ADVANCED EMBEDDED SYSTEM ASSISTED GSM AND RFID BASED SMART SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

ABSTRACT: Among the various technological devices and systems, global system for mobile communication (GSM) is believed as an efficient and fast enough technique that can perform efficient, real time object identification and fast reporting. GSM based tracking system will pass complete information about, where the object (student) and its activities. The RFID system is utilized as a board module to attach the parts of the object (bag, identity card, tag, etc) and follow the object then and there. The designed model is studied under laboratory scale and the results are analysed. Keywords: GSM, RFID, PIC Microcontroller, Security, GSM modem. I.INTRODUCTION The risk of insecure is increasing with increasing populations, as the consequence, large magnitude of hijacks is reported. The major risk faced by the school management as well as the parental side is that the identification of the location of the pupils and their safety measures. The statistical reports perceive that most of the students are hijacked, when they are crossing the school boundary or school entrance area Advanced embedded system assisted GSM and RFID based smart school management system is used to give an access for the operation by habitual recognition of the person based upon the RFID tag information. As an example, for entrance control of an organization, the RFID tag and its reader are designed with predefined unique code of tag for individual school student. Whenever the tag is read by reader, it compares the code with the predefined codes in the machine. On the basis of correctness of the information, it sends an acknowledgement (in the form of text message) to the parents of that particular student and the same protocol is followed for all the pupils of the school. Another important feature of the system is that it maintains a record of attendance about the pupil (i.e.) "in time" "out time" which can be further transferred to the administrator via network systems. Through which we can easily compute the attendance status of the students within no time. This machine can also help to avoid human involvement in keeping the attendance record. Thus, reduction of the manpower held in the organization. This machine ensures accurate access control and record keeping. II. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION DETAILS A. RFID: Many types of RFID exist, but at the highest-level, we can classify RFID devices into two classes namely, active and passive tags. Active tags require power source either connected to powered infrastructure or use energy stored in an integrated battery. In the laterals, tag's lifetime is limited by stored energy, balanced against the number of read operations. As an example, an active tag is the transponder attached to an aircraft that identify the national origin. The numbers insisted in the tags represent the identification number of the candidate. The RFID utilized in the current system is given below

Using Battery-Less RFID Tags with Augmented Capabilities in the Internet of Things

Driven by user demand for new smart systems in the framework of the Internet of Things (IoT) and fueled by technological advances in Radiofrequency Identification (RFID), an increasing number of new IoT-oriented RFID-based devices has appeared in recent years in scientific literature. Some of them conjugate canonical RFID identification with extra functionalities such as sensing, reasoning, memorization, and actuation. In this way, IoT challenging applications can be developed, which distribute processing load till to the extreme nodes of the network, while lying upon the well-established RFID infrastructure. In this work, a reasoned panoramic on the potentialities in the IoT framework of augmented RFID tags is presented and classified. Two applicative scenarios are envisioned, presented and discussed, to illustrate how augmented RFID devices may support advanced IoT systems

M-health review: joining up healthcare in a wireless world

In recent years, there has been a huge increase in the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) to deliver health and social care. This trend is bound to continue as providers (whether public or private) strive to deliver better care to more people under conditions of severe budgetary constraint

RFID Sensor-Tags Feeding a Context-Aware Rule-Based Healthcare Monitoring System

Along with the growing of the aging population and the necessity of efficient wellness systems, there is a mounting demand for new technological solutions able to support remote and proactive healthcare. An answer to this need could be provided by the joint use of the emerging Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technologies and advanced software choices. This paper presents a proposal for a context-aware infrastructure for ubiquitous and pervasive monitoring of heterogeneous healthcare-related scenarios, fed by RFID-based wireless sensors nodes. The software framework is based on a general purpose architecture exploiting three key implementation choices: ontology representation, multi-agent paradigm and rule-based logic. From the hardware point of view, the sensing and gathering of context-data is demanded to a new Enhanced RFID Sensor-Tag. This new device, de facto, makes possible the easy integration between RFID and generic sensors, guaranteeing flexibility and preserving the benefits in terms of simplicity of use and low cost of UHF RFID technology. The system is very efficient and versatile and its customization to new scenarios requires a very reduced effort, substantially limited to the update/extension of the ontology codification. Its effectiveness is demonstrated by reporting both customization effort and performance results obtained from validation in two different healthcare monitoring contexts

Propuesta de un sistema para el monitoreo de adultos mayores con depresión: uso de biomarcadores y patrones de conducta

226 páginas. Doctorado en Diseño.Este documento presenta la investigación realizada para optar por el grado de Doctor en Diseño. El propósito es del desarrollo de un sistema para el monitoreo de adultos mayores en estado de depresión mediante el uso de biomarcadores como lo es el ritmo cardiaco, la temperatura y la actividad del día a día de las personas. Este trabajo está compuesto por una investigación teórica para la formación de estado del arte, seguido de una investigación empírica conducida por tres casos de estudio: el primero, para lograr una aproximación tecnológica; el segundo, para identificar el funcionamiento del sistema general y el tercero por la aplicación del sistema en pacientes para medir la experiencia de usuario

Chipless RFID sensor systems for structural health monitoring

Ph. D. ThesisDefects in metallic structures such as crack and corrosion are major sources of catastrophic failures, and thus monitoring them is a crucial issue. As periodic inspection using the nondestructive testing and evaluation (NDT&E) techniques is slow, costly, limited in range, and cumbersome, novel methods for in-situ structural health monitoring (SHM) are required. Chipless radio frequency identification (RFID) is an emerging and attractive technology to implement the internet of things (IoT) based SHM. Chipless RFID sensors are not only wireless, passive, and low-cost as the chipped RFID counterpart, but also printable, durable, and allow for multi-parameter sensing. This thesis proposes the design and development of chipless RFID sensor systems for SHM, particularly for defect detection and characterization in metallic structures. Through simulation studies and experimental validations, novel metal-mountable chipless RFID sensors are demonstrated with different reader configurations and methods for feature extraction, selection, and fusion. The first contribution of this thesis is the design of a chipless RFID sensor for crack detection and characterization based on the circular microstrip patch antenna (CMPA). The sensor provides a 4-bit ID and a capability of indicating crack width and orientation simultaneously using the resonance frequency shift. The second contribution is a chipless RFID sensor designed based on the frequency selective surface (FSS) and feature fusion for corrosion characterization. The FSS-based sensor generates multiple resonance frequency features that can reveal corrosion progression, while feature fusion is applied to enhance the sensitivity and reliability of the sensor. The third contribution deals with robust detection and characterization of crack and corrosion in a realistic environment using a portable reader. A multi-resonance chipless RFID sensor is proposed along with the implementation of a portable reader using an ultra-wideband (UWB) radar module. Feature extraction and selection using principal component analysis (PCA) is employed for multi-parameter evaluation. Overall, chipless RFID sensors are small, low-profile, and can be used to quantify and characterize surface crack and corrosion undercoating. Furthermore, the multi-resonance characteristics of chipless RFID sensors are useful for integrating ID encoding and sensing functionalities, enhancing the sensor performance, as well as for performing multi-parameter analysis of defects. The demonstrated system using a portable reader shows the capability of defects characterization from a 15-cm distance. Hence, chipless RFID sensor systems have great potential to be an alternative sensing method for in-situ SHM.Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education (LPDP

Longitudinal measurement of physical activity using a novel automated system to explore early stage functional recovery after stroke

Introduction There is emphasis on increasing patients’ Physical Activity (PA) to reduce disability and promote independent living. Therefore a new computerised system based on real time location technology called the Rehabilitation Mobility Measurement System (RMMS) was developed to overcome limitations of the current activity monitoring methods and measure PA continuously and unobtrusively. The study objectives were to evaluate the psychometric properties of RMMS and to explore early stage functional recovery after stroke in a rehabilitation unit and at home. Methods Each participant wore a radio-frequency identification tag with an in-built motion sensor on their unaffected wrist. Walking-aids and transport equipment were also fitted with tags. All areas accessed by patients were fitted with infra-red room locators. The tags transmitted movement and location signals to a computer having customised software programs for data processing. Descriptive statistics and graphs were used for analysis. Results The RMMS was very reliable (all ICC>0.90) and demonstrated high level of agreement on validation with observational methods. Longitudinal PA was measured successfully in the rehabilitation unit for 52 patients over 64±53 days. Outside of therapy sessions, patients spent 85% of the waking day in their own rooms undertaking limited high level activities (15%).The average mobility (walking or moving around) was 15 minutes per day only and was strongly correlated with Barthel Index and modified Rivermead Index scores on discharge (spearman’s rho=.-70, p=0.00) accounting for ≥ 43% of variation in these scores. Conclusion RMMS was a reliable and valid tool for measuring mobility; a key factor influencing early stroke recovery. The small amount of time spent active strongly suggests that better organisation of time outside therapy sessions is warranted to maximise daily PA of in-patients. RMMS could be used for motivational feedback for patients and clinicians to ultimately enhance functional activity during rehabilitation in a stroke unit