11 research outputs found
A comprehensive information model for business change projects
Enterprises act in an economic and social environment characterized by frequent changes. Due to this for many enterprisesthe efficient and effective management of change projects is a key factor for staying competitive. The resulting need forchanges and the development of corresponding strategic, organizational or IT characteristics is a very complex task anddepends very much on the ability mapping the information systems (IS), which is a socio-technical system, against the realworld state of adaption. Therefore we introduce a meta model for enterprise modeling that extends existing approaches byproposing not only a set of entities describing the strategic and organizational fit as well as the IT fit but also relevantcomponents to express the overall fit with the cultural and emotional characteristics of an IS. Helping designers of IS tocomprehend the complex relations between the elements that need to be aligned we follow design science research
Efficient Generation of Graphical Model Views via Lazy Model-to-Text Transformation
Producing graphical views from software and system models is often desirable for communication and comprehension purposes, even when graphical model editing capabilities are not required -- because the preferred editable concrete syntax of the models is text-based, or for models extracted via reverse engineering. To support such scenarios, we present a novel approach for efficient rule-based generation of transient graphical views from models using lazy model-to-text transformation, and an implementation of the proposed approach in the form of an open-source Eclipse plugin named Picto. Picto builds on top of mature visualisation software such as Graphviz and PlantUML and supports, among others, composite views, layers, and multi-model visualisation. We illustrate how Picto can be used to produce various forms of graphical views such as node-edge diagrams, tables and sequence-like diagrams, and we demonstrate the efficiency benefits of lazy view generation approach against batch model-to-text transformation for generating views from large models
Development of a pattern library and a decision support system for building applications in the domain of scientific workflows for e-Science
Karastoyanova et al. created eScienceSWaT (eScience SoftWare Engineering Technique), that targets at providing a user-friendly and systematic approach for creating applications for scientific experiments in the domain of e-Science. Even though eScienceSWaT is used, still many choices about the scientific experiment model, IT experiment model and infrastructure have to be made. Therefore, a collection of best practices for building scientific experiments is required. Additionally, these best practice need to be connected and organized. Finally, a Decision Support System (DSS) that is based on the best practices and enables decisions about the various choices for e-Science solutions, needs to be developed. Hence, various e-Science applications are examined in this thesis. Best practices are recognised by abstracting from the identified problem-solution pairs in the e-Science applications. Knowledge and best practices from natural science, computer science and software engineering are stored in patterns. Furthermore, relationship types among patterns are worked out. Afterwards, relationships among the patterns are defined and the patterns are organized in a pattern library. In addition, the concept for a DSS that provisions the patterns and its prototypical implementation are presented
Investigating business process elements: a journey from the field of Business Process Management to ontological analysis, and back
Business process modelling languages (BPMLs) typically enable the representation of business processes via the creation of process models, which are constructed using the elements and graphical symbols of the BPML itself. Despite the wide literature on business process modelling languages, on the comparison between graphical components of different languages, on the development and enrichment of new and existing notations, and the numerous definitions of what a business process is, the BPM community still lacks a robust (ontological) characterisation of the elements involved in business process models and, even more importantly, of the very notion of business process. While some efforts have been done towards this direction, the majority of works in this area focuses on the analysis of the behavioural (control flow) aspects of process models only, thus neglecting other central modelling elements, such as those denoting process participants (e.g., data objects, actors), relationships among activities, goals, values, and so on.
