Reasonable Expectations and the Erosion of Privacy

This Article examines how the prevailing legal conception of privacy facilitates the erosion of privacy. The law generally measures privacy by reference to society’s reasonable expectation of privacy. If we think of the universe of legally private matters as a sphere, the sphere will contract or (at least in theory) expand in accordance with changing social expectations. This expectation-driven conception of privacy in effect establishes a privacy marketplace, analogous in both a literal and metaphorical sense to a marketplace of ideas. In this marketplace, societal expectations of privacy fluctuate in response to changing social practices. For this reason, privacy is susceptible to encroachment at the hands of large institutional actors who can control this marketplace by affecting social practices

Transparency and the Marketplace for Student Data

Student lists are commercially available for purchase on the basis of ethnicity, affluence, religion, lifestyle, awkwardness, and even a perceived or predicted need for family planning services. This study seeks to provide an understanding of the commercial marketplace for student data and the interaction with privacy law. Over several years, Fordham CLIP reviewed publicly-available sources, made public records requests to educational institutions, and collected marketing materials received by high school students. The study uncovered and documents an overall lack of transparency in the student information commercial marketplace and an absence of law to protect student information.https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/clip/1003/thumbnail.jp

Analysis of Factors Affecting Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty in the Shopee Marketplace

This study aims to find out what factors influence customer satisfaction and loyalty in the Shopee marketplace. The variables used in this study are price, product quality, information quality, privacy issues, perceived security, product variety, delivery, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. The population in this study are marketplace users who have used and shopped at the Shopee marketplace with a sample size of 180 respondents. The data collection technique used a questionnaire, and the data analysis technique used was the SmartPLS 4.0 analysis tool. Based on the research results, of the 15 hypotheses there are 9 hypotheses that are accepted, namely information quality, perceived security, privacy issues, delivery and product variety have a positive effect on customer satisfaction and loyalty. Perceived security, information quality, privacy issues, and product delivery have a positive effect on customer loyalty through customer satisfaction. The contribution to this research resulted in a model for measuring the effectiveness of the Shopee marketplace system that companies can use to develop in the future so as to increase user satisfaction at Shopee

The Federal Trade Commission and Consumer Privacy in the Coming Decade

The large majority of consumers believe that the term “privacy policy” describes a baseline level of information practices that protect their privacy. In short, “privacy,” like “free” before it, has taken on a normative meaning in the marketplace. When consumers see the term “privacy policy,” they believe that their personal information will be protected in specific ways; in particular, they assume that a website that advertises a privacy policy will not share their personal information. Of course, this is not the case. Privacy policies today come in all different flavors. Some companies make affirmative commitments not to share the personal information of their consumers. In other cases, however, privacy policies simply inform consumers that unless they “opt out” of sharing certain information, the company will communicate their personal information to other commercial entities.1 Given that consumers today associate the term “privacy policy” with specific practices that afford a normative level of privacy protection, the use of the term by a website that does not adhere to these baseline practices can mislead consumers to expect privacy that, in reality, does not exist. This is not to suggest that companies intend to mislead consumers, but rather that consumers today associate certain practices with “privacy policy” just as they associate certain terms and conditions with the word “free.” Because the term “privacy policy” has taken on a specific meaning in the marketplace and connotes a particular level of protection to consumers, the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) should regulate the use of the term “privacy policy” to ensure that companies using the term deliver a set of protections that meet consumers’ expectations and that the term “privacy policy” does not mislead consumers during marketplace transactions. ========================================== 1 Often consumers are not provided with a means to “opt out” of information sharing

The FTC and Consumer Privacy in the Coming Decade

Large majorities of consumers believe that the term privacy policy conveys a baseline level of information practices that protect their privacy. In short, privacy, like free before it, has taken on normative meaning in the marketplace. When consumers see the term privacy policy, they believe that their privacy will be protected in specific ways. In particular, when consumers see the privacy policy they assume that a web site will not share their personal information. Of course, this is not the case. Privacy policies today come in all different flavors. Some companies make affirmative commitments not to share the personal information of their consumers. More frequently, however, privacy policies are used to inform consumers that unless they opt-out of certain information sharing, the company will communicate their personal information to other commercial entities. Given that consumers today associate the term privacy policy with specific practices that afford a normative level of privacy protection, the use of the term by a web site in the absence of adherence to these baseline practices can mislead consumers to expect privacy that, in reality, they are not afforded. This is not to suggest that companies are intending to mislead consumers, but rather that consumers today associate certain practices with privacy policy just as they associate certain terms and conditions with the word free. Because the term privacy policy has taken on a specific marketplace meaning and connotes a particular level of protection to consumers, the Federal Trade Commission should police the use of the term privacy policy to assure that companies using the term deliver a set of protections that meet consumers’ expectations, and that the term privacy policy doesn’t mislead consumers during marketplace transactions

The Impact of Interface Quality and Security/Privacy on Shoppers E-Loyalty: The Mediating Role of Flow

In the era of digitalization and the development of mobile applications, consumers can shop anywhere and anytime easily through the marketplace application. As many marketplaces develop, particularly in Indonesia, this study determines the role of digital stimuli, namely: Interface Quality and Security/Privacy, on consumer loyalty to marketplaces, as well as the mediating role of Flow in these relationships. Data collection using the purposive sampling method for marketplace application users in Indonesia and as many as 305 respondents were analyzed by the Higher-Order Model using the SmartPLS 3.3.3. This study found that Interface Quality affects E-Loyalty, either directly or through Flow. In addition, the Security/Privacy of the marketplace application also affects E-Loyalty through Flow