Correction to: RNA Bioinformatics.

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Integrating Clustering and Regression for Workload Estimation in the Cloud

Workload prediction has been widely researched in the literature. However, existing techniques are per‐job based and useful for service‐like tasks whose workloads exhibit seasonality and trend. But cloud jobs have many different workload patterns and some do not exhibit recurring workload patterns. We consider job‐pool‐based workload estimation, which analyzes the characteristics of existing tasks' workloads to estimate the currently running tasks' workload. First cluster existing tasks based on their workloads. For a new task J, collect the initial workload of J and determine which cluster J may belong to, then use the cluster's characteristics to estimate J′s workload. Based on the Google dataset, the algorithm is experimentally evaluated and its effectiveness is confirmed. However, the workload patterns of some tasks do have seasonality and trend, and conventional per‐job‐based regression methods may yield better workload prediction results. Also, in some cases, some new tasks may not follow the workload patterns of existing tasks in the pool. Thus, develop an integrated scheme which combines clustering and regression and utilize the best of them for workload prediction. Experimental study shows that the combined approach can further improve the accuracy of workload prediction

Smoking and Second Hand Smoking in Adolescents with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Report from the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Cohort Study

The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of smoking and second hand smoking [SHS] in adolescents with CKD and their relationship to baseline parameters at enrollment in the CKiD, observational cohort study of 600 children (aged 1-16 yrs) with Schwartz estimated GFR of 30-90 ml/min/1.73m2. 239 adolescents had self-report survey data on smoking and SHS exposure: 21 [9%] subjects had “ever” smoked a cigarette. Among them, 4 were current and 17 were former smokers. Hypertension was more prevalent in those that had “ever” smoked a cigarette (42%) compared to non-smokers (9%), p\u3c0.01. Among 218 non-smokers, 130 (59%) were male, 142 (65%) were Caucasian; 60 (28%) reported SHS exposure compared to 158 (72%) with no exposure. Non-smoker adolescents with SHS exposure were compared to those without SHS exposure. There was no racial, age, or gender differences between both groups. Baseline creatinine, diastolic hypertension, C reactive protein, lipid profile, GFR and hemoglobin were not statistically different. Significantly higher protein to creatinine ratio (0.90 vs. 0.53, p\u3c0.01) was observed in those exposed to SHS compared to those not exposed. Exposed adolescents were heavier than non-exposed adolescents (85th percentile vs. 55th percentile for BMI, p\u3c 0.01). Uncontrolled casual systolic hypertension was twice as prevalent among those exposed to SHS (16%) compared to those not exposed to SHS (7%), though the difference was not statistically significant (p= 0.07). Adjusted multivariate regression analysis [OR (95% CI)] showed that increased protein to creatinine ratio [1.34 (1.03, 1.75)] and higher BMI [1.14 (1.02, 1.29)] were independently associated with exposure to SHS among non-smoker adolescents. These results reveal that among adolescents with CKD, cigarette use is low and SHS is highly prevalent. The association of smoking with hypertension and SHS with increased proteinuria suggests a possible role of these factors in CKD progression and cardiovascular outcomes