The overall purpose of this PhD thesis is to provide a systematic study of the elements that constitute a business process, based on ontological analysis, and to apply these results back to the Business Process Management field. The major contributions that were achieved in pursuing our overall purpose are: (i) a first comprehensive and systematic investigation of what constitutes a business process meta-model in literature, and a definition of what we call a literature-based business process meta-model starting from the different business process meta-models proposed in the literature; (ii) the ontological analysis of four business process elements (event, participant, relationship among activities, and goal), which were identified as missing or problematic in the literature and in the literature-based meta-model; (iii) the revision of the literature-based business process meta-model that incorporates the analysis of the four investigated business process elements - event, participant, relationship among activities and goal; and (iv) the definition and evaluation of a notation that enriches the relationships between activities by including the notions of occurrence dependences and rationales
IngĂ©nierie et Architecture dâEntreprise et des SystĂšmes dâInformation - Concepts, Fondements et MĂ©thodes
L'ingĂ©nierie des systĂšmes d'information s'est longtemps cantonnĂ©e Ă la modĂ©lisation du produit (objet) qu'est le systĂšme dâinformation sans se prĂ©occuper des processus d'usage de ce systĂšme. Dans un environnement de plus en plus Ă©volutif, la modĂ©lisation du fonctionnement du systĂšme dâinformation au sein de l'entreprise me semble primordiale. Pendant les deux derniĂšres dĂ©cennies, les pratiques de management, dâingĂ©nierie et dâopĂ©ration ont subi des mutations profondes et multiformes. Nous devons tenir compte de ces mutations dans les recherches en ingĂ©nierie des systĂšmes dâinformation afin de produire des formalismes et des dĂ©marches mĂ©thodologiques qui sauront anticiper et satisfaire les nouveaux besoins, regroupĂ©s dans ce document sous quatre thĂšmes:1) Le systĂšme dâinformation est le lieu mĂȘme oĂč sâĂ©labore la coordination des actes et des informations sans laquelle une entreprise (et toute organisation), dans la diversitĂ© des mĂ©tiers et des compĂ©tences quâelle met en Ćuvre, ne peut exister que dans la mĂ©diocritĂ©. La comprĂ©hension des exigences de coopĂ©ration dans toutes ses dimensions (communication, coordination, collaboration) et le support que lâinformatique peut et doit y apporter deviennent donc un sujet digne dâintĂ©rĂȘt pour les recherches en systĂšme dâinformation.2) Le paradigme de management des processus dâentreprise (BPM) est en forte opposition avec le dĂ©veloppement traditionnel des systĂšmes dâinformation qui, pendant plusieurs dĂ©cennies, a cristallisĂ© la division verticale des activitĂ©s des organisations et favorisĂ© ainsi la construction dâĂźlots dâinformation et dâapplications. Cependant, les approches traditionnelles de modĂ©lisation de processus ne sont pas Ă la hauteur des besoins dâingĂ©nierie des processus dans ce contexte en constant changement, que ce dernier soit de nature contextuelle ou permanente. Nous avons donc besoin de formalismes (i) qui permettent non seulement de reprĂ©senter les processus dâentreprise et leurs liens avec les composants logiciels du systĂšme existant ou Ă venir mais (ii) qui ont aussi lâaptitude Ă reprĂ©senter la nature variable et/ou Ă©volutive (donc parfois Ă©minemment dĂ©cisionnelle) de ces processus.3) Les systĂšmes dâinformation continuent aujourdâhui de supporter les besoins classiques tels que lâautomatisation et la coordination de la chaĂźne de production, lâamĂ©lioration de la qualitĂ© des produits et/ou services offerts. Cependant un nouveau rĂŽle leur est attribuĂ©. Il sâagit du potentiel offert par les systĂšmes dâinformation pour adopter un rĂŽle de support au service de la stratĂ©gie de lâentreprise. Les technologies de lâinformation, de la communication et de la connaissance se sont ainsi positionnĂ©es comme une ressource stratĂ©gique, support de la transformation organisationnelle voire comme levier du changement. Les modĂšles dâentreprise peuvent reprĂ©senter lâĂ©tat actuel de lâorganisation afin de comprendre, de disposer dâune reprĂ©sentation partagĂ©e, de mesurer les performances, et Ă©ventuellement dâidentifier les dysfonctionnements. Ils permettent aussi de reprĂ©senter un Ă©tat futur souhaitĂ© afin de dĂ©finir une cible vers laquelle avancer par la mise en Ćuvre des projets. Lâentreprise Ă©tant en mouvement perpĂ©tuel, son Ă©volution fait partie de ses multiples dimensions. Nous avons donc besoin de reprĂ©senter, a minima, un Ă©tat futur et le chemin de transformation Ă construire pour avancer vers cette cible. Cependant planifier/imaginer/se