User-centric Demand Side Energy Management Techniques with Mobile Battery Energy Storage System Integration and Socialization Modelling

Smart grids enable two-way communication between power generation and demand sides, allowing efficient operation of the energy system by power generators, grid operators, end users, and market stakeholders. Demand Side Management (DSM) in smart grids helps users adjust their energy usage, providing energy, environmental, and economic benefits. User engagement is crucial for DSM performance, but current DSM designs focus mainly on economic and energy factors, ignoring user participation drivers. Integrating large-scale renewable energy poses challenges in maintaining power system flexibility. Therefore, more user-centric DSM studies are needed, especially with distributed renewable energy. This thesis first proposes a community-level user-centric DSM model for energy trading in a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) market. By considering social factors like social networks and socio-demographic characteristics, user engagement can be greatly improved. The second research introduces a DSM model addressing renewable penetration using Mobile Battery Energy Storage Systems (MBESS) due to their low cost and ease of deployment. MBESS enhances distribution system reliability and integrates distributed energy without causing grid fluctuations. This research designs two comprehensive decision-making frameworks for MBESS service providers to generate MBESS-based energy backup plans for energy users under planned outage events and two decoupled solving approaches are also proposed correspondingly to solve these two problems. The third research focuses on household appliance usage, proposing a local-level DSM model to create intelligent usage plans under real-time electricity pricing. It considers economic factors, user satisfaction, and thermal comfort, formulating a multi-objective problem with a corresponding solving approach. Finally, comprehensive simulations and case studies validate the effectiveness of these DSM models

Applications of the Equations of Motion Method

Part I In Part I several applications of the equations of motion method for c1osed shell around states are discussed. The equations of motion method is used to study the excitation energies and intensities of formaldehyde, water, and CH+. A formalism is developed for studying intraexcited state transition densities, and applications are made to He and N2. This section is composed of three published manuscripts and two manuscripts submitted for publication. In H2CO the calculated excitation energies and oscillator strengths agree well with experiment and suggest explanations for some unusual features recently observed in the optical absorption and electron scattering spectrum in the vacuum ultraviolet. To explain the inelastic feature at 4.5 eV in the spectrum of water and to study its spectrum in some detail, several calculations on the excited states of water using the equations of motion method are made. We conclude that the calculated vertical excitation energy of 6.9 eV for the 3B1 state corresponds to the strong feature at 7.2 eV observed in low-energy electron scattering spectrum. The 4.5 eV inelastic process almost certainly does not correspond to a vertical excitation of water at the ground state geometry. The other excitation energies and oscillator strengths agree well with experiment. The equations of motion method is used to study the X'Σ+ -A'π system in CH+. In a computationally simple scheme, these calculations, which were done in modest sized basis sets, provide transition moments and oscillator strengths that agree with the best CI calculations to date. An approximation for transition moments between excited states consistent with the approximations and assumptions normally used to obtain transition moments between the ground and excited states in the random phase approximation and its higher order approximations is derived . The result is applied to the calculation of the photoionization cross sections of the 23S and 2'S metastable states of helium by a numerical analytical continuation of the frequency dependent polarizability. The procedure completely avoids the need for continuum basis functions. The cross sections agree well with the results of other calculations. We also predict an accurate two-photon decay rate for the 2'S metastable state of helium. The entire procedure is immediately applicable to several problems involving photoionization of metastable states of molecules . We report the transition moments between the excited states of molecular nitrogen including their dependence on internuclear distance. These moments are calculated non-empirically using a many-body approach --the equations of motion method. These results suggest that it may be simpler to calculate these transition moments and their variation with internuclear distance rather than to attempt to extract this information from available experimental intensity data. Part II A straightforward scheme is developed for extending the equations of motion formalism to systems with simple open shell ground states. Equations for open shell random phase approximation (RPA) are given for the cases of one electron outside of a closed shell in a nondegenerate molecular orbital and for the triplet ground state with two electrons outside of a closed shell in degenerate molecular orbitals. Application to other open shells and extension of the open shell EOM to higher orders are both straightforward. Results for the open shell RPA for lithium atom and oxygen molecule are given. Part III A simple method for directly calculating ionization potentials and electron affinities is discussed. Formulas are given through third order in interaction matrix elements and described in detail . Results are presented for the ionization potentials of He, N2, and OH- using several different approximations.</p

Continuously available virtual environments

This thesis presents a framework for continuously available persistent collaborative virtual environments which is fundamentally more flexible than current approaches. Whereas existing systems allow the artefacts in the environment and the application behaviours of those artefacts to be changed at run time, they still need to be shut down if the infrastructure mechanisms of the system need to be changed. The framework presented by this thesis pushes run-time extensibility to a lower level allowing previously static infrastructure mechanisms and application level behaviours to be replaced and extended in a uniform way. By associating infrastructure mechanisms with artefacts in the same way that application behaviours are associated, the framework allows multiple alternative infrastructure mechanisms to coexist within the virtual environment system. Rather than applying a single infrastructure mechanism to all artefacts in a virtual environment, mechanisms can be tailored to an artefact’s role, optimising the operation of each artefact. This allows a wider range of artefact behaviours and so applications to be supported by a single virtual environment. Infrastructure level behaviours may implement a single infrastructure mechanism or multiple mechanisms, allowing the framework to explicitly present the complex interdependencies which can exist between infrastructure mechanisms such as persistence and consistency. In addition to providing greater run-time flexibility for continuously available persistent virtual environments, the framework allows infrastructure mechanisms to be easily developed, compared, tested and configured, making it a useful test bed for the development of future infrastructure mechanisms. After reviewing existing virtual environment systems and related systems, the thesis presents an experiment which reveals some of the problems existing with current approaches to persistence in virtual environments. The thesis then describes the framework discussed above and the issues involved in its realisation before evaluating the current prototype. Finally some conclusions are presented and future work discussed

A Predictive Fuzzy-Neural Autopilot for the Guidance of Small Motorised Marine Craft

This thesis investigates the design and evaluation of a control system, that is able to adapt quickly to changes in environment and steering characteristics. This type of controller is particularly suited for applications with wide-ranging working conditions such as those experienced by small motorised craft. A small motorised craft is assumed to be highly agile and prone to disturbances, being thrown off-course very easily when travelling at high speed 'but rather heavy and sluggish at low speeds. Unlike large vessels, the steering characteristics of the craft will change tremendously with a change in forward speed. Any new design of autopilot needs to be to compensate for these changes in dynamic characteristics to maintain near optimal levels of performance. This study identities the problems that need to be overcome and the variables involved. A self-organising fuzzy logic controller is developed and tested in simulation. This type of controller learns on-line but has certain performance limitations. The major original contribution of this research investigation is the development of an improved self-adaptive and predictive control concept, the Predictive Self-organising Fuzzy Logic Controller (PSoFLC). The novel feature of the control algorithm is that is uses a neural network as a predictive simulator of the boat's future response and this network is then incorporated into the control loop to improve the course changing, as well as course keeping capabilities of the autopilot investigated. The autopilot is tested in simulation to validate the working principle of the concept and to demonstrate the self-tuning of the control parameters. Further work is required to establish the suitability of the proposed novel concept to other control

Continuously available virtual environments

This thesis presents a framework for continuously available persistent collaborative virtual environments which is fundamentally more flexible than current approaches. Whereas existing systems allow the artefacts in the environment and the application behaviours of those artefacts to be changed at run time, they still need to be shut down if the infrastructure mechanisms of the system need to be changed. The framework presented by this thesis pushes run-time extensibility to a lower level allowing previously static infrastructure mechanisms and application level behaviours to be replaced and extended in a uniform way. By associating infrastructure mechanisms with artefacts in the same way that application behaviours are associated, the framework allows multiple alternative infrastructure mechanisms to coexist within the virtual environment system. Rather than applying a single infrastructure mechanism to all artefacts in a virtual environment, mechanisms can be tailored to an artefact’s role, optimising the operation of each artefact. This allows a wider range of artefact behaviours and so applications to be supported by a single virtual environment. Infrastructure level behaviours may implement a single infrastructure mechanism or multiple mechanisms, allowing the framework to explicitly present the complex interdependencies which can exist between infrastructure mechanisms such as persistence and consistency. In addition to providing greater run-time flexibility for continuously available persistent virtual environments, the framework allows infrastructure mechanisms to be easily developed, compared, tested and configured, making it a useful test bed for the development of future infrastructure mechanisms. After reviewing existing virtual environment systems and related systems, the thesis presents an experiment which reveals some of the problems existing with current approaches to persistence in virtual environments. The thesis then describes the framework discussed above and the issues involved in its realisation before evaluating the current prototype. Finally some conclusions are presented and future work discussed

1978-1979 Louisiana Tech University Catalog

The Louisiana Tech University Catalog includes announcements and course descriptions for courses offered at Louisiana Tech University for the academic year of 1978-1979.https://digitalcommons.latech.edu/university-catalogs/1036/thumbnail.jp

Annual reports of the selectmen, tax collector, town clerk, trustees of the cemetery, trustees of the public library, trustees of the trust funds and treasurer for the year ending December 31, 2012, board of education and school treasurer for the year ending June 30, 2012, together with the vital statistics of the town of East Kingston, New Hampshire 2012.

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire

Agricultural land evaluation: the adaptation of the land evaluation and site assessment system to the microcomputer

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1985 S642Master of Landscape Architectur

Climate Change and Copepod Size Distribution: Comparison of Two Coastal Long-Term Series in the Western Mediterranean Sea

This thesis was aimed at investigating long-term dynamics of zooplankton communities in relation to climate change. It represents a pioneer study in comparing Mediterranean time series with a standardised methodology, i.e., the ZooScan, a digital imaging system for counting and sizing mesozooplankton from preserved samples. This study has proven that copepod size spectra (i.e., histogram of organisms arranged by size classes) obtained with the ZooScan is a powerful synthetic index to monitor changes in the pelagic system. Copepod abundance and size spectra were analyzed in the zooplankton time series conducted at stn MC (Gulf of Naples, Tyrrhenian Sea) and Point B (Villefranche Bay, Ligurian Sea) for the years 1986-2005 and 1974-2003, respectively. In both time series, the proportion of large individuals in the copepod community increased over the years, with a shift in the early 1990s at stn MC and in 1987 at Point B. In both cases, the 1990s copepod reproduction might have decreased due to earlier and stronger stratification driven by rising temperature. At stn MC, the shift to dominance of small phytoplankton cells in the 1990s seemed to be the direct cause. At Point B, in addition to the detrimental effect of earlier stratification in the 1990s, the 1980s seemed to be very productive due to strong winter convection driven by cool salty winters. High salinity was related to low winter atmospheric pressure linked to the North Atlantic Oscillation (+ winter NAO). In both locations, the frequency of occurrence of typical offshore species increased over the years, suggesting changes in coastal-offshore interactions. Mechanisms controlling the copepod communities in both sites seem to be different. Stn MC has a more coastal character than Point B and thus the former is more affected by local conditions as terrestrial nutrient inputs. At Point B, stratification-destratification dynamics seem to control production