54,222 research outputs found
Essentials In Ontology Engineering: Methodologies, Languages, And Tools
In the beginning of the 90s, ontology development was similar to an art: ontology developers did not have clear guidelines on how to build ontologies but only some design criteria to be followed. Work on principles, methods and methodologies, together with supporting technologies and languages, made ontology development become an engineering discipline, the so-called Ontology Engineering. Ontology Engineering refers to the set of activities that concern the ontology development process and the ontology life cycle, the methods and methodologies for building ontologies, and the tool suites and languages that support them. Thanks to the work done in the Ontology Engineering field, the development of ontologies within and between teams has increased and improved, as well as the possibility of reusing ontologies in other developments and in final applications. Currently, ontologies are widely used in (a) Knowledge Engineering, Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science, (b) applications related to knowledge management, natural language processing, e-commerce, intelligent information integration, information retrieval, database design and integration, bio-informatics, education, and (c) the Semantic Web, the Semantic Grid, and the Linked Data initiative. In this paper, we provide an overview of Ontology Engineering, mentioning the most outstanding and used methodologies, languages, and tools for building ontologies. In addition, we include some words on how all these elements can be used in the Linked Data initiative
Integration of the DOLCE top-level ontology into the OntoSpec methodology
This report describes a new version of the OntoSpec methodology for ontology
building. Defined by the LaRIA Knowledge Engineering Team (University of
Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France), OntoSpec aims at helping builders to
model ontological knowledge (upstream of formal representation). The
methodology relies on a set of rigorously-defined modelling primitives and
principles. Its application leads to the elaboration of a semi-informal
ontology, which is independent of knowledge representation languages. We
recently enriched the OntoSpec methodology by endowing it with a new resource,
the DOLCE top-level ontology defined at the LOA (IST-CNR, Trento, Italy). The
goal of this integration is to provide modellers with additional help in
structuring application ontologies, while maintaining independence
vis-\`{a}-vis formal representation languages. In this report, we first provide
an overview of the OntoSpec methodology's general principles and then describe
the DOLCE re-engineering process. A complete version of DOLCE-OS (i.e. a
specification of DOLCE in the semi-informal OntoSpec language) is presented in
an appendix
Revisiting the Core Ontology and Problem in Requirements Engineering
In their seminal paper in the ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and
Methodology, Zave and Jackson established a core ontology for Requirements
Engineering (RE) and used it to formulate the "requirements problem", thereby
defining what it means to successfully complete RE. Given that stakeholders of
the system-to-be communicate the information needed to perform RE, we show that
Zave and Jackson's ontology is incomplete. It does not cover all types of basic
concerns that the stakeholders communicate. These include beliefs, desires,
intentions, and attitudes. In response, we propose a core ontology that covers
these concerns and is grounded in sound conceptual foundations resting on a
foundational ontology. The new core ontology for RE leads to a new formulation
of the requirements problem that extends Zave and Jackson's formulation. We
thereby establish new standards for what minimum information should be
represented in RE languages and new criteria for determining whether RE has
been successfully completed.Comment: Appears in the proceedings of the 16th IEEE International
Requirements Engineering Conference, 2008 (RE'08). Best paper awar
Revisiting the Core Ontology and Problem in Requirements Engineering
In their seminal paper in the ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and
Methodology, Zave and Jackson established a core ontology for Requirements
Engineering (RE) and used it to formulate the "requirements problem", thereby
defining what it means to successfully complete RE. Given that stakeholders of
the system-to-be communicate the information needed to perform RE, we show that
Zave and Jackson's ontology is incomplete. It does not cover all types of basic
concerns that the stakeholders communicate. These include beliefs, desires,
intentions, and attitudes. In response, we propose a core ontology that covers
these concerns and is grounded in sound conceptual foundations resting on a
foundational ontology. The new core ontology for RE leads to a new formulation
of the requirements problem that extends Zave and Jackson's formulation. We
thereby establish new standards for what minimum information should be
represented in RE languages and new criteria for determining whether RE has
been successfully completed.Comment: Appears in the proceedings of the 16th IEEE International
Requirements Engineering Conference, 2008 (RE'08). Best paper awar
On the role of domain ontologies in the design of domain-specific visual modeling langages
Domain-Specific Visual Modeling Languages should provide notations and abstractions that suitably support problem solving in well-defined application domains. From their user’s perspective, the language’s modeling primitives must be intuitive and expressive enough in capturing all intended aspects of domain conceptualizations. Over the years formal and explicit representations of domain conceptualizations have been developed as domain ontologies. In this paper, we show how the design of these languages can benefit from conceptual tools developed by the ontology engineering community
Drawing OWL 2 ontologies with Eddy the editor
In this paper we introduce Eddy, a new open-source tool for the graphical editing of OWL~2 ontologies. Eddy is specifically designed for creating ontologies in Graphol, a completely visual ontology language that is equivalent to OWL~2. Thus, in Eddy ontologies are easily drawn as diagrams, rather than written as sets of formulas, as commonly happens in popular ontology design and engineering environments.
This makes Eddy particularly suited for usage by people who are more familiar with diagramatic languages for conceptual modeling rather than with typical ontology formalisms, as is often required in non-academic and industrial contexts. Eddy provides intuitive functionalities for specifying Graphol diagrams, guarantees their syntactic correctness, and allows for exporting them in standard OWL 2 syntax. A user evaluation study we conducted shows that Eddy is perceived as an easy and intuitive tool for ontology specification
A manufacturing system engineering ontology model on the semantic web for inter-enterprise collaboration
This paper investigates ontology-based approaches for representing information semantics and in particular the World Wide Web. A general manufacturing system engineering (MSE) knowledge representation scheme, called an MSE ontology model, to facilitate communication and information exchange in inter-enterprise, multi-disciplinary engineering design teams has been developed and encoded in the standard semantic web language. The proposed approach focuses on how to support information autonomy that allows the individual team members to keep their own preferred languages or information models rather than requiring them all to adopt standardized terminology. The MSE ontology model provides efficient access by common mediated meta-models across all engineering design teams through semantic matching. This paper also shows how the primitives of Web Ontology Language (OWL) can be used for expressing simple mappings between the mediated MSE ontology model and individual ontologies
An inter-enterprise semantic web system to support information autonomy and conflict moderation
This paper discusses a semantic web architecture for formation of an extended project team manufacturing system engineering moderator (EEMSEM) which includes four major modules: ontology acquisition, ontology mapping, knowledge acquisition, and design moderation. This collaborative system architecture focuses on how to support information autonomy that allows individual enterprises to keep their own preferred terminology or languages rather than requiring them to adopt a single standardized vocabulary. Different engineering information terminologies are interpreted and automatically connected to the corresponding terminologies through mapping into the mediated ontology model. A case study is provided to demonstrate how the EEMSEM applies its ontology during the moderation of an extended enterprise, supply chain focused project
Ontological Engineering: What are Ontologies and How Can We Build Them?
Ontologies are formal, explicit specifications of shared conceptualizations. There is much literature on what they are, how they can be engineered and where they can be used inside applications. All these literature can be grouped under the term “Ontological Engineering,” which is defined as the set of activities that concern the ontology development process, the ontology lifecycle, the principles, methods and methodologies for building ontologies, and the tool suites and languages that support them. In this chapter we provide an overview of Ontological Engineering, describing the current trends, issues and problem
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