projeter vers une cible unique et, en supposant que lâon y arrive, croire quâil puisse exister un seul chemin pour lâatteindre semble irrĂ©aliste. Nous devons donc proposer des formalismes qui permettront de spĂ©cifier des scenarii Ă la fois pour des cibles Ă atteindre et pour des chemins Ă parcourir. Nous devons aussi dĂ©velopper des dĂ©marches mĂ©thodologiques pour guider de maniĂšre systĂ©matique la construction de ces modĂšles dâentreprise et la rationalitĂ© sous-jacente.4) En moins de cinquante ans, le propos du systĂšme dâinformation a Ă©voluĂ© et sâest complexifiĂ©. Aujourdâhui, le systĂšme dâinformation doit supporter non seulement les fonctions de support de maniĂšre isolĂ©e et en silos (1970-1990), et les activitĂ©s appartenant Ă la chaĂźne de valeur [Porter, 1985] de lâentreprise (1980-2000) mais aussi les activitĂ©s de contrĂŽle, de pilotage, de planification stratĂ©gique ainsi que la cohĂ©rence et lâharmonie de lâensemble des processus liĂ©s aux activitĂ©s mĂ©tier (2000-201x), en un mot les activitĂ©s de management stratĂ©gique et de gouvernance dâentreprise. La gouvernance d'entreprise est l'ensemble des processus, rĂ©glementations, lois et institutions influant la maniĂšre dont l'entreprise est dirigĂ©e, administrĂ©e et contrĂŽlĂ©e. Ces processus qui produisent des âdĂ©cisionsâ en guise de âproduitâ ont autant besoin dâĂȘtre instrumentalisĂ©s par les systĂšmes dâinformation que les processus de nature plus opĂ©rationnels de lâentreprise. De mĂȘme, ces processus stratĂ©giques (dits aussi âde dĂ©veloppementâ) nĂ©cessitent dâavoir recours Ă des formalismes de reprĂ©sentation qui sont trĂšs loin, en pouvoir dâexpression, des notations largement adoptĂ©es ces derniĂšres annĂ©es pour la reprĂ©sentation des processus dâentreprise.Ainsi, il semble peu judicieux de vouloir (ou penser pouvoir) isoler, pendant sa construction, lâobjet âsystĂšme dâinformationâ de son environnement dâexĂ©cution. Si le sens donnĂ© Ă lâinformation dĂ©pend de la personne qui la reçoit, ce sens ne peut ĂȘtre entiĂšrement capturĂ© dans le systĂšme technique. Il sera plutĂŽt apprĂ©hendĂ© comme une composante essentielle dâun systĂšme socio-technique incluant les usagers du systĂšme dâinformation technologisĂ©, autrement dit, les acteurs agissant de lâentreprise. De mon point de vue, ce systĂšme socio-technique qui mĂ©rite lâintĂ©rĂȘt scientifique de notre discipline est lâentreprise. Les recherches que jâai rĂ©alisĂ©es, animĂ©es ou supervisĂ©es , et qui sont structurĂ©es en quatre thĂšmes dans ce document, visent Ă rĂ©soudre les problĂšmes liĂ©s aux contextes de l'usage (l'entreprise et son environnement) des systĂšmes dâinformation. Le point discriminant de ma recherche est l'intĂ©rĂȘt que je porte Ă la capacitĂ© de reprĂ©sentation :(i) de l'Ă©volutivitĂ© et de la flexibilitĂ© des processus d'entreprise en particulier de ceux supportĂ©s par un systĂšme logiciel, dâun point de vue microscopique (modĂšle dâun processus) et macroscopique (reprĂ©sentation et configuration dâun rĂ©seau de processus) : thĂšme 2(ii) du systĂšme dâentreprise dans toutes ses dimensions (stratĂ©gie, organisation des processus, systĂšme dâinformation et changement) : thĂšme 3Pour composer avec ces motivations, il fallait :(iii) sâintĂ©resser Ă la nature mĂȘme du travail coopĂ©ratif et Ă lâintentionnalitĂ© des acteurs agissant afin dâidentifier et/ou proposer des formalismes appropriĂ©s pour les dĂ©crire et les comprendre : thĂšme 1(iv) se questionner aussi sur les processus de management dont le rĂŽle est de surveiller, mesurer, piloter lâentreprise afin de leur apporter le soutien quâils mĂ©ritent du systĂšme dâinformation : thĂšme
A unified framework for security visualization and enforcement in business process driven environments
Service-oriented architecture offers a promising approach for supporting interoperability and flexibility in the context of increasingly dynamic and rapidly changing requirements in the business world. However, encapsulation of business functionalities as self-contained services, as one of the main concepts in a SOA, brings new challenges. While business experts concentrate on the domain-specific aspects, other non-functional requirements such as security remain mostly neglected, if all understood. Costs for security administration may increase, business-driven security requirements may not be addressed and security configurations may not match at all internal and external regulations and guidelines. Based on these needs, we propose a technology-independent framework that provides graphical concepts for incorporating the security demands, facilitating the handling of security requirements from the specification to their realization
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Ontology-based information standards development
This thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and awarded by Brunel University.Standards may be argued to be important enablers for achieving interoperability as they aim to provide unambiguous specifications for error-free exchange of documents and information. By implication, therefore, it is important to model and represent the concept of a standard in a clear, precise and unambiguous way. Although standards development organisations usually provide guidelines for the process of developing and approving standards, they are usually more concerned with administrative aspect of the process. As a consequence, the state-of-the-art lacks practical support for developing the structure and content of a standard specification. In short, there is no systematic development method currently available: (a) For developing the conceptual model underpinning a standard; and/or (b) to guide a group of stakeholders to develop a standard specification.
Semantic interoperability is considered to be an essential factor for effective interoperation â the ability to achieve semantic interoperability effectively and efficiently being strongly equated with quality by some. Semantics require that the meaning of terms, their relationships and also the restrictions and rules in the standards should be clearly defined in the early stages of standard development and act as a basis for the latter stages. This research proposes that ontology can help standards developers and stakeholders to address the issues of improving conceptual models and providing a robust and shared understanding of the domain. This thesis presents OntoStanD, a comprehensive ontology-based standards development methodology, which utilises the best practices of the existing ontology creation methods.
The potential value of OntoStanD is in providing a comprehensive, clear and unambiguous method for developing robust information standards, which are more test friendly and of higher quality. OntoStanD also facilitates standards conformance testing and change management, impacts interoperability and also assists in improved communication among the standards development team. Last, OntoStanD provides an approach that is repeatable, teachable and potentially general enough for creating any kinds of information standard.Fujitsu Laboratories of Europe Ltd, Google Anitaborg Memorial Scholarshi
Ontology-based information standards development
Standards may be argued to be important enablers for achieving interoperability as they aim to provide unambiguous specifications for error-free exchange of documents and information. By implication, therefore, it is important to model and represent the concept of a standard in a clear, precise and unambiguous way. Although standards development organisations usually provide guidelines for the process of developing and approving standards, they are usually more concerned with administrative aspect of the process. As a consequence, the state-of-the-art lacks practical support for developing the structure and content of a standard specification. In short, there is no systematic development method currently available: (a) For developing the conceptual model underpinning a standard; and/or (b) to guide a group of stakeholders to develop a standard specification. Semantic interoperability is considered to be an essential factor for effective interoperation â the ability to achieve semantic interoperability effectively and efficiently being strongly equated with quality by some. Semantics require that the meaning of terms, their relationships and also the restrictions and rules in the standards should be clearly defined in the early stages of standard development and act as a basis for the latter stages. This research proposes that ontology can help standards developers and stakeholders to address the issues of improving conceptual models and providing a robust and shared understanding of the domain. This thesis presents OntoStanD, a comprehensive ontology-based standards development methodology, which utilises the best practices of the existing ontology creation methods. The potential value of OntoStanD is in providing a comprehensive, clear and unambiguous method for developing robust information standards, which are more test friendly and of higher quality. OntoStanD also facilitates standards conformance testing and change management, impacts interoperability and also assists in improved communication among the standards development team. Last, OntoStanD provides an approach that is repeatable, teachable and potentially general enough for creating any kinds of information standard.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceFujitsu Laboratories of Europe LtdGoogle Anitaborg Memorial ScholarshipGBUnited Kingdo
Systematic Approaches for Telemedicine and Data Coordination for COVID-19 in Baja California, Mexico
