Industry 4.0 and how purchasing can progress and benefit from the fourth industrial revolution

Since its’ announcement in 2011, the number of scientific publications on Industry 4.0 is growing exponentially. Significant investments by industrial firms, at present and planned for the coming years, indicate the expectations by the industry in terms of increased productivity because of the fourth industrial revolution. However, the link between purchasing and Industry 4.0 is largely lacking in scientific literature, despite the high financial impact of procurement for organizations. The fourth industrial revolution – cyber-physical systems with autonomous machine-to-machine communication – could enable several possibilities for purchasing. On the one hand support systems for purchasers are conceived, such as contract analysis software. On the other hand, the scenario of digital negotiations emerges, which could revitalize e- marketplaces. Operative processes can act autonomously, with automated demand identification in cyber-physical systems. In order to support the development of I4.0 strategies in purchasing, this paper further contributes by presenting the result of a project on developing a specific purchasing I4.0 maturity model

Application of Industry 4.0 in the Procurement Processes of Supply Chains: A Systematic Literature Review

The fourth industrial revolution has significantly changed the traditional way of managing supply chains. The applications of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in different processes of supply chains have assisted companies to improve their performance. Procurement can be considered a critical process in supply chain management since it can provide novel opportunities for supply chains to improve their efficiency and effectiveness. However, I4.0 applications can be costly and may not be reasonably affordable. Therefore, the benefits of implementing these technologies should be clarified for procurement managers before investing in the digitalization of the procurement process. Despite the importance of this issue, few papers have attempted to address the effects of I4.0 technologies and smart systems in procurement. To fill this gap, a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) on the applications of I4.0 technologies in procurement has been used in this study. By reviewing 70 papers through appropriate keywords, a conceptual framework is developed to classify different value propositions provided by the different applications of I4.0 technologies in procurement processes. Results reveal nine value propositions that can provide a better understanding for the procurement department to analyze the benefits of implementing the related I4.0 technologies in different activities. Finally, findings and future study opportunities are concluded

STRATEGI PEMERINTAH DALAM PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN ALAT UTAMA SISTEM SENJATA TENTARA NASIONAL INDONESIA (ALUTSISTA) DI ERA REVOLUSI INDUSTRI 4.0

Studi ini berpendapat bahwa kondisi alutsista Indonesia di era Revolusi Industri 4.0 perlu diperbaharui. Oleh karena itu Pemerintah harus melaksanakan strategi pemenuhan alutsista yang sesuai dengan perkembangan lingkungan strategi di era revolusi industri 4.0. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan kepustakaan yang berfokus pada teori strategi, konsep alutsista dan konsep revolusi industri 4.0. Penelitian ini menemukan hasil bahwa: kondisi alutsista Indonesia perlu pembaharuan dan pengadaan yang baru, Adapun strategi yang dilakukan Pemerintah lebih menekankan pada kemandirian alutsista dalam negeri. Namun pemenuhan alutsista secara mandiri ini masih menemukan beberapa kesulitan, seperti kurangnya anggaran, kurangnya SDM dan sarana prasarana. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam upaya memenuhi alutsista yang saat ini sudah kurang optimal, Pemerintah sudah mulai menjalankan strategi kemandirian produksi alutsista dengan memanfaatkan BUMN, agar negara Indonesia tidak ketergantungan alutsista oleh negara lain

MODERNIZATION OF AGRICULTURE AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: THE INDIAN EXPERIENCE

Indian Agricultural Development, Agricultural Modernization, International Development,

Primary accumulation in the Soviet transition

The Soviet background to the idea of primary socialist accumulation is presented. The mobilisation of labour power and of products into public sector investment from outside are shown to have been the two original forms of the concept. In Soviet primary accumulation the mobilisation of labour power was apparently more decisive than the mobilisation of products. The primary accumulation process had both intended and unintended results. Intended results included bringing most of the economy into the public sector, and industrialisation of the economy as a whole. Unintended results included substantial economic losses, and the proliferation of coercive institutions damaging to attainment of the ultimate goal - the building of a communist society

Shipbuilding 4.0 Index Approaching Supply Chain

The shipbuilding industry shows a special interest in adapting to the changes proposed by the industry 4.0. This article bets on the development of an index that indicates the current situation considering that supply chain is a key factor in any type of change, and at the same time it serves as a control tool in the implementation of improvements. The proposed indices provide a first definition of the paradigm or paradigms that best fit the supply chain in order to improve its sustainability and a second definition, regarding the key enabling technologies for Industry 4.0. The values obtained put shipbuilding on the road to industry 4.0 while suggesting categorized planning of technologies

The impact of e-business technologies on supply chain operations: a macroeconomic perspective

New information technologies and e-business solutions have transformed supply chain operations from mass production to mass customization. This paper assesses the impact of these innovations on economic productivity, focusing on the macroeconomic benefits as supply chain operations have evolved from simple production and planning systems to today's real-time performance-management information systems using advanced e-business technologies. While many factors can influence macroeconomic variables, the impact of IT-enabled supply chains should not be overlooked. We find evidence that the impact of e-business technologies on supply chain operations have resulted in a reduced "bullwhip effect," lower inventory, reduced logistics costs, and streamlined procurement processes. These improvements, in turn, have likely helped to lower inflation, reduce economic volatility, strengthen productivity growth, and improve standards of living.Information technology ; Macroeconomics ; Productivity