploitations of women\u27s bodies, including their eggs and uteruses, the idea that human milk is a valuable good that can be given away, traded in a market, or subjected to scientific experimentation raises fundamental moral and legal questions. This Article examines the marketing of breastfeeding, the emerging markets in human milk, and the growing market in infant formula through the lenses of bioethics, market analysis, and the commodification critique. This Article also examines the unique role of the medical profession in shaping the markets in human milk and infant formula
"Quantization is a mystery"
Expository notes which combine a historical survey of the development of
quantum physics with a review of selected mathematical topics in quantization
theory (addressed to students that are not complete novices in quantum
mechanics).
After recalling in the introduction the early stages of the quantum
revolution, and recapitulating in Sect. 2.1 some basic notions of symplectic
geometry, we survey in Sect. 2.2 the so called prequantization thus preparing
the ground for an outline of geometric quantization (Sect. 2.3). In Sect. 3 we
apply the general theory to the study of basic examples of quantization of
Kaehler manifolds. In Sect. 4 we review the Weyl and Wigner maps and the work
of Groenewold and Moyal that laid the foundations of quantum mechanics in phase
space, ending with a brief survey of the modern development of deformation
quantization. Sect. 5 provides a review of second quantization and its
mathematical interpretation. We point out that the treatment of
(nonrelativistic) bound states requires going beyond the neat mathematical
formalization of the concept of second quantization. An appendix is devoted to
Pascual Jordan, the least known among the creators of quantum mechanics and the
chief architect of the "theory of quantized matter waves".Comment: lecture notes, 51 page
Deterministic chaos theory and forecasting in Social Sciences. Contribution to the discussion
Forecasting social phenomena may be hampered in many ways. This is because in nature of these phenomena lies strong and multilateral connection with other social phenomena; but not only â also physical and biological (natural) ones. The content of this publication constitutes presentation of chosen problems of forecasting in social sciences. The attention in the article was focused among others on deterministic chaos theory, on the attempt of its implementation to phenomena from the scope (or from borderline) of social sciences: economy, logistics, science about safety etc. Moreover, one of the threads of ponderation was the attempt to consider whether itâs possible to create so-called final theory. The aim of the publication is to signalize possibilities of taking advantage of seemingly exotic for âpolitical scientistsâ methodology of modeling and explaining phenomena, having its source in exact sciences (in chaos theory) to study social phenomena and processes
Generalizability in Document Layout Analysis for Scientific Article Figure & Caption Extraction
The lack of generalizability -- in which a model trained on one dataset
cannot provide accurate results for a different dataset -- is a known problem
in the field of document layout analysis. Thus, when a model is used to locate
important page objects in scientific literature such as figures, tables,
captions, and math formulas, the model often cannot be applied successfully to
new domains. While several solutions have been proposed, including newer and
updated deep learning models, larger hand-annotated datasets, and the
generation of large synthetic datasets, so far there is no "magic bullet" for
translating a model trained on a particular domain or historical time period to
a new field. Here we present our ongoing work in translating our document
layout analysis model from the historical astrophysical literature to the
larger corpus of scientific documents within the HathiTrust U.S. Federal
Documents collection. We use this example as an avenue to highlight some of the
problems with generalizability in the document layout analysis community and
discuss several challenges and possible solutions to address these issues. All
code for this work is available on The Reading Time Machine GitHub repository
(https://github.com/ReadingTimeMachine/htrc_short_conf).Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures, submitted as part of AEOLIAN Workshop 5: Making
More Sense With Machines: AI/ML Methods for Interrogating and Understanding
Our Textual Heritage in the Humanities, Natural Sciences, and Social Science
Lewis meets Brouwer: constructive strict implication
C. I. Lewis invented modern modal logic as a theory of "strict implication".
Over the classical propositional calculus one can as well work with the unary
box connective. Intuitionistically, however, the strict implication has greater
expressive power than the box and allows to make distinctions invisible in the
ordinary syntax. In particular, the logic determined by the most popular
semantics of intuitionistic K becomes a proper extension of the minimal normal
logic of the binary connective. Even an extension of this minimal logic with
the "strength" axiom, classically near-trivial, preserves the distinction
between the binary and the unary setting. In fact, this distinction and the
strong constructive strict implication itself has been also discovered by the
functional programming community in their study of "arrows" as contrasted with
"idioms". Our particular focus is on arithmetical interpretations of the
intuitionistic strict implication in terms of preservativity in extensions of
Heyting's Arithmetic.Comment: Our invited contribution to the collection "L.E.J. Brouwer, 50 years
later
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