IP and ATM - a position paper

This paper gives a technical overview of different networking technologies, such as the Internet, ATM. It describes different approaches of how to run IP on top of an ATM network, and assesses their potential to be used as an integrated services network

IP and ATM - current evolution for integrated services

Current and future applications make use of different technologies as voice, data, and video. Consequently network technologies need to support them. For many years, the ATM based Broadband-ISDN has generally been regarded as the ultimate networking technology, which can integrate voice, data, and video services. With the recent tremendous growth of the Internet and the reluctant deployment of public ATM networks, the future development of ATM seems to be less clear than it used to be. In the past IP provided (and was though to provide) only best effort services, thus, despite its world wide diffution, was not considered as a network solution for multimedia application. Currently many of the IETF working groups work on areas related to integrated services, and IP is also proposing itself as networking technology for supporting voice, data, and video services. This paper give a technical overview on the competing integrated services network solutions, such as IP, ATM and the different available and emerging technologies on how to run IP over ATM, and tries to identify their potential and shortcomings

Message-Bundle Converting in Intenet Protocol Multicast-Based High Level Architecture Exercises

The Department of Defense is pushing for more wide-spread and realistic interactive training simulations which increases the demand on network capacity and resources. While network bandwidth is a measurable resource, packet bandwidth, or the number of packets-per-second (Pk/s) a host can handle, is a shifting commodity. This research analyzes host performance characteristics under varying data loads. The hosts include SGI single and multi-processor systems and Intel Pentium platforms using both Windows 95 and Linux Operating Systems. The networking media covers Ethernet, ATM and FDDI. For the ATM network, both AAL5 and IP over ATM were analyzed. With the data from this research, a system is proposed and developed that takes individual messages and bundles them into multi-message packets. This bundling process overcomes the 5,000 Pk/s limitation, reduces the CPU network handling time and introduces a flow-control mechanism at the local network level. While the idea of bundling messages to increase CPU efficiency is not new, there are no current methods of bundling within the new High Level Architecture (HLA). This proposed process is a novel approach to introduce flow control, priority message handling and increase address space while utilizing bundled data delivery. For traditional network delivery, typical CPU usage from network data varies as a function of traffic load, ranging from 5% at 500 messages-per-second to over 80% at 4,000 messages-per-second. The new bundling process requires 10% at 500 messages-per-second but only increases to 13% at 4,000 messages-per-second

An Integrated Network Architecture for a High Speed Distributed Multimedia System.

Computer communication demands for higher bandwidth and smaller delays are increasing rapidly as the march into the twenty-first century gains momentum. These demands are generated by visualization applications which model complex real time phenomena in visual form, electronic document imaging and manipulation, concurrent engineering, on-line databases and multimedia applications which integrate audio, video and data. The convergence of the computer and video worlds is leading to the emergence of a distributed multimedia environment. This research investigates an integrated approach in the design of a high speed computer-video local area network for a distributed multimedia environment. The initial step in providing multimedia services over computer networks is to ensure bandwidth availability for these services. The bandwidth needs based on traffic generated in a distributed multimedia environment is computationally characterized by a model. This model is applied to the real-time problem of designing a backbone for a distributed multimedia environment at the NASA Classroom of the Future Program. The network incorporates legacy LANs and the latest high speed switching technologies. Performance studies have been conducted with different network topologies for various multimedia application scenarios to establish benchmarks for the operation of the network. In these performance studies it has been observed that network topologies play an important role in ensuring that sufficient bandwidth is available for multimedia traffic. After the implementation of the network and the performance studies, it was found that for true quality of service guarantees, some modifications will have to be made in the multimedia operating systems used in client workstations. These modifications would gather knowledge of the channel between source and destination and reserve resources for multimedia communication based on specified requirements. A scheme for reserving resources in a network consisting legacy LAN and ATM is presented to guarantee quality of service for multimedia applications

