546,048 research outputs found
User Cooperation in Wireless Powered Communication Networks
This paper studies user cooperation in the emerging wireless powered
communication network (WPCN) for throughput optimization. For the purpose of
exposition, we consider a two-user WPCN, in which one hybrid access point
(H-AP) broadcasts wireless energy to two distributed users in the downlink (DL)
and the users transmit their independent information using their individually
harvested energy to the H-AP in the uplink (UL) through
time-division-multiple-access (TDMA). We propose user cooperation in the WPCN
where the user which is nearer to the H-AP and has a better channel for DL
energy harvesting and UL information transmission uses part of its allocated UL
time and DL harvested energy to help to relay the far user's information to the
H-AP, in order to achieve more balanced throughput optimization. We maximize
the weighted sum-rate (WSR) of the two users by jointly optimizing the time and
power allocations in the network for both wireless energy transfer in the DL
and wireless information transmission and relaying in the UL. Simulation
results show that the proposed user cooperation scheme can effectively improve
the achievable throughput in the WPCN with desired user fairness.Comment: 7 figure
MARVEL: measured active rotational-vibrational energy levels
An algorithm is proposed, based principally on an earlier proposition of Flaud and co-workers [Mol. Phys. 32 (1976) 499], that inverts the information contained in uniquely assigned experimental rotational-vibrational transitions in order to obtain measured active rotational-vibrational energy levels (MARVEL). The procedure starts with collecting, critically evaluating, selecting, and compiling all available measured transitions, including assignments and uncertainties, into a single database. Then, spectroscopic networks (SN) are determined which contain all interconnecting rotational-vibrational energy levels supported by the grand database of the selected transitions. Adjustment of the uncertainties of the lines is performed next, with the help of a robust weighting strategy, until a self-consistent set of lines and uncertainties is achieved. Inversion of the transitions through a weighted least-squares-type procedure results in MARVEL energy levels and associated uncertainties. Local sensitivity coefficients could be computed for each energy level. The resulting set of MARVEL levels is called active as when new experimental measurements become available the same evaluation, adjustment, and inversion procedure should be repeated in order to obtain more dependable energy levels and uncertainties. MARVEL is tested on the example of the H-2 O-17 isotopologue of water and a list of 2736 dependable energy levels, based on 8369 transitions, has been obtained. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Small Volume Fraction Limit of the Diblock Copolymer Problem: I. Sharp Interface Functional
We present the first of two articles on the small volume fraction limit of a
nonlocal Cahn-Hilliard functional introduced to model microphase separation of
diblock copolymers. Here we focus attention on the sharp-interface version of
the functional and consider a limit in which the volume fraction tends to zero
but the number of minority phases (called particles) remains O(1). Using the
language of Gamma-convergence, we focus on two levels of this convergence, and
derive first and second order effective energies, whose energy landscapes are
simpler and more transparent. These limiting energies are only finite on
weighted sums of delta functions, corresponding to the concentration of mass
into `point particles'. At the highest level, the effective energy is entirely
local and contains information about the structure of each particle but no
information about their spatial distribution. At the next level we encounter a
Coulomb-like interaction between the particles, which is responsible for the
pattern formation. We present the results here in both three and two
dimensions.Comment: 37 pages, 1 figur
Charm-quark mass from weighted finite energy QCD sum rules
The running charm-quark mass in the scheme is determined from
weighted finite energy QCD sum rules (FESR) involving the vector current
correlator. Only the short distance expansion of this correlator is used,
together with integration kernels (weights) involving positive powers of ,
the squared energy. The optimal kernels are found to be a simple {\it pinched}
kernel, and polynomials of the Legendre type. The former kernel reduces
potential duality violations near the real axis in the complex s-plane, and the
latter allows to extend the analysis to energy regions beyond the end point of
the data. These kernels, together with the high energy expansion of the
correlator, weigh the experimental and theoretical information differently from
e.g. inverse moments FESR. Current, state of the art results for the vector
correlator up to four-loop order in perturbative QCD are used in the FESR,
together with the latest experimental data. The integration in the complex
s-plane is performed using three different methods, fixed order perturbation
theory (FOPT), contour improved perturbation theory (CIPT), and a fixed
renormalization scale (FMUPT). The final result is , in a wide region of stability against changes in the
integration radius in the complex s-plane.Comment: A short discussion on convergence issues has been added at the end of
the pape
Small Volume Fraction Limit of the Diblock Copolymer Problem: II. Diffuse-Interface Functional
We present the second of two articles on the small volume fraction limit of a
nonlocal Cahn-Hilliard functional introduced to model microphase separation of
diblock copolymers. After having established the results for the
sharp-interface version of the functional (arXiv:0907.2224), we consider here
the full diffuse-interface functional and address the limit in which epsilon
and the volume fraction tend to zero but the number of minority phases (called
particles) remains O(1). Using the language of Gamma-convergence, we focus on
two levels of this convergence, and derive first- and second-order effective
energies, whose energy landscapes are simpler and more transparent. These
limiting energies are only finite on weighted sums of delta functions,
corresponding to the concentration of mass into `point particles'. At the
highest level, the effective energy is entirely local and contains information
about the size of each particle but no information about their spatial
distribution. At the next level we encounter a Coulomb-like interaction between
the particles, which is responsible for the pattern formation. We present the
results in three dimensions and comment on their two-dimensional analogues
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