Supply Chain Risk Management of Bread Industry (Case Study in Ohayo Bakery)

Ohayo Bakery is a company that focusing in the producing and also distributing sandwich bread in West Sumatra. The suply chain process of this company starts from suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, retailers (stores and supermarkets in Padang) and end consumers. This process run by Ohayo Bakery has many possible risks, which may disrupt the company's activities and affect the company's profits. According to the results of observations and interviews with the company, the company’s current problems are delays and shortages of bread raw materials, poor packaging quality, sometimes poor quality yeast raw materials, daily production activities, delays, etc. Provide consumers with bread products. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research in Ohayo Bakery, the purpose is to find and avoid some risks that may arise in company’s supply chain process at Ohayo Bakery. The risk information from each supply chain actor in the company's supply chain activities is obtained through a questionnaire instrument in this study. The Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) method was employed in the creation of the questionnaire. Activity mapping, risk identification, risk analysis, risk evaluation, and risk response are all part of the risk management framework in this study. The Supply Chain Operation Reference (SCOR) development approach is used to carry out the risk identification activities. The House of Risk (HOR) technique was then used to process the questionnaire results. Based on the Severity, Occurrence, and Correlation values, the Aggregate Risk Potential (ARP) is calculated in the risk analysis activity. The researcher offers therapeutic activities for the hazards that were discovered in the previous step based on the risks derived from the ARP calculation. The study's findings revealed that 39 risk activities were identified from 39 identified chance assets. According to the ARP's rating utilizing the Pareto curve, there are 20 risks that need to be presented for immediate preventive action. The researcher offers 27 preventive activities, 13 of which are relatively powerful and less difficult for businesses to implement. Keywords: Aggregate Risk Potential (ARP), House of Risk (HOR), Bakery Industry, Supply Chain Risk Management

Volume 23 - Issue 09 - Friday, October 30, 1987

The Rose Thorn, Rose-Hulman\u27s independent student newspaper.https://scholar.rose-hulman.edu/rosethorn/2345/thumbnail.jp

Occupational pesticide exposure among Kenyan agricultural workers : an epidemiological and public health perspective

This study was part of the Kenyan component of a multi-centre epidemiologic survey, the East African Pesticides Project. The general objective was to assess the health hazards posed by pesticide handling, storage and use in agricultural estates and small farms in selected rural agricultural communities in Kenya where cotton, tobacco, flowers and other horticultural crops are grown, with a view to developing strategies for the prevention and control of pesticide poisoning. 666 agricultural workers, 120 agricultural extension workers and 108 health care workers from Naivasha, Wundanyi, Homabay and Migori comprised the study population. It was found that the 370 formulations registered for use in Kenya by the Pest Products Control Board (PCPB), represented 217 active ingredients. About 22% of the volume imported were highly hazardous, 20%, moderately hazardous, 45% slightly hazardous and the rest, unclassified. Acetylcholinesterase inhibition occurred in agricultural workers ( 390 exposed; 276 unexposed) as a result of exposure to organophosphate and carbamate pesticides. Acetylcholinesterase levels of 29.6% of exposed individuals were depressed to values below 60% of baseline. Workers from Naivasha had the largest inhibition (36%), followed by Homabay (35%), and Wundanyi (33%); workers from Migori had by far, the least inhibition (26%). Empirical modelling techniques were used to identify and quantify factors affecting exposure to cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticides. The models were adequate as they explained 57-70% of the observed variability in acetylcholinesterase. There was no significant difference in personal hygiene practices between areas. Access to a washing and bathing facility had a positive effect while washing hands and bathing was found to be more reactive than proactive. Spraying had a more profound effect on cholinesterase levels than mixing of pesticides. It has also been shown that workers who sprayed less hazardous pesticides had less inhibition than their counterparts who sprayed more toxic pesticides. However, hardly any variability existed in factors such as personal protective devices and hygienic behaviour within areas, thereby limiting the power of the models to detect the effects of these potential factors affecting exposure. The prevalence of symptoms in this population was described in order to relate levels of inhibition to reported symptoms and to evaluate at which inhibition levels symptoms become elevated. The prevalence of symptoms was found to be higher during the high exposure period than during the low exposure period in the exposed subjects. The presence of a relationship between acetylcholinesterase inhibition, acetylcholinesterase level and respiratory, eye and central nervous system symptoms was established. Increased symptom prevalence was observed at acetylcholinesterase levels which are generally considered as non-adverse. The knowledge, perceptious, observed and reported practices were assessed for the population of agricultural workers. Knowledge was found to be low with regard to safe use of pesticides. For instance the most important route of occupational exposure to pesticides. Practices such as storage, mixing and application were found to be generally poor. Personal hygiene practices were good but the use of personal protective devices was low especially among farmers in Homabay and Migori. The knowledge, perceptions and practices of agricultural extension workers was assessed with respect to safe handling of pesticides. About one third of the extension workers did not know the pesticide operations responsible for poisoning. All the extension workers reported that they were involved with advising on the use of pesticides but only 80% gave advise on safe use. About two thirds of the extension workers felt that pesticides poisoning was a minor problem. They emphasized following of instructions, use of personal protective clothing and devices as well as personal hygiene to prevent poisoning. Knowledge, perceptions and practices of health care workers were also assessed with respect to diagnosis, management and prevention of pesticide poisoning. Only about one fifth of the health care workers thought pesticide poisoning was a major problem in the community. Most of the health care workers were able to provide information on the health aspects of pesticides but less than ten percent of this information was directed at the farmers. Diagnosis of poisoning was found to be difficult with only one third of the health care workers reporting that they had seen at least one case of pesticide poisoning in the duration of time that they worked in this agricultural area. Almost all health care workers reported that they would like information and training as well as drugs and antidotes for the management and treatment of poisoning. Lack of knowledge, poor perceptions and practices at all levels as well as the availability and use of the more toxic pesticides were found to be major factors influencing pesticide poisoning. It is necessary to urgently initiate interventions to address the gaps found. The results of this study will facilitate the development of effective multi-faceted strategies for the management, prevention and control of occupational pesticide exposure in Kenya and other developing countries

Spartan Daily, October 27, 2004

Volume 123, Issue 41https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/spartandaily/10045/thumbnail.jp

ACCESS, UTILIZATION AND MANAGEMENT OF WATER RESOURCES OF NAIROBI, NGONG AND MATHARE RIVERS OF NAIROBI CATCHMENT BASIN, KENYA

This study investigated land use activities along Nairobi, Ngong and Mathare rivers, uses of waters from the rivers and their management. The objectives of the study were:To identify and describe land use activities along the valleys of Nairobi, Ngong and Mathare riversTo assess the effects of land use activities along Nairobi, Ngong and Máthare rivers on the quality of water in their river channelsTo establish the uses of Nairobi, Ngong and Mathare rivers to the people along their river valleysTo examine the role of the people along the river valleys and other stakeholders in the implementation of the conservation programs.The study used a combination of primary data collected via questionnaire, questionnaire schedules and observation record sheet and secondary data from libraries. The data collected was analysed by use of frequencies, percentages, cross tabulation, chi-square, factor analysis and SWOT analysis. A questionnaire based survey collected information from 96 respondents.When the 96 respondents were asked whether they were aware of environmental degradation in Nairobi city, 90 (93.7%) respondents answered in the affirmative while 6 (6.3%) in the negative. When asked the aspect of environmental degradation they were aware of, 77 (85.5%) indicated that they were aware of water/river pollution. When the respondents were asked what peopleviused waters of Nairobi rivers for, 51 respondents (5 6.7%) stated that people used the waters fo

Volume 23 - Issue 02 - Friday, September 4, 1987

The Rose Thorn, Rose-Hulman\u27s independent student newspaper.https://scholar.rose-hulman.edu/rosethorn/2338/thumbnail.jp

Tense and Aspect Constructions Among Arabic L1 Learners of English

With English as an increasingly common second language for native Arabic speakers, there is a growing need for scholarly attention to the language transfer patterns among this group of English language learners. This thesis aims to assess commonly recurring errors in one area of language, tense and aspect construction, in order to contribute to the existing literature on tense and aspect production among Arabic learners of English and to analyze whether language transfer can serve as a plausible explanation for these patterns. Drawing on a sample of 93 student essays produced by native Arabic speakers (included in the appendix) and bostered by an analysis of tense-aspect construction in the Arabic language, this research builds on previous studies of commonly occurring errors as well as presents new observations on errors patterns. Significantly, this research found copula deletion to occur before noun phrases, prepositional phrases, and adjective phrases alike. Also, this study documents challenges students faced in correctly forming progressive aspect verbs, as well as speculating about potential causes and remedies for this phenomenon. Furthermore, a preliminary investigation into unnatural tense shifts within and between clauses among this group of students was included. Where possible, descriptions and analyses of these errors have been followed with pedagogical suggestions

1987 Rose News Releases

https://scholar.rose-hulman.edu/rose_news_releases/1040/thumbnail.jp