Análise de tráfego na integração de redes IP e ATM usando simulação

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Computação

IP and ATM integration: A New paradigm in multi-service internetworking

ATM is a widespread technology adopted by many to support advanced data communication, in particular efficient Internet services provision. The expected challenges of multimedia communication together with the increasing massive utilization of IP-based applications urgently require redesign of networking solutions in terms of both new functionalities and enhanced performance. However, the networking context is affected by so many changes, and to some extent chaotic growth, that any approach based on a structured and complex top-down architecture is unlikely to be applicable. Instead, an approach based on finding out the best match between realistic service requirements and the pragmatic, intelligent use of technical opportunities made available by the product market seems more appropriate. By following this approach, innovations and improvements can be introduced at different times, not necessarily complying with each other according to a coherent overall design. With the aim of pursuing feasible innovations in the different networking aspects, we look at both IP and ATM internetworking in order to investigating a few of the most crucial topics/ issues related to the IP and ATM integration perspective. This research would also address various means of internetworking the Internet Protocol (IP) and Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) with an objective of identifying the best possible means of delivering Quality of Service (QoS) requirements for multi-service applications, exploiting the meritorious features that IP and ATM have to offer. Although IP and ATM often have been viewed as competitors, their complementary strengths and limitations from a natural alliance that combines the best aspects of both the technologies. For instance, one limitation of ATM networks has been the relatively large gap between the speed of the network paths and the control operations needed to configure those data paths to meet changing user needs. IP\u27s greatest strength, on the other hand, is the inherent flexibility and its capacity to adapt rapidly to changing conditions. These complementary strengths and limitations make it natural to combine IP with ATM to obtain the best that each has to offer. Over time many models and architectures have evolved for IP/ATM internetworking and they have impacted the fundamental thinking in internetworking IP and ATM. These technologies, architectures, models and implementations will be reviewed in greater detail in addressing possible issues in integrating these architectures s in a multi-service, enterprise network. The objective being to make recommendations as to the best means of interworking the two in exploiting the salient features of one another to provide a faster, reliable, scalable, robust, QoS aware network in the most economical manner. How IP will be carried over ATM when a commercial worldwide ATM network is deployed is not addressed and the details of such a network still remain in a state of flux to specify anything concrete. Our research findings culminated with a strong recommendation that the best model to adopt, in light of the impending integrated service requirements of future multi-service environments, is an ATM core with IP at the edges to realize the best of both technologies in delivering QoS guarantees in a seamless manner to any node in the enterprise

Avaliação de desempenho de comutadores ATM /

Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico

Performance evaluation of Fast Ethernet, ATM and Myrinet under PVM

Congestion in network switches can limit the communication traffic between Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM) nodes in a parallel computation. The research introduces a new benchmark to evaluate the performance of PVM in various networking environments. The benchmark is used to achieve a better understanding of performance limitations in parallel computing that are imposed by the choice of the network. The networks considered here are Fast Ethernet, Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) OC-3c (155Mb/s) and Myrinet. Together, they represent an interesting range of alternatives for parallel cluster computing. A characterization of network delays and throughput and a comparison of the expected costs of the three environments are developed to provide a basis for an informed decision on the networking methods and topology for a parallel database that is being considered for FBI\u27s National DNA Indexing System (NDIS)[17]. This network is used for communications among the nodes of the parallel machine; thus the security requirements defined for the FBI\u27s Criminal Justice Information Services Division Wide Area Network (CJIS-WAN) [12] are not a concern

Mpls/Vpls: servicio de Lan privada virtual sobre Mpls

En la actualidad MPLS se ha convertido en una de las soluciones más apetecidas para la implementación del transporte en Backbones metropolitanos, las ventajas de una red Multiservicio sobre una red IP son innumerables entre ellas están la implementación de soluciones Ethernet punto a punto en las cuales dos equipos remotos pueden compartir el mismo dominio de broadcast; en estos momentos se esta trabajando en la implementación de VPNs de nivel 2 que permitan solucionar el problema de la conversión de direcciones MAC a IP. Dentro de los antecedentes de las investigaciones sobre la emulación de redes LAN en Backbones, encontramos ATM LANE que emulaba una LAN sobre una WAN ATM, el servicio ATM LANE tenía 4 componentes básicos. Un LEC (Lan Emulation Client), un LECS (Lan Emulation Configuration Server), un LES (Lan Emulation Server) y un BUS (Broadcast Unknow Server), estos componentes interactúan Emulando una LAN en la cual los LEC comparten un mismo dominio de Broadcast; otro antecedente importante tiene que ver con AAL5 y con su mecanismo “LLC Encapsulation” que multiplexa varios protocolos sobre un mismo circuito virtual. Cuando se habla de VPLS es de vital importancia hacer un repaso por los conceptos más importantes de MPLS, explicar como opera el Backbone MPLS con todos sus componentes entre ellos los LSR (Label Switching Router), como se realiza el intercambio de etiquetas y como este intercambio de etiquetas optimiza el envío de paquetes en la re