Security Pitfalls of a Provably Secure Identity-based Multi-Proxy Signature Scheme

An identity-based multi-proxy signature is a type of proxy signatures in which the delegation of signing right is distributed among a number of proxy signers. In this type of cryptographic primitive, cooperation of all proxy signers in the proxy group generates the proxy signatures of roughly the same size as that of standard proxy signatures on behalf of the original signer, which is more efficient than transmitting individual proxy signatures. Since identity-based multi-proxy signatures are useful in distributed systems, grid computing, presenting a provably secure identity-based multi-proxy scheme is desired. In 2013, Sahu and Padhye proposed the first provably secure identity-based multi-proxy signature scheme in the random oracle model, and proved that their scheme is existential unforgeable against adaptive chosen message and identity attack. Unfortunately, in this paper, we show that their scheme is insecure. We present two forgery attacks on their scheme. Furthermore, their scheme is not resistant against proxy key exposure attack. As a consequence, there is no provably secure identity-based multi-proxy signature scheme secure against proxy key exposure attack to date

Texas Law Review

Journal containing articles, notes, book reviews, and other analyses of law and legal cases

Negotiating Federalism: State Bargaining and the Dormant Treaty Power

The orthodox view that states have no role in U. S. foreign relations is not only inconsistent with their place in the modern global economy, but the constitutional basis for a dormant bar on state participation-that is, absent a controlling federal statute or treaty-is obscure. Revisionist scholarship and recent Supreme Court case law suggest that Congress alone should decide when the states must stay out of foreign relations. In this Article, Professor Swaine argues that both the orthodox and revisionist views neglect an alternative basis for a judicial role-the Treaty Clause, enforced through the dormant treaty power. The text, structure, and original understanding of the treaty power establish two important principles of continuing validity. First, the President was to have an independent and substantive authority to negotiate on behalf of the United States, the better to secure advantageous treaties and avoid perilous entanglements. Second, state interference with this negotiating authority, even prior to the conclusive adoption of a federal treaty or statute, was unlawful. Treaty Clause exclusivity is best maintained by a judicially enforced dormant treaty power barring the states from bargaining with foreign powers, including indirect bargaining through measures that are contingent on foreign government policies-such as the Massachusetts law targeting companies doing business with Burma. However, state activities that incidentally have effects overseas would not be precluded, and the jurisprudence must be informed by the original rationales for federal exclusivity and by the President\u27s discretion to exempt state activities posing no threat to federal functions

Under the Eye of Providence: Surveilling Religious Expression in the United States

This dissertation analyzes how government agencies influenced the religious expression of Mormons of the Territory of Utah in the 1870s and 1880s, Quakers of the American Friends Service Committee (AFSC) from the late 1940s to the early 1960s, and Muslims of Brooklyn, New York, from 2002 to 2013. I argue that nineteenth-century federal marshals and judges in the Territory of Utah, mid-twentieth century FBI agents throughout the United States, and New York Police Department officers in post-September 11 New York were prompted to monitor each religious community by their concerns about polygamy, communism, and terrorism, respectively. The government agencies did not just observe the communities, but they probed precisely what constituted religion itself

"On the Precipice in the Dark": Maryland in the Secession Crisis, 1860-1861

This dissertation is a study of the State of Maryland in the secession crisis of 1860-1861. Previous historians have emphasized economic, political, societal, and geographical considerations as the reasons Maryland remained loyal to the Union. However, not adequately considered is the manner in which Maryland understood and reacted to the secession of the Lower South. Historians have tended to portray Maryland's inaction as inevitable and reasonable. This study offers another reason for Maryland's inaction by placing the state in time and space, following where the sources lead, and allowing for contingency. No one in Maryland could have known that their state would not secede in 1860-61. Seeing the crisis through their eyes is instructive. It becomes clear that Maryland was a state on the brink of secession, but its resentment, suspicion, and anger toward the Lower South isolated it from the larger secession movement. Marylanders regarded the Lower South's rush to separate as precipitous, dangerous, and coercive to the Old Line State. A focus on a single state like Maryland allows a deeper, richer understanding of the dynamics, forces, and characteristics of the secession movement and the federal government's response to it. It cuts through the larger debates about the causes of secession and instead focuses on the manner in which secession was carried out, the intended effect of it, the actual effect it generated in the vitally important state of Maryland, and what it all says about the nature of internal divisions in the South at large

Early United States Political Thought

Openly licensed anthology focused on the theme of the Early United States Political Thought. Contains: The Federalist Papers, The Anti-Federalist Papers, Constitutional Convention Debates Vol. I and II, A Report of the Debates and Proceedings in the Secret Sessions of the Conference Convention