Conference proceedings info:
ICICT 2023: 2023 The 6th International Conference on Information and Computer Technologies
Raleigh, HI, United States, March 24-26, 2023
Pages 529-542We provide a model for systematic implementation of telemedicine within a large evaluation center for COVID-19 in the area of Baja California, Mexico. Our model is based on human-centric design factors and cross disciplinary collaborations for scalable data-driven enablement of smartphone, cellular, and video Teleconsul-tation technologies to link hospitals, clinics, and emergency medical services for point-of-care assessments of COVID testing, and for subsequent treatment and quar-antine decisions. A multidisciplinary team was rapidly created, in cooperation with different institutions, including: the Autonomous University of Baja California, the Ministry of Health, the Command, Communication and Computer Control Center
of the Ministry of the State of Baja California (C4), Colleges of Medicine, and the College of Psychologists. Our objective is to provide information to the public and to evaluate COVID-19 in real time and to track, regional, municipal, and state-wide data in real time that informs supply chains and resource allocation with the anticipation of a surge in COVID-19 cases. RESUMEN Proporcionamos un modelo para la implementaciĂłn sistemĂĄtica de la telemedicina dentro de un gran centro de evaluaciĂłn de COVID-19 en el ĂĄrea de Baja California, MĂ©xico. Nuestro modelo se basa en factores de diseño centrados en el ser humano y colaboraciones interdisciplinarias para la habilitaciĂłn escalable basada en datos de tecnologĂas de teleconsulta de telĂ©fonos inteligentes, celulares y video para vincular hospitales, clĂnicas y servicios mĂ©dicos de emergencia para evaluaciones de COVID en el punto de atenciĂłn. pruebas, y para el tratamiento posterior y decisiones de cuarentena. RĂĄpidamente se creĂł un equipo multidisciplinario, en cooperaciĂłn con diferentes instituciones, entre ellas: la Universidad AutĂłnoma de Baja California, la SecretarĂa de Salud, el Centro de Comando, Comunicaciones y Control InformĂĄtico.
de la SecretarĂa del Estado de Baja California (C4), Facultades de Medicina y Colegio de PsicĂłlogos. Nuestro objetivo es proporcionar informaciĂłn al pĂșblico y evaluar COVID-19 en tiempo real y rastrear datos regionales, municipales y estatales en tiempo real que informan las cadenas de suministro y la asignaciĂłn de recursos con la anticipaciĂłn de un aumento de COVID-19. 19 casos.ICICT 2023: 2023 The 6th International Conference on Information and Computer Technologieshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3236-
Change-Based Model Differencing and ConïŹict Detection
In large-scale computer systems and software development, model-driven engineering is an approach that focuses on the development and management of models. The models are usually expressed in diagrams, textual notations, or code. Most of these models persist in state-based formats. While state-based persistence has certain advantages, it is problematic when it comes to detecting changes in large-scale models. As an alternative, this work proposes a change-based approach that involves persisting the full sequence of changes made to models. Persisting a model in a change-based format has the potential to deliver benefits over state-based persistence, such as the ability to perform model differencing and conflict detection much faster and more precisely. This can then yield positive follow-on effects to help developers compare and merge models in collaborative modelling environments. Nevertheless, change-based persistence also comes with downsides, including increased model loading time.
This work investigates two approaches to reduce loading time. The first is to identify and ignore superseded changes, and the second uses hybrid model persistence. While the former is still greatly outperformed by loading models from state-based persistence, the latter experiences only a slight slowdown in most cases.
This work also proposes an approach for faster model differencing and conflict detection. It works by exploiting the nature of change-based persistence, which allows finding differences and conflicts between two versions of a model by comparing only the last set of changes applied to them, without having to compare every element and feature in both versions as is traditionally done in state-based model comparison. This work's evaluation shows that the proposed change-based model differencing and conflict detection outperform the existing traditional state-based approach. Nevertheless, models that have been excessively modified could impair the performance of the proposed model differencing and conflict detection as numerous change records must be loaded into memory