On the development of global mobile environment

The global mobile environment consists of hundreds of mobile access networks based on telecom air interfaces (GSM(+), PDC, W-CDMA,CDMA(2000), etc.) that facilitate well over one billion subscribers throughout the world. These digital communication systems and other global networks, like Internet, are designed in a cooperative manner by a Global Designer, an organization (such as ISO, OMA, ITU, ANSI, etc) that is responsible for certain technical area or geographic region. The companies and other actors participating in the work are often competing and cooperating simultaneously. The technical solutions agreed upon by a GD are results of a political process were the power constellation is more important than technically optimal solutions. The component systems of a cooperative global system exhibit usually various aspects of autonomy, such as design, execution, and communication autonomy, the latter being especially typical of mobile terminals. In the global environment there seem to be four relatively independent spheres of concerns that have their own development laws, Regulatory Frameworks (laws, standards, recommendations+ the organizations issuing them), Business Models (strategies, BMs of various actors), Global Infrastructure (the wireless and wireline networks, terminals and mobile applications deployed at a certain point of time in the world), and Enabling Technologies (those being developed in the laboratories, but not yet deployed). The dynamics of the spheres is of outmost importance for understanding the future trends. Perhaps the most startling effects will come from the convergence of already existing networking technologies. What are the barriers for the advances in mobile applications and what are eh disruptive technologies that might challenge the telecom technology and operators

Authentication for mobile computing

Host mobility is becoming an increasingly important feature with the recent arrival of laptop and palmtop computers, the development of wireless network interfaces and the implementation of global networks. Unfortunately, this mobile environment is also much more vulnerable to penetration by intruders. A possible means of protection can be authentication. This guarantees the identity of a communication peer. This thesis studies the constraints imposed on the mobile environment with respect to authentication. It compares the two prevailing authentication mechanisms, Kerberos and SPX, and tries to make suggestions of how a mechanism can be adapted to the mobile environment

Cognitively-inspired Agent-based Service Composition for Mobile & Pervasive Computing

Automatic service composition in mobile and pervasive computing faces many challenges due to the complex and highly dynamic nature of the environment. Common approaches consider service composition as a decision problem whose solution is usually addressed from optimization perspectives which are not feasible in practice due to the intractability of the problem, limited computational resources of smart devices, service host's mobility, and time constraints to tailor composition plans. Thus, our main contribution is the development of a cognitively-inspired agent-based service composition model focused on bounded rationality rather than optimality, which allows the system to compensate for limited resources by selectively filtering out continuous streams of data. Our approach exhibits features such as distributedness, modularity, emergent global functionality, and robustness, which endow it with capabilities to perform decentralized service composition by orchestrating manifold service providers and conflicting goals from multiple users. The evaluation of our approach shows promising results when compared against state-of-the-art service composition models.Comment: This paper will appear on AIMS'19 (International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Mobile Services) on June 2

Challenges in Partially-Automated Roadway Feature Mapping Using Mobile Laser Scanning and Vehicle Trajectory Data

Connected vehicle and driver's assistance applications are greatly facilitated by Enhanced Digital Maps (EDMs) that represent roadway features (e.g., lane edges or centerlines, stop bars). Due to the large number of signalized intersections and miles of roadway, manual development of EDMs on a global basis is not feasible. Mobile Terrestrial Laser Scanning (MTLS) is the preferred data acquisition method to provide data for automated EDM development. Such systems provide an MTLS trajectory and a point cloud for the roadway environment. The challenge is to automatically convert these data into an EDM. This article presents a new processing and feature extraction method, experimental demonstration providing SAE-J2735 map messages for eleven example intersections, and a discussion of the results that points out remaining challenges and suggests directions for future research.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure

A Study on Emerging Trends and Challenges in Mobile Cloud Computing

The proficiencies of mobile devices and mobile application continues to improve swiftly in relation to speed, computing power, storage and real world user friendly applications. Survey carried out by the Gartner Company (Famous global analytical consulting company) predicted more users to access the internet from the mobile devices than from the PCs by the year 2013. The outburst of the development in smart phones, applications and cloud computing concept has introduced Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) as a dynamic technology for mobile devices. Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) incorporates cloud computing into the mobile environment and overcome some problems in performance (e.g., battery life, storage), environment (e.g., scalability, availability) and security (reliability and privacy).Since MCC is still at primary stage of development we have to first theoretically understand the technology which would later on help us in the prediction of future research. In this paper, we introduce the background and theory of Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC), the benefits of MCC, challenges faced in MCC and finally some proposed possible future solution

