Incremental generation of plural descriptions : similarity and partitioning

Approaches to plural reference generation emphasise descriptive brevity, but often lack empirical backing. This paper describes a corpus-based study of plural descriptions, and proposes a psycholinguisticallymotivated algorithm for plural reference generation. The descriptive strategy is based on partitioning and incorporates corpusderived heuristics. An exhaustive evaluation shows that the output closely matches human data.peer-reviewe

Challenges in the specification of full contracts

Partially supported by the Nordunet3 project “COSoDIS”.The complete specification of full contracts - contracts which include tolerated exceptions, and which enable reasoning about the contracts themselves, can be achieved using a combination of temporal and deontic concepts. In this paper we discuss the challenges in combining deontic and other relevant logics, in particular focusing on operators for choice, obligations over sequences, contrary-to-duty obligations, and how internal and external decisions may be incorporated in an action-based language for specifying contracts. We provide different viable interpretations and approaches for the development of such a sound logic and outline challenges for the future.peer-reviewe

Survey on Evaluation Methods for Dialogue Systems

In this paper we survey the methods and concepts developed for the evaluation of dialogue systems. Evaluation is a crucial part during the development process. Often, dialogue systems are evaluated by means of human evaluations and questionnaires. However, this tends to be very cost and time intensive. Thus, much work has been put into finding methods, which allow to reduce the involvement of human labour. In this survey, we present the main concepts and methods. For this, we differentiate between the various classes of dialogue systems (task-oriented dialogue systems, conversational dialogue systems, and question-answering dialogue systems). We cover each class by introducing the main technologies developed for the dialogue systems and then by presenting the evaluation methods regarding this class

Various Analytical Methods on Transmission Price Allocation in a Restructured Environment of Power Systems

In this competitive electricity markets the fixed costs of the transmission line should be allocated fairly because of reasonable pricing of the transmission line method could lead the existing transmission facilities and guiding future expansion and planning of the transmission line network. This paper presents various analytical methods on transmission price allocation. This paper is a literature review conducted from several papers including the different cost allocation methods evaluation of real and reactive power flows and characteristics of every method is analyzed

Methods on Moral Development of Teenagers by Luqman Al-Hakim: Application in Religious School Programs

This paper discusses the methods of adolescent\u27s moral development based on Luqman al-Hakim orders to his son in Surah Luqman verse 12-19. This paper also reveals who is Luqman al-Hakim, and the extent of moral development methods as set forth in verses 12-19 from Surah Luqman applied in religious programme of Islamic boarding schools in the state of Kedah. The study was conducted using a questionnaire that was distributed to 491 students from eleven Islamic boarding schools in Kedah. The results showed that the method of character development by Luqman al-Hakim was adopted and practiced by teachers in the schools\u27 religious programme with an overall mean score of 4.40 which is at a high level

LARVA - safer monitoring of real-time Java programs (tool paper)

The use of runtime verification, as a lightweight approach to guarantee properties of systems, has been increasingly employed on real-life software. In this paper, we present the tool LARVA, for the runtime verification of properties of Java programs, including real-time properties. Properties can be expressed in a number of notations, including timed-automata enriched with stopwatches, Lustre, and a subset of the duration calculus. The tool has been successfully used on a number of case-studies, including an industrial system handling financial transactions. LARVA also performs analysis of real-time properties, to calculate, if possible, an upper-bound on the memory and temporal overheads induced by monitoring. Moreover, through property analysis, LARVA assesses the impact of slowing down the system through monitoring, on the satisfaction of the properties.peer-reviewe