The Future of Infill Housing in California: Opportunities, Potential, and Feasibility

This article presents a methodology for using county tax assessor records and other geographic information system and secondary source data to develop realistic estimates of community, county, and statewide infill housing potential in California. We first identify the number, acreage, average size, and spatial distribution of vacant and potentially redevelopable parcels within three types of infill counting areas. We then develop a schema for determining appropriate infill housing densities based on transit service availability, local land use mix and character, and initial neighborhood densities. We use this schema to generate local, county, and statewide estimates of infill housing potential. These are then carefully evaluated in terms of their parcel size and financial feasibility, the likelihood that construction will displace existing low-income renters, and the contribution to cumulative overdevelopment. We conclude with a brief discussion of state-level policy changes that would reduce barriers to market-led infill housing construction

Purposeful Ephemera: The Implications of Self-Destructing Space Technology for the Future Practice of Archaeology

This chapter is presented from the perspective of a professional archaeologist who specializes in Greek archaeology, intercultural contact and exchange, and the ethics of cultural heritage. His chapter investigates the mandates for discard and “design for demise” of space objects in the wider context of cultural phenomena from all cultures. The chapter finds comparanda for purposeful ephemera in examples from the media of performance, architecture, and visual art

Single-shot compressed ultrafast photography: a review

Compressed ultrafast photography (CUP) is a burgeoning single-shot computational imaging technique that provides an imaging speed as high as 10 trillion frames per second and a sequence depth of up to a few hundred frames. This technique synergizes compressed sensing and the streak camera technique to capture nonrepeatable ultrafast transient events with a single shot. With recent unprecedented technical developments and extensions of this methodology, it has been widely used in ultrafast optical imaging and metrology, ultrafast electron diffraction and microscopy, and information security protection. We review the basic principles of CUP, its recent advances in data acquisition and image reconstruction, its fusions with other modalities, and its unique applications in multiple research fields

Designing a Data Warehouse for Collected Data About User Activity in Social Networks Using Elasticsearch

In this paper, a data storage data warehouse is designed to store collected data from social networks. Creating indexes with data and selecting a configuration with the appropriate number of shards and replicas is described – the primary states of the cluster and possibilities of its scaling. The features of working with the non-relational Elasticsearch database are described when working with data on user activity in social network posts. Among social networks, Facebook and Instagram were chosen for analysis. The paper describes the advantages and disadvantages of using such a data store compared to Apache Kafka.Analysed existing data insertion Application Program Interfaces (APIs) and data visualisation tools integrated with Elasticsearch. The study describes the use of the Bulk API to insert many records at once into a database. The designed data warehouse uses Kibana, a data visualisation and analytics tool integrated with the selected database. Also, it is shown the ability to insert and view logs using Elasticsearch, Logstash, and Kibana (ELK stack). Tested data ingest by logging into the database using Beats. The obtained results can help implement a system for analysing user activities from social network data based on Elasticsearch as a central component

Life after crisis for capital and labor in the era of neoliberal globalization

The aim of this paper is to discuss the outcomes of neoliberal globalization from the perspective of labor in the developing countries, with a particular emphasis on the crises that followed the substantial liberalization in capital accounts in the 1990s. Although a lot has been said about the effects of capital account liberalization on the macroeconomic performance of the economies, less attention is paid to the different effects on labor vs. capital. This paper analyses the outcomes of neoliberal globalization for labor in nine developing countries, and focuses on the episodes of crisis as part of the general class struggle where the question on who will carry the burden of adjustment is a part of the struggle. The paper describes the corner stones of the regime of growth in the neoliberal era, by analyzing the trends in growth, investment, unemployment, and labor's share in income, and discusses the effects of the shocks generated by crises on these variables. We empirically test whether the lower wage share has had any effect on unemployment, as the neoclassical theory claims, or whether unemployment is primarily driven by the goods market conditions a la Keynes. An empirical analysis about the cyclical behaviour of labor's share is carried on to understand whether the crises episodes change the effect of demand on distribution. Since the source of growth can also be important on how the generated output is distributed, we also discuss the effects of investment performance on labor's share. Then we proceed with an analysis of the specific consequences of economic policy choices on distribution, in terms of exchange rate and fiscal policies. Finally we discuss the core stones of an alternative policy framework. (author's abstract)Series: Working Papers Series "Growth and Employment in Europe: Sustainability and Competitiveness

A novel queue management policy for delay-tolerant networks

Delay-tolerant networks (DTNs) have attracted increasing attention from governments, academia and industries in recent years. They are designed to provide a communication channel that exploits the inherent mobility of trams, buses and cars. However, the resulting highly dynamic network suffers from frequent disconnections, thereby making node-to-node communications extremely challenging. Researchers have thus proposed many routing/forwarding strategies in order to achieve high delivery ratios and/or low latencies and/or low overheads. Their main idea is to have nodes store and carry information bundles until a forwarding opportunity arises. This, however, creates the following problems. Nodes may have short contacts and/or insufficient buffer space. Consequently, nodes need to determine (i) the delivery order of bundles at each forwarding opportunity and (ii) the bundles that should be dropped when their buffer is full. To this end, we propose an efficient scheduling and drop policy for use under quota-based protocols. In particular, we make use of the encounter rate of nodes and context information such as time to live, number of available replicas and maximum number of forwarded bundle replicas to derive a bundle\u27s priority. Simulation results, over a service quality metric comprising of delivery, delay and overhead, show that the proposed policy achieves up to 80 % improvement when nodes have an infinite buffer and up to 35 % when nodes have a finite buffer over six popular queuing policies: Drop Oldest (DO), Last Input First Output (LIFO), First Input First Output (FIFO), Most FOrwarded first (MOFO), LEast PRobable first (LEPR) and drop bundles with the greatest hop-count (HOP-COUNT)

Caveolin-1 loss of function accelerates glucose transporter 4 and insulin receptor degradation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

Caveolae are a specialized type of lipid rafts that are stabilized by oligomers of caveolin protein. Caveolae are particularly enriched in adipocytes. Here we analyzed the effects of caveolin-1 knockdown and caveolae ablation on adipocyte function. To this end, we obtained several multiclonal mouse 3T3-L1 cell lines with a reduced expression of caveolin-1 (95% reduction) by a small interfering RNA approach using lentiviral vectors. Control cell lines were obtained by lentiviral infection with lentiviral vectors encoding appropriate scrambled RNAs. Caveolin-1 knockdown adipocytes showed a drastic reduction in the number of caveolae (95% decrease) and cholera toxin labeling was reorganized in dynamic plasma membrane microdomains. Caveolin-1 depletion caused a specific decrease in glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and insulin receptor protein levels. This reduction was not the result of a generalized defect in adipocyte differentiation or altered gene expression but was explained by faster degradation of these proteins. Caveolin-1 knockdown adipocytes showed reductions in insulin-stimulated glucose transport, insulin-triggered GLUT4 recruitment to the cell surface, and insulin receptor activation. In all, our data indicate that caveolin-1 loss of function reduces maximal insulin response through lowered stability and diminished expression of insulin receptors and GLUT4. We propose that caveolin-1/caveolae control insulin action in adipose cells. Copyright © 2009 by The Endocrine Society.E.G.-M. was a Formación de Profesorado Universitario fellow from Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia (MEC), Spain; M.C. was a Ramón y Cajal researcher from the MEC. This study was supported by research grants from the MEC (BMC2003-07279; BFU2006-13466/BMC; GEN2003-20662-C07), the Generalitat de Catalunya (2005SGR00947), and the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas).Peer Reviewe