Traveling waves for some nonlocal 1D Gross-Pitaevskii equations with nonzero conditions at infinity

We consider a nonlocal family of Gross-Pitaevskii equations with nonzero conditions at infinity in dimension one. We provide conditions on the nonlocal interaction such that there is a branch of traveling waves solutions with nonvanishing conditions at infinity. Moreover, we show that the branch is orbitally stable. In this manner, this result generalizes known properties for the contact interaction given by a Dirac delta function. Our proof relies on the minimization of the energy at fixed momentum. As a by-product of our analysis, we provide a simple condition to ensure that the solution to the Cauchy problem is global in time.Comment: 48 pages, 11 figure

Quelques problèmes variationnels issus de la théorie des ondes non-linéaires

Cette thèse porte sur l'étude des solutions spéciales (de type onde progressive et onde stationnaire) pour des équations aux dérivées partielles dispersives non-linéaires dans R^N. Les problèmes considérés ont une structure variationnelle, les solutions sont des points critiques de certaines fonctionnelles. Nous démontrons l'existence des points critiques en utilisant des méthodes de minimisation. Une des principales difficultés vient du manque de compacité. Pour y remédier, on utilise quelques raffinements récents du principe de concentration-compacité de P.-L. Lions. Dans la première partie du mémoire on montre l'existence des solutions d'énergie minimale pour des équations elliptiques quasi-linéaires dans R^N. Nous généralisons les résultats de Brézis et Lieb dans le cas du Laplacien, ainsi que les résultats de Jeanjean et Squassina dans le cas du p-Laplacien. Dans la seconde partie on montre l'existence des ondes progressives subsoniques d'énergie finie pour un système de Gross-Pitaevskii-Schrödinger qui modélise le mouvement d'une impureté non chargée dans un condensat de Bose-Einstein. Les résultats obtenus sont valables en dimension trois et quatre d'espace.This thesis focuses on the study of special solutions (traveling wave and standing wave type) for nonlinear dispersive partial differential equations in R^N. The considered problems have a variational structure, the solutions are critical points of some functionals. We demonstrate the existence of critical points using minimization methods. One of the main difficulties comes from the lack of compactness. To overcome this, we use some recent improvements of P.-L. Lions concentration-compactness principle. In the first part of the dissertation, we show the existence of the least energy solutions to quasi-linear elliptic equations in R^N. We generalize the results of Brézis and Lieb in the case of the Laplacian, and the results of Jeanjean and Squassina in the case of the p-Laplacian. In the second part, we show the existence of subsonic travelling waves of finite energy for a Gross-Pitaevskii-Schrödinger system which models the motion of a non charged impurity in a Bose-Einstein condensate. The obtained results are valid in three and four dimensional space

Traveling waves for some nonlocal 1D Gross-Pitaevskii equations with nonzero conditions at infinity

International audienceWe consider a nonlocal family of Gross-Pitaevskii equations with nonzero conditions at infinity in dimension one. We provide conditions on the nonlocal interaction such that there is a branch of traveling waves solutions with nonvanishing conditions at infinity. Moreover, we show that the branch is orbitally stable. In this manner, this result generalizes known properties for the contact interaction given by a Dirac delta function. Our proof relies on the minimization of the energy at fixed momentum. As a by-product of our analysis, we provide a simple condition to ensure that the solution to the Cauchy problem is global in time

Minimal energy for the traveling waves of the Landau-Lifshitz equation

We consider nontrivial finite energy traveling waves for the Landau-Lifshitz equation with easy-plane anisotropy. Our main result is the existence of a minimal energy for these traveling waves, in dimensions two, three and four. The proof relies on a priori estimates related with the theory of harmonic maps and the connection of the Landau-Lifshitz equation with the kernels appearing in the Gross-Pitaevskii equation.Comment: submitte

Minimizing travelling waves for the one-dimensional nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation with non-zero condition at infinity

This paper deals with the existence of travelling wave solutions for a general one-dimensional nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation. We construct these solutions by minimizing the energy under the constraint of fixed momentum. We also prove that the family of minimizers is stable. Our method is based on recent articles about the orbital stability for the classical and non-local Gross-Pitaevskii equations [3, 10]. It relies on a concentration-compactness theorem, which provides some compactness for the minimizing sequences and thus the convergence (up to a subsequence) towards a travelling wave solution

Exotic traveling waves for a quasilinear Schr\"odinger equation with nonzero background

We study a defocusing quasilinear Schr\"odinger equation with nonzero conditions at infinity in dimension one. This quasilinear model corresponds to a weakly nonlocal approximation of the nonlocal Gross--Pitaevskii equation, and can also be derived by considering the effects of surface tension in superfluids. When the quasilinear term is neglected, the resulting equation is the classical Gross-Pitaevskii equation, which possesses a well-known stable branch of subsonic traveling waves solution, given by dark solitons. Our goal is to investigate how the quasilinear term affects the traveling-waves solutions. We provide a complete classification of finite energy traveling waves of the equation, in terms of the two parameters: the speed and the strength of the quasilinear term. This classification leads to the existence of dark and antidark solitons, as well as more exotic localized solutions like dark cuspons, compactons, and composite waves, even for supersonic speeds. Depending on the parameters, these types of solutions can coexist, showing that finite energy solutions are not unique. Furthermore, we prove that some of these dark solitons can be obtained as minimizers of the energy, at fixed momentum, and that they are orbitally stable

Traveling waves for some nonlocal 1D Gross-Pitaevskii equations with nonzero conditions at infinity

International audienceWe consider a nonlocal family of Gross-Pitaevskii equations with nonzero conditions at infinity in dimension one. We provide conditions on the nonlocal interaction such that there is a branch of traveling waves solutions with nonvanishing conditions at infinity. Moreover, we show that the branch is orbitally stable. In this manner, this result generalizes known properties for the contact interaction given by a Dirac delta function. Our proof relies on the minimization of the energy at fixed momentum. As a by-product of our analysis, we provide a simple condition to ensure that the solution to the Cauchy problem is global in time

Travelling Waves for the Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation with General Nonlinearity in Dimension Two

International audienceWe investigate numerically the two dimensional travelling waves of the Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation for a general nonlinearity and with nonzero condition at infinity. In particular, we are interested in the energy-momentum diagrams. We propose a numerical strategy based on the variational structure of the equation. The key point is to characterize the saddle points of the action as minimizers of another functional, that allows us to use a gradient flow. We combine this approach with a continuation method in speed in order to obtain the full range of velocities. Through various examples, we show that even though the nonlinearity has the same behaviour as the well-known Gross-Pitaevskii nonlinearity, the qualitative properties of the travelling waves may be extremely different. For instance, we observe cusps, a modified (KP-I) asymptotic in the transonic limit, various multiplicity results and ''one dimensional spreading'' phenomena