Theoretical review of frame research and future directions from a network perspective

The landscape of frame research within social sciences is characterized by a rather loose and scattered concept, resulting in various characteristics and functions attributed to frames, and by diverging conceptualizations on the origin and diffusion of frames. Although reviews have been conducted to facilitate an overview on the definitions, types, characteristics and functions of frames, a review on the conceptualizations on the origin and diffusion of frames remains outstanding. This is considered relevant, since the scope of a frame can only be determined once we understand where a frame initially emerged, where it becomes manifest and its’ underlying power structures shaping the diffusion. The primary aim of this article is to review the conceptual foundations of frame research, on frames’ origin and diffusion. Building on this review, this article aims at advancing the theoretical underpinning on frames’ origin and diffusion, by elaborating contributions of network theory. A theoretical review has been conducted on the databases ProQuest, EBSCOhost and ScienceDirect. 2805 articles were assessed, 164 articles were reviewed on full text and 75 articles were selected. The conceptualizations of frames range from individual and subjective frames to organizational and culturally induced frames, as well as collectively evolved frames. The elaboration of frames’ origin and diffusion reflect these conceptualizations. Most of the articles imply a top-down diffusion of frames. As an analytical complement, a network approach regarding the origin and diffusion of frames is introduced, putting the individual and its’ network in the center of frames’ origin and diffusion. Further, this article proposes a process-sociological perspective, based on network analysis, for conceiving, and assessing frames. This has implications for conceptualizing the origin and diffusion of frames, and the recognition of power relationships shaping this process

Canonical extensions and ultraproducts of polarities

J{\'o}nsson and Tarski's notion of the perfect extension of a Boolean algebra with operators has evolved into an extensive theory of canonical extensions of lattice-based algebras. After reviewing this evolution we make two contributions. First it is shown that the failure of a variety of algebras to be closed under canonical extensions is witnessed by a particular one of its free algebras. The size of the set of generators of this algebra can be made a function of a collection of varieties and is a kind of Hanf number for canonical closure. Secondly we study the complete lattice of stable subsets of a polarity structure, and show that if a class of polarities is closed under ultraproducts, then its stable set lattices generate a variety that is closed under canonical extensions. This generalises an earlier result of the author about generation of canonically closed varieties of Boolean algebras with operators, which was in turn an abstraction of the result that a first-order definable class of Kripke frames determines a modal logic that is valid in its so-called canonical frames

Framing quality improvement tools and techniques in healthcare: the case of Improvement Leaders' Guides

The paper presents a study of how quality improvement tools are framed within healthcare settings.\ud \ud The paper employs an interpretive approach to understand how quality improvement tools and techniques are mobilised and legitimated using a case study of the NHS Modernisation Agency Improvement Leaders’ Guides.\ud \ud Improvement Leaders’ Guides were framed within a service improvement approach encouraging the use of quality improvement tools and techniques within healthcare settings. Their use formed part of enacting tools and techniques across different contexts. Whilst this enactment was believed to support the mobililsation of tools and techniques, the experience also illustrated the challenges in distributing such approaches.\ud \ud The paper provides a contribution to our understanding of framing the 'social act' of quality improvement. Given the ongoing emphasis on quality improvement and the persistent challenges involved, it also provides information for healthcare leaders globally in seeking to develop, implement or modify similar tools and distribute leadership within health and social care settings.\ud \ud \u

Making the Public Case for Child Abuse and Neglect Prevention: A FrameWorks Message Memo

The goal of this work is to evaluate the existing body of research available to Prevent Child Abuse America against the findings that emerge from new research, and to identify promising ways to reframe these issues in ways that engage people in prevention, motivate them to prioritize proven policies and programs, and overcome existing mental roadblocks. To that end, this Memo attempts to describe the translation process necessary to engage the public in solutions by identifying specific practices that research suggests would advance public understanding as well as those that are likely to impede it.This research analysis is part of New FrameWorks Research on Child Abuse and Neglect Prevention. Please visit our website for more information

‘Plumb line scribe’: using multimedia to preserve traditional craft skills

The skills required in craft practice involve a high degree of tacit knowledge which is frequently difficult for the craft expert to articulate. N. Wood, a multimedia designer, has undertaken extensive research over the last ten years seeking to understand the knowledge of skilled craftsmen and find methods of capturing and passing it on. She has developed an elicitation strategy that employs an expert learner to uncover the skilled knowledge of master craftsmen, and a transmission strategy based on the concept of bridges to assist the design of learning resources for novices. U. H. Lassen has used the techniques developed by Wood to record and transmit the skilled knowledge needed to make timber-framed buildings, knowledge that today is in danger of being lost. The focus of the study has been the procedure for scribing timbers, which is a central part of the building process. The aim of the research was to investigate the possibility of combining the two roles defined in Wood’s research as an expert learner and designer. Being a skilled carpenter, Lassen has acted as an expert learner, learning the skills of scribing through a combination of researching existing documentation, working with master craftsmen and his own experimentation. At the same time, he developed and tested a multimedia learning resource to provide ‘bridges’ for new learners to this knowledge. The outcome of the application of Wood’s elicitation and transmission strategy to plumb line scribing is a demonstration of the transferability of Wood’s methods within this new context. This is important because it reveals the potential for other craft practitioners to apply Wood’s methods to their own learning and teaching, and produce learning resources to provide bridges to their craft knowledge and preserve their unique skills

Reconsidering the substance of digital video from a Sadrian perspective

The digitisation process is debated as video’s deficiency, where pixels are conceived as isolated fragments without an existential link to the source image. This article explores the ontology of digital-video through Mulla Sadrā’s (1571–1641) theory of Substantial Motion. Sadrā, a Persian-Islamic existentialist, proposed that substance (material/visible and immaterial/invisible) undergoes an internal change. Through imperceptible internal change, intimate connections exist between the smallest parts and the One, visible and invisible. We can think of these dynamic connections in terms of pixels and frames. From the view of Sadrā’s substance, pixels are explored as open to change. The apparent weaknesses of digital materiality become potentials towards understanding its existence in time