The Telegraphic Life: Maintenance of the System 1850-1914

Hitherto, historians have assumed that after a submarine telegraph cable had been laid, it provided 50 to 70 years of reliable service. As one who has practical experience of engineering in a professional capacity, I found this order of reliability difficult to accept. I therefore set out to try to determine how reliable or otherwise this new technology was and how it was maintained. These questions had not been asked before and proved more difficult to answer than anyone predicted because much of the information was concealed, deliberately or otherwise, by the cable operating companies. However there were key clues such as the number of cable repair ships afloat and multiple textbooks on cable maintenance. Having unearthed useful data from archives of the Eastern Telegraph Company and of the Telegraph Construction and Maintenance Company, I conclude that the submarine telegraph cables during the period from the first experimental attempts in 1850 up until the Great War were not as reliable as assumed. On average a voyage to repair these cables was required once per annum per 500 nautical miles of cable and this remained constant from 1873, when the company was formed, up until 1914, then end of my period of research. During this period the system which was composed of a submarine cable connecting two telegraph stations appeared increasingly reliable and efficient because of improvements in the technology at the cable stations and the duplication of many cables which allowed rerouting of communications when malfunctions occurred. I also conclude that data was concealed by the operating companies for commercial reasons. If this concealment had been less, then the genesis of the discipline of reliability engineering in the 1940s may have been developed 50 years earlier

Inglés técnico naval

El objetivo del presente libro es ofrecer a profesores, alumnos y profesionales en general del mundo de la industria y la navegación, la posibilidad de disponer de un texto de trabajo y consulta sobre el inglés técnico naval. El libro se divide en 21 unidades, que versan cada una de ellas sobre diferentes aspectos relacionados con el buque: materiales y procedimientos usados en su construcción, tipos de buques, partes principales del buque, estabilidad, etc.360 pág

Routledge Handbook of Ocean Resources and Management

This comprehensive handbook provides a global overview of ocean resources and management by focusing on critical issues relating to human development and the marine environment, their interrelationships as expressed through the uses of the sea as a resource, and the regional expression of these themes. The underlying approach is geographical, with prominence given to the biosphere, political arrangements and regional patterns – all considered to be especially crucial to the human understanding required for the use and management of the world's oceans. Part one addresses key themes in our knowledge of relationships between people and the sea on a global scale, including economic and political issues, and understanding and managing marine environments. Part two provides a systematic review of the uses of the sea, grouped into food, ocean space, materials and energy, and the sea as an environmental resource. Part three on the geography of the sea considers management strategies especially related to the state system, and regional management developments in both core economic regions and the developing periphery. Chapter 23 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 3.0 license. https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.4324/9780203115398.ch2

Histories of Technology, the Environment and Modern Britain

Histories of Technology, the Environment and Modern Britain brings together historians with a wide range of interests to take a uniquely wide-lens view of how technology and the environment have been intimately and irreversibly entangled in Britain over the last 300 years. It combines, for the first time, two perspectives with much to say about Britain since the industrial revolution: the history of technology and environmental history. Technologies are modified environments, just as nature is to varying extents engineered. Furthermore, technologies and our living and non-living environment are both predominant material forms of organisation – and self-organisation – that surround and make us. Both have changed over time, in intersecting ways. Technologies discussed in the collection include bulldozers, submarine cables, automobiles, flood barriers, medical devices, museum displays and biotechnologies. Environments investigated include bogs, cities, farms, places of natural beauty and pollution, land and sea. The book explores this diversity but also offers an integrated framework for understanding these intersections

Empire, Modernity and Design: Visual Culture and Cable & Wireless’ Corporate Identities, 1924-1955

During the twentieth century, Cable & Wireless was the world’s biggest and most important telegraphy company, employing large numbers of people in stations across the world. Its network of submarine cables and wireless routes circumnavigated the globe, connecting Britain with the Empire. This thesis examines the ways in which the British Empire and modernity shaped Cable & Wireless’ corporate identity in order to understand the historical geography of the relationships between Empire, state, and modernity. Additionally, it investigates the role of design in the Company’s engagement with the discourses of modernity and imperialism. Historical Geography has not paid sufficient attention to the role of companies, in particular technology companies, as institutions of imperialism and instruments of modernity. The study of businesses within Historical Geography is in its infancy, and this thesis will provide a major contribution to this developing field. This thesis takes an interdisciplinary approach that sits at the intersection of three main disciplines: Historical Geography, Design History and Business History. This thesis examines how Cable & Wireless’ identity was produced, transmitted and consumed. This thesis is based on detailed research in Cable &Wireless’ corporate archive at Porthcurno, examining a wide range of visual and textual sources. This pays particular attention to how the Company designed its corporate identity through maps, posters, ephemera, corporate magazines and exhibitions. Drawing upon the conceptualizations of the Empire as a network, it argues that Cable & Wireless’ identity was networked like its submarine cables with decision-making power, money and identity traversing this network. This thesis seeks to place both the company and the concept of corporate identity within a broader historical and artistic context, tracing the development of both the company’s institutional narrative and the corporate uses of visual technologies. No study has been conducted into the corporate identity and visual culture of Cable & Wireless. This thesis not only provides a new dimension to knowledge and understanding of the historical operations of Cable & Wireless, but also makes a substantive contribution to the wider fields of Historical Geography, Business History, Design History and the study of visual culture.AHRCPorthcurno Telegraph Museu

The Trinity Reporter, Winter 1983

https://digitalrepository.trincoll.edu/reporter/2037/thumbnail.jp

U.S.S. New Ironsides: The Seagoing Ironclad in the Union Navy

Of the ironclads completed by the Union during the Civil War, only the U.S.S. New Ironsides was a seagoing, high-freeboard design. Her seagoing qualities and heavy battery made her uniquely valuable to the Union in combat. Although New Ironsides was highly successful and her high-freeboard design squarely in the European mainstream, she represented the last of her direct line in the U.S. Navy. The lessons learned from her construction and wartime service, which should have provided invaluable instruction for U.S. designers, were not followed up. By failing to develop the seagoing ironclad the United States forfeited the advantages it might have gained over European navies from its extensive combat experience. The Navy was unable to convince Congress that money for ironclads would be well spent, and the U.S. Navy\u27s best opportunity to build a seagoing ironclad fleet was lost for a generation

Afghanistan Ordnance Identification Guide

This guide provides information to facilitate international unexploded ordnance (UXO) awareness and identification. This guide is not intended for use by Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) technicians. Rather, it is designed for other personnel who, of necessity, are trying to identify ordnance in the absence of trained EOD military professionals

Holland City News, Volume 31, Number 33: August 29, 1902

Newspaper published in Holland, Michigan, from 1872-1977, to serve the English-speaking people in Holland, Michigan. Purchased by local Dutch language newspaper, De Grondwet, owner in 1888.https://digitalcommons.hope.edu/hcn_1902/1033/thumbnail.jp