Soil Recycling Among Construction Sites by Optimizing Schedule and Costs for Earthmoving

Recycling uncontaminated excavated construction soil is beneficial because it reduces the costs to abandon excess soil or obtain refill soil from a distant location while alleviating environmental burdens. For this reason, various methods and techniques to support on-site soil reuse have been explored. However, in order to increase the reuse rate, excavated soil should be recycled among different construction sites as well. As a prerequisite for reusing excess soil in this context, the construction schedules, type of soil, trading volume, and incurred costs must be coordinated. In order to consider all of these aspects, earthmoving among construction sites needs to be planned by means of multi-objective optimization. This paper aims to present a practical solution supporting inter-site soil trade by introducing a non-dominated sorting algorithm-II (NSGA-II), a type of multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA). A description of the optimization procedure is provided, and computational results are presented to prove the effectiveness of the selected method

Cloud Based Solid Waste Transportation Optimisation for Energy Conversion

Effective and efficient management of solid waste is an incessantly growing and the obdurate problem of global and regional levels particularly for local authorities in urban centers. Several processes such as monitoring, collection, transporting, processing, recycling, and disposal are involved that requires immediate attention owing to economic and environmental concerns. Expressly the gathering and moving of solid waste to the energy production/recycling/ending destination has been prioritized higher because of its significant share of the total waste management budget. All these processes involve the mammoth amount of data and their manipulation for real-time use. Hence, this paper proposes a cloud based algorithm to optimize the transportation cost of solid waste from transfer stations to the final dumping stations subject to transfer vehicle constraints. The solid waste transportation dispatching is a direct analytical approach that provides three options: (i) economic dispatch option provides a minimum operating cost of solid waste transfer and its corresponding emission; (ii) emission dispatch option provides a minimum vehicle emission for the same quantity of the solid waste transferred and its corresponding operating cost of transfer and finally (iii) an environmentally friendly economic transfer of solid waste. The efficacy of the algorithm has been shown with an enduring solid waste management system in the Indian context. Keywords: Cloud, economic and environmental concerns, solid waste transportation JEL Classifications: B41, C61, C88, R4

Municipal solid-waste collection and disposal management using geospatial techniques in Maseru City, Lesotho

The use of geospatial techniques plays a crucial role in solid waste management. Collection and transportation of solid waste must be done in an efficient manner to avoid negative environmental impacts. At the time of study, there are no collection and routing system in Maseru City, leading to haphazard collection and disposal of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). The aims of the study are: (i) To get an understanding and address the challenges faced by relevant stakeholders in solid waste management for Maseru City, (ii) To minimize adverse environmental impacts due to unscientific location of a disposal site and (iii) To minimize transportation costs and time during collection. The objectives of this study are summarized in the following: assess the current solid waste management, model suitable disposal/dump sites, determine MSW collection points and develop an optimal route for MSW collection and disposal in Maseru City. To assess the current solid waste management, 130 households, 73 community waste pickers, 15 Maseru City Council (MCC) management staff and 3 drivers were interviewed, and relevant data collected. Both primary and secondary data collection methods were used. Primary data collection methods included interviews, questionnaires and observations and creating feature classes in a geo database. Secondary data collection was done from relevant government repositories, digitization, and internet web sites. Simple random, area, cluster, and convenience sampling techniques were applied. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Remote sensing techniques were used to carry out suitability and network analysis, and location of MSW collection points. The study found out that the dump site (Ts'osane) was used by MCC and was not suitably located, hence more suitable alternative dump sites have been proposed. However, Ts'osane dump site was adopted in the analysis as it is the one used by MCC at the time of study. The researcher also found out that there were no designated MSW collection points and optimal routes, and that solid waste collection was done by both MCC and CBOs. In this regard, 334 collection points have been determined based on population and generated solid waste per Constituency and were randomly located in the study area. However, due to the policy that within 25m from the road no development could take place, only collection points which fell v within 25m from the road were selected and used in the routing analysis. One truck was used in the analysis, although more trucks could be used as it was at the time of study. For future research, there is a need to research on policy so that criteria for locating solid waste disposal and location of collection points is explicitly specified in the law to be able to conduct scientific analyses. A multi modal network analysis that would include all the vehicles used by MCC and the CBOs to develop a comprehensive network analysis that would also include necessary attributes such as road names, type, class, and length is needed

Green Logistics development and evaluation of the carbon footprint

Along with the worldwide climate changing, human activities and the rapid deterioration of the environment, Low-carbon economy in recent years become increasingly focus of attention in people's lives. The economic reform will gradually penetrate into the logistics system, modern logistics as a composite service industry, play a decisive role in the modern division of labor and cooperation under the social environment, it is a manufacturing! The important supporting business is an important bridge between production and consumption. The logistics industry is in a period of rapid development, the logistics process not only energy consumption demand is big, and the C02 emissions are also large. Coupled with the destruction of the human living environment, the greenhouse effect becomes more and more prominent, more the need of the development of green logistics, low carbon logistics. However, at home and abroad for most of the research of this aspect is still stay in the stage of qualitative analysis, quantitative analysis of the literature on energy consumption and C02 emission of less amount of logistics system. There are four objectives will be discussed. The first objective is the relevant literature on the green logistics is summarized, which lays the foundation for the research in this paper, green logistics. The second objective is the energy consumption and C02 calculation models were summarized, to provide reference for other scholars to conduct relevant research. The third objective is through statistical analysis, master the different modes of transport energy consumption and C02 emissions, and provide the basis for enterprises to choose the mode of transport. The fourth objective combining with specific examples, analyzed the carbon footprint of the logistics process instance modeling based on LCA.fi=Opinnäytetyö kokotekstinä PDF-muodossa.|en=Thesis fulltext in PDF format.|sv=Lärdomsprov tillgängligt som fulltext i PDF-format

Models and Algorihtm for the Optimization of Real-World Routing and Logistics Problems

Logistics involves planning, managing, and organizing the flows of goods from the point of origin to the point of destination in order to meet some requirements. Logistics and transportation aspects are very important and represent a relevant costs for producing and shipping companies, but also for public administration and private citizens. The optimization of resources and the improvement in the organization of operations is crucial for all branches of logistics, from the operation management to the transportation. As we will have the chance to see in this work, optimization techniques, models, and algorithms represent important methods to solve the always new and more complex problems arising in different segments of logistics. Many operation management and transportation problems are related to the optimization class of problems called Vehicle Routing Problems (VRPs). In this work, we consider several real-world deterministic and stochastic problems that are included in the wide class of the VRPs, and we solve them by means of exact and heuristic methods. We treat three classes of real-world routing and logistics problems. We deal with one of the most important tactical problems that arises in the managing of the bike sharing systems, that is the Bike sharing Rebalancing Problem (BRP). We propose models and algorithms for real-world earthwork optimization problems. We describe the 3DP process and we highlight several optimization issues in 3DP. Among those, we define the problem related to the tool path definition in the 3DP process, the 3D Routing Problem (3DRP), which is a generalization of the arc routing problem. We present an ILP model and several heuristic algorithms to solve the 3DRP

Town of New Boston, New Hampshire annual report for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2019.

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire

Town of New Boston, New Hampshire annual report for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2019.

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire

Town of New Boston, New Hampshire annual report for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2019.

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire

A model to reduce earthmoving impacts

Meeting increasingly ambitious carbon regulations in the construction industry is particularly challenging for earthmoving operations due to the extensive use of heavy-duty diesel equipment. Better planning of operations and balancing of competing demands linked to environmental concerns, costs, and duration is needed. However, existing approaches (theoretical and practical) rarely address all of these demands simultaneously, and are often limited to parts of the process, such as earth allocation methods or equipment allocation methods based on practitioners’ past experience or goals. Thus, this study proposes a method that can integrate multiple planning techniques to maximize mitigation of project impacts cost-effectively, including the noted approaches together with others developed to facilitate effective decision-making. The model is adapted for planners and contractors to optimize mass flows and allocate earthmoving equipment configurations with respect to tradeoffs between duration, cost, CO2 emissions, and energy use. Three equipment allocation approaches are proposed and demonstrated in a case study. A rule-based approach that allocates equipment configurations according to hauling distances provided the best-performing approach in terms of costs, CO2 emissions, energy use and simplicity (which facilitates practical application at construction sites). The study also indicates that trucks are major contributors to earthmoving operations’ costs and environmental impacts