Technologies of Immediacy / Economies of Attention

This chapter contextualizes and expands upon Smythe’s contributions to the critique of capitalist media within an environment increasinglydefined by the rapid global development and adoption of mobile de-vices and ubiquitous wireless connectivity (UC). Specifically it theorizes theevolutionary trajectory of mobile media and wireless connectivity within thecontext of Smythe’s analytic focus on the audience commodity as: a) the organizing principle of commercial media; and b) a central component in the development of “consumption relations” including those “that motivate the population to buy consumer goods” (Smythe 1994, 239–240) necessary toinformational capitalism

New IT Business Models in the "Asian Age" - Multilateral Collaboration and Business Innovation

China, after its implementation of foreign direct investment policy in December 1978, has continued to receive investments from international companies, and this has been one of the primary driving engines behind the Asian business development. Electronics products originating either from U.S.A. or Europe have experienced tremendous industry shifts to the Asian countries such as Japan, Korea, Taiwan and China. This paper examines, from the general perspective, the recent development of the Asian electronics industry and business models focusing on the personal computers and mobile communication products. Based on the analysis of the basic characteristics of the business models developed in Asia, future strategic directions for Japanese firms in the “Asian Age” will be discussed. Due to the interconnected global environment, the competition field has increasingly become leveled out. In the light of the global nature of the playing field, a multilateral collaboration approach will be emphasized and a complementary relationship will be sought.IT Business; "Asian Age"; China; Multilateral Collaboration

Lead Markets: Drivers of the Global Diffusion of Innovations

Multinational corporations are often faced with regionally varying market conditions, local environments and demand preferences. This paper presents the lead markets concept of developing global innovation that takes advantage of the lead market phenomenon. A lead market is a regional market that is first to adopt global innovation designs. A system of five lead factors explains the lead role of a market: a demand advantage, a price advantage, an export advantage, a transfer advantage and a market structure advantage. The system of lead market factors is then evaluated in a detailed case study of the cellular mobile telephone industry. It is suggested that companies can harness lead markets for the development of global innovations. By developing and refining innovations in close interaction with the local environment of a lead market, a company can focus on a narrow range of preferences and feedback, lowering the risk of being locked into idiosyncratic environments, and generate true global innovations.International diffusion of innovation, R&D internationalisation, Market entry strategy

The Sharing Millennials: How differences in sharing behaviors affect mobile app usage among Western and Eastern consumers

Technology enhancements in the retail environment are constantly evolving, and the way consumers engage with retailers through these technological channels are becoming more seamless, most notably through the mobile channel. This study focuses on identifying how consumers currently utilize their mobile phone in retail environments across global markets. The global comparison aspect will allow for the discovery of how different top mobile-friendly societies and retail environments around the world integrate mobile capabilities as part of their retail experience. There is another challenge of understanding the desired mobile capabilities expected or demanded by consumers in local cultures in global markets. The methodology for this study is to design and distribute a survey that focuses on the consumption of mobile apps. The survey contains questions that will identify individualistic and collectivist behaviors, perceived usefulness, ease of use, and security of mobile apps, current social factors influencing mobile usage, and demographic information. The well-established and widely used Technology Readiness & Acceptance (TRA) model is used to help describe the differences in consumer behaviors. Constructs are under development to understand how western culture behaviors and eastern culture behaviors may influence the way in which consumers engage with these channels. The study is still in progress but based on previous academic research and a test survey that was distributed to both Ohio State campus domestic and Asian students, it is hypothesized that eastern culture behaviors will differ from western culture behaviors ultimately affecting their respective mobile app usage in retail settings. The results of this study will help retailers understand the importance of integrating a sound mobile strategy through mobile apps that will continuously engage and satisfy their consumers on a global scale. It will also allow retailers to understand their consumer’s needs in mobile apps and to further enhance brand engagement and loyalty.No embargoAcademic Major: Logistics ManagementAcademic Major: Marketin

Engineering Wireless Mobile Applications

Conventional desktop software applications are usually designed, built, and tested on a platform similar to the one on which they will be deployed and run. Wireless mobile application development, on the other hand, is more challenging because applications are developed on one platform (like UNIX or Windows) and deployed on a totally different platform like a cellular phone. While wireless applications can be much smaller than conventional desktop applications, developers should think in small terms of the devices on which the applications will run and the environment in which they will operate instead of the amount of code to be written. This chapter presents a systematic approach to engineering wireless applications and offers practical guidelines for testing them. What is unique about this approach is that it takes into account the special features of the new medium (mobile devices and wireless networks), the operational environment, and the multiplicity of user backgrounds; all of which pose new challenges to wireless application development. © 2008, IGI Global