Internal Friction as a Possible Key Factor Governing the Thermosensitivity of TRP Channels

Six thermo-activated transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are the molecular basis of the thermosensation for mammals. However, the molecular source of their gating remains unknown. In the Letter, we suggest a physically based model for the TRP channels and show that the temperature dependence of the “internal friction” can be a key factor governing the ion channels gating. Results of the computer modeling allowed us to successfully reproduce the experimental data for the open probability Popen of the TRPV1 and TRPM8 channels at different temperatures and voltages. © 2019, Pleiades Publishing, Inc.This work was supported by the Government of the Russian Federation (agreement no. 02.A03.21.0006, Act 211) and by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (project nos. 2277 and 5719)

Russian Federalism in 2012-2021

Researchers have disagreed on whether the Russian federal system of government was one of the many models of federalism, its own unique form of it, or not federalism. Therefore, the overarching research question investigated was how classic western theoretical frameworks on federalism applied to the contemporary Russian federal system, how the Russian system evolved in its own unique way, and how it related to asymmetrical federalist, quasi-federalist, and non-federalist systems. The classic theoretical foundation framework on federalism was applied. The purpose of this research was to study current trends within the Russian federal government system and investigate paths for Russia’s further development toward either the confederate, unitary or federal system. This research was conducted through a qualitative method design using open data. Sources used in the study included works by U.S., European, Russian, and other international authors. Only relevant works were selected for analysis and reference. The dates of published works and studies ranged from 1603 to 2022. The constant comparison method was used to categorize, compare, analyze, refine, and compile data. The key findings of the research identified the Russian Federation as a unique federal public administration system with constitutional, cooperative, ethnoterritorial, asymmetric, and centralized federal-regional characteristics and features. The implications for positive social change are updated research and understanding of the United States’ major counterpart on a global stage, the Russian Federation, which could benefit public policy administration scholars and practitioners

Mutual fund investing : one of the main ways of saving for retirement in Russia

One of the most acute problems in the world today is provision of a respectable living for the elderly. Today the process of aging population (as a result of a declined birth rate and increased life expectancy) has touched all countries of the world - developed countries as well as countries like Russia. Consequently, reforming traditional pension systems to deal with the changing situation has become an important issue around the world. These reforms typically center on the implementation of some form of funding of future pension benefits. This also holds for Russia, where in 1995 pension reform legislation introduced the so-called “accumulation pension”. In this context, this article will deal with the issues concerning the establishment of mutual funds, legal aspects of their operating and their investing opportunities. There will be carried out a comparative analysis of mutual funds with the other forms of public investments, namely: Common Funds of Bank Management, Voucher Investment Funds and Joint-stock Investment Funds

Russian Forestry Planning: Forestry Revenue and Expenditures

The expenditure-revenue comparison of forestry in market conditions is becoming a pressing issue. For the government, expenditures are tied to forest management costs, and revenue is generated in the form of payments for forest use. At the same time, the target of budget forestry funding is parcels of forest reserve land that are not leased. Forest management within the borders of leased forest lands is carried out by the tenants at their own expense, while continuing to make lease payments. As studies have shown, expenditures for all budget levels of forestry management in the Russian Federation from 2011 to 2017 consistently exceeded revenue from forest use. One of the key problems in Russian forestry is underfunding. Given these conditions, this industry's existing systems of budgeting and revenue increases must be transformed. This paper offers recommendations on how to change the current situation. © 2019 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved

Privatization with Government Control: Evidence from the Russian Oil Sector

Governments that privatize state industries often retain control over key distribution assets. While there are many examples of this form of partial privatization, to our knowledge there are no substantial quantitative studies of how governments use their control under these circumstances. In this paper we argue that the Russian government privatization of the oil sector during 1994-2003 is a useful case study because the federal government privatized oil production but retained monopoly control rights over the transport of crude onto world markets. Based on a simple analysis of the costs and benefits of control and ownership, we argue that that in these circumstances the federal government would use its control over transport capacity to provide privileged access to those companies over which it has influence. We find that in 2003 this is indeed the case and that this system detracted from economic efficiency. In particular, private and regionally owned companies had to be much more productive than companies over which the federal government (the state) had influence to receive comparable access to world markets; state-influence companies had preferential access to routes with more capacity; and, the allocation of route capacity was sensitive to transport costs only in the state-influence sector.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/57206/1/wp826 .pd

Learning analytics in massive open online courses as a tool for predicting learner performance

Learning analytics in MOOCs can be used to predict learner performance, which is critical as higher education is moving towards adaptive learning. Interdisciplinary methods used in the article allow for interpreting empirical qualitative data on performance in specific types of course assignments to predict learner performance and improve the quality of MOOCs. Learning analytics results make it possible to take the most from the data regarding the ways learners engage with information and their level of skills at entry. The article presents the results of applying the proposed learning analytics algorithm to analyze learner performance in specific MOOCs developed by Ural Federal University and offered through the National Open Education Platform. © 2018, National Research University Higher School of Economics.This study was support- ed by financial assis- tance provided under the Resolution of the Government of the Rus sian Federation No. 211, Contract No. 02. A03.21.0006. Translated from Russian by I. Zhuchkova