17,239 research outputs found
Complexity Classifications via Algebraic Logic
Complexity and decidability of logics is an active research area involving a wide range of different logical systems. We introduce an algebraic approach to complexity classifications of computational logics. Our base system GRA, or general relation algebra, is equiexpressive with first-order logic FO. It resembles cylindric algebra but employs a finite signature with only seven different operators, thus also giving a very succinct characterization of the expressive capacities of first-order logic. We provide a comprehensive classification of the decidability and complexity of the systems obtained by limiting the allowed sets of operators of GRA. We also discuss variants and extensions of GRA, and we provide algebraic characterizations of a range of well-known decidable logics
Adding an Implication to Logics of Perfect Paradefinite Algebras
Perfect paradefinite algebras are De Morgan algebras expanded with a
perfection (or classicality) operation. They form a variety that is
term-equivalent to the variety of involutive Stone algebras. Their associated
multiple-conclusion (Set-Set) and single-conclusion (Set-Fmla) order-preserving
logics are non-algebraizable self-extensional logics of formal inconsistency
and undeterminedness determined by a six-valued matrix, studied in depth by
Gomes et al. (2022) from both the algebraic and the proof-theoretical
perspectives. We continue hereby that study by investigating directions for
conservatively expanding these logics with an implication connective
(essentially, one that admits the deduction-detachment theorem). We first
consider logics given by very simple and manageable non-deterministic semantics
whose implication (in isolation) is classical. These, nevertheless, fail to be
self-extensional. We then consider the implication realized by the relative
pseudo-complement over the six-valued perfect paradefinite algebra. Our
strategy is to expand such algebra with this connective and study the
(self-extensional) Set-Set and Set-Fmla order-preserving logics, as well as the
T-assertional logics of the variety induced by the new algebra. We provide
axiomatizations for such new variety and for such logics, drawing parallels
with the class of symmetric Heyting algebras and with Moisil's `symmetric modal
logic'. For the Set-Set logic, in particular, the axiomatization we obtain is
analytic. We close by studying interpolation properties for these logics and
concluding that the new variety has the Maehara amalgamation property
Lattices of quasi-equational theories as congruence lattices of semilattices with operators, Part I
We show that for every quasivariety K of structures (where both functions and
relations are allowed) there is a semilattice S with operators such that the
lattice of quasi-equational theories of K (the dual of the lattice of
sub-quasivarieties of K) is isomorphic to Con(S,+,0,F). As a consequence, new
restrictions on the natural quasi-interior operator on lattices of
quasi-equational theories are found.Comment: Presented on International conference "Order, Algebra and Logics",
Vanderbilt University, 12-16 June, 2007 25 pages, 2 figure
First-order Nilpotent Minimum Logics: first steps
Following the lines of the analysis done in [BPZ07, BCF07] for first-order
G\"odel logics, we present an analogous investigation for Nilpotent Minimum
logic NM. We study decidability and reciprocal inclusion of various sets of
first-order tautologies of some subalgebras of the standard Nilpotent Minimum
algebra. We establish a connection between the validity in an NM-chain of
certain first-order formulas and its order type. Furthermore, we analyze
axiomatizability, undecidability and the monadic fragments.Comment: In this version of the paper the presentation has been improved. The
introduction section has been rewritten, and many modifications have been
done to improve the readability; moreover, numerous references have been
added. Concerning the technical side, some proofs has been shortened or made
more clear, but the mathematical content is substantially the same of the
previous versio
Super-\L ukasiewicz logics expanded by
Baaz's operator was introduced (by Baaz) in order to extend G\"odel
logics, after that this operator was used to expand fuzzy logics by H\'ajek in
his celebrated book. These logics were called -fuzzy logics. On the
other hand, possibility operators were studied in the setting of \L
ukasiewicz-Moisil algebras; curiously, one of these operators coincide with the
Baaz's one. In this paper, we study the operator in the context of
(-valued) Super-\L ukasiewicz logics. An algebraic study of these logics is
presented and the cardinality of Lindembaun-Tarski algebra with a finite number
of variables is given. Finally, as a by-product, we present an alternative
axiomatization of H\'ajek's \L ukasiwicz logic expanded with
Characteristic formulas over intermediate logics
We expand the notion of characteristic formula to infinite finitely
presentable subdirectly irreducible algebras. We prove that there is a
continuum of varieties of Heyting algebras containing infinite finitely
presentable subdirectly irreducible algebras. Moreover, we prove that there is
a continuum of intermediate logics that can be axiomatized by characteristic
formulas of infinite algebras while they are not axiomatizable by standard
Jankov formulas. We give the examples of intermediate logics that are not
axiomatizable by characteristic formulas of infinite algebras. Also, using the
Goedel-McKinsey-Tarski translation we extend these results to the varieties of
interior algebras and normal extensions of S
Stone-Type Dualities for Separation Logics
Stone-type duality theorems, which relate algebraic and
relational/topological models, are important tools in logic because -- in
addition to elegant abstraction -- they strengthen soundness and completeness
to a categorical equivalence, yielding a framework through which both algebraic
and topological methods can be brought to bear on a logic. We give a systematic
treatment of Stone-type duality for the structures that interpret bunched
logics, starting with the weakest systems, recovering the familiar BI and
Boolean BI (BBI), and extending to both classical and intuitionistic Separation
Logic. We demonstrate the uniformity and modularity of this analysis by
additionally capturing the bunched logics obtained by extending BI and BBI with
modalities and multiplicative connectives corresponding to disjunction,
negation and falsum. This includes the logic of separating modalities (LSM), De
Morgan BI (DMBI), Classical BI (CBI), and the sub-classical family of logics
extending Bi-intuitionistic (B)BI (Bi(B)BI). We additionally obtain as
corollaries soundness and completeness theorems for the specific Kripke-style
models of these logics as presented in the literature: for DMBI, the
sub-classical logics extending BiBI and a new bunched logic, Concurrent Kleene
BI (connecting our work to Concurrent Separation Logic), this is the first time
soundness and completeness theorems have been proved. We thus obtain a
comprehensive semantic account of the multiplicative variants of all standard
propositional connectives in the bunched logic setting. This approach
synthesises a variety of techniques from modal, substructural and categorical
logic and contextualizes the "resource semantics" interpretation underpinning
Separation Logic amongst them
Canonical formulas for k-potent commutative, integral, residuated lattices
Canonical formulas are a powerful tool for studying intuitionistic and modal
logics. Actually, they provide a uniform and semantic way to axiomatise all
extensions of intuitionistic logic and all modal logics above K4. Although the
method originally hinged on the relational semantics of those logics, recently
it has been completely recast in algebraic terms. In this new perspective
canonical formulas are built from a finite subdirectly irreducible algebra by
describing completely the behaviour of some operations and only partially the
behaviour of some others. In this paper we export the machinery of canonical
formulas to substructural logics by introducing canonical formulas for
-potent, commutative, integral, residuated lattices (-).
We show that any subvariety of - is axiomatised by canonical
formulas. The paper ends with some applications and examples.Comment: Some typo corrected and additional comments adde
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