New paradigm of library collaboration

У дисертацији се разматра пословање библиотека са апсекта растућег утицаја Веб 2.0 технологија и тиме изазваних друштевних промена. Доказује се хипотеза да је неопходно применити нову парадигму сарадње у библиотекама како би се остварили предуслови за ефикасне промене које могу да гарантују успешно пословање библиотеке у будућности. Примена технологија које омогућавају виши ниво сарадње и интерактивност између запослених у библиотеци и различтиих група заинтересованих за пословање библиотеке представља кључан предуслов који треба да омогући библиотекама да ефективно одговоре изазовима глобалног окружења које се брзо мења. Предмет научног истраживања дисертације представљају услови који омогућавају да пословање библиотека буде усклађено са потребама и очекивањима група заинтересованих за њено пословање. Област дисертације конкретизује се кроз тему сарадње у библиотекама. У дисертацији је објашњена потреба за новом парадигмом сарадње у библиотекама која дефинише различите аспекте сарадње у библиотекама. Концепт свеобухватне, нове сарадње у библиотекама дефинисан је у дисертацији као парадигма неопходна за успешно функционисање савремене библиотеке...Dissertation examines operations of a library in the context of growing influence of Web 2.0 technologies and social changes prompted by this. Dissertation is proving the hypothesis that a new paradigm of library collaboration is needed in order to implement conditions for efficient changes that can guarantee successful library operations in the future. Application of technologies that allow for higher levels of collaboration and interactivity between library employees and different stakeholder groups is a key precondition that should allow libraries to effectively answer challenges of fast changing global environment. The subject meter of scientific research behind the dissertation is are conditions that allow for library operations to be lined up with needs and expectations of stakeholder groups. The area of dissertation is concretizing in subject of collaboration in libraries. Dissertation explains the need for new library collaboration paradigm that defines different aspects of collaboration in libraries. The concept of overall, new library collaboration paradigm is defined in the dissertation as a paradigm needed for a successful functioning of contemporary library..

NEW LEARNING PARADIGM THROUGH KURIKULUM MERDEKA IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS

Indonesia has undergone curriculum changes every year, this is done to improve the existing education system in Indonesia. The aim of this research is to look at a new learning paradigm through the Kurikulum Merdeka in elementary schools. In this research, the author uses a type of library research, namely a series of activities related to library data collection methods. Library techniques are a way of collecting data using various materials found in the library such as books, newspapers, magazines, manuscripts, documentation and so on that are relevant to research. Based on the study in this article, it explains that the new educational paradigm requires that teaching staff play a role not only in transferring knowledge to students or simply providing memorization, but also as facilitators, learning designers, mediators, and even as managers in the classroom. The Kurikulum Merdeka is a new paradigm in education that aims to face the challenges of the 21st century. This paradigm emphasizes the development of 21st century skills, such as critical thinking skills, creativity, collaboration, communication, problem solving, and digital literacy. In facing the 21st century, the world is experiencing rapid and complex changes, especially due to technological developments and globalization. The Kurikulum Merdeka paradigm emphasizes the development of adaptive abilities and lifelong learning

Data Practices in Digital History

This paper presents an exploratory research project that investigates data practices in digital history research. Emerging from the 1950s and ‘60s in the United States, digital history remains a charged topic among historians, requiring a new research paradigm that includes new concepts and methodologies, an intensive degree of interdisciplinary, inter-institutional, and international collaboration, and experimental forms of research sharing, publishing, and evaluation. Using mixed methods of interviews and questionnaire, we identified data challenges in digital history research practices from three perspectives: ontology (e.g., the notion of data in historical research); workflow (e.g., data collection, processing, preservation, presentation and sharing); and challenges. Extending from the results, we also provide a critical discussion of the state-of-art in digital history research, particularly in respect of metadata, data sharing, digital history training, collaboration, as well as the transformation of librarians’ roles in digital history projects. We conclude with provisional recommendations of better data practices for participants in digital history, from the perspective of library and information science

The Immersive Media Library @ VCU

Answering the call issued by John Underkoffler in 2010 about the future of UI, I have imagined the Immersive Media Library (IML) as an annex of the main VCU library, offering a concentration of visually immersive spaces to compliment the space the university is already building in the renovated Cabell Library. The design is new in that the emphasis is placed on the collaboration between librarians and visitors in creating new work. Focusing on the interpersonal might be unexpected from program with such an emphasis on new technology - but I see it as vital part of the new computing paradigm

Statistical Analysis of Humanities and Social Sciences Collaboration Research in China

With the development of humanities and social sciences, research collaboration becomes more and more important. This article studies collaboration phenomena of seventeen kinds of journals’ from 1995-2004 in china. According to statistical data, some characteristics are disclosed, and some tested explanations are given. This article makes a comparison of research collaboration between China and other country, and some differences are studied. A lot of differences of research collaboration among humanities sciences, social sciences and natural sciences are also pointed out

Metadata enrichment for digital heritage: users as co-creators

This paper espouses the concept of metadata enrichment through an expert and user-focused approach to metadata creation and management. To this end, it is argued the Web 2.0 paradigm enables users to be proactive metadata creators. As Shirky (2008, p.47) argues Web 2.0’s social tools enable “action by loosely structured groups, operating without managerial direction and outside the profit motive”. Lagoze (2010, p. 37) advises, “the participatory nature of Web 2.0 should not be dismissed as just a popular phenomenon [or fad]”. Carletti (2016) proposes a participatory digital cultural heritage approach where Web 2.0 approaches such as crowdsourcing can be sued to enrich digital cultural objects. It is argued that “heritage crowdsourcing, community-centred projects or other forms of public participation”. On the other hand, the new collaborative approaches of Web 2.0 neither negate nor replace contemporary standards-based metadata approaches. Hence, this paper proposes a mixed metadata approach where user created metadata augments expert-created metadata and vice versa. The metadata creation process no longer remains to be the sole prerogative of the metadata expert. The Web 2.0 collaborative environment would now allow users to participate in both adding and re-using metadata. The case of expert-created (standards-based, top-down) and user-generated metadata (socially-constructed, bottom-up) approach to metadata are complementary rather than mutually-exclusive. The two approaches are often mistakenly considered as dichotomies, albeit incorrectly (Gruber, 2007; Wright, 2007) . This paper espouses the importance of enriching digital information objects with descriptions pertaining the about-ness of information objects. Such richness and diversity of description, it is argued, could chiefly be achieved by involving users in the metadata creation process. This paper presents the importance of the paradigm of metadata enriching and metadata filtering for the cultural heritage domain. Metadata enriching states that a priori metadata that is instantiated and granularly structured by metadata experts is continually enriched through socially-constructed (post-hoc) metadata, whereby users are pro-actively engaged in co-creating metadata. The principle also states that metadata that is enriched is also contextually and semantically linked and openly accessible. In addition, metadata filtering states that metadata resulting from implementing the principle of enriching should be displayed for users in line with their needs and convenience. In both enriching and filtering, users should be considered as prosumers, resulting in what is called collective metadata intelligence

Teaching Construction in the Virtual University: the WINDS project

This paper introduces some of the Information Technology solutions adopted in Web based INtelligent Design Support (WINDS) to support education in A/E/C design. The WINDS project WINDS is an EC-funded project in the 5th Framework, Information Society Technologies programme, Flexible University key action. WINDS is divided into two actions: ·The research technology action is going to implement a learning environment integrating an intelligent tutoring system, a computer instruction management system and a set of co-operative supporting tools. ·The development action is going to build a large knowledge base supporting Architecture and Civil Engineering Design Courses and to experiment a comprehensive Virtual School of Architecture and Engineering Design. During the third year of the project, more than 400 students all over Europe will attend the Virtual School. During the next three years the WINDS project will span a total effort of about 150 man-years from 28 partners of 10 European countries. The missions of the WINDS project are: Advanced Methodologies in Design Education. WINDS drives a breakdown with conventional models in design education, i.e. classroom or distance education. WINDS implements a problem oriented knowledge transfer methodology following Roger Schank's Goal Based Scenario (GBS) pedagogical methodology. GBS encourages the learning of both skills and cases, and fosters creative problem solving. Multidisciplinary Design Education. Design requires creative synthesis and open-end problem definition at the intersection of several disciplines. WINDS experiments a valuable integration of multidisciplinary design knowledge and expertise to produce a high level standard of education. Innovative Representation, Delivery and Access to Construction Education. WINDS delivers individual education customisation by allowing the learner access through the Internet to a wide range of on-line courses and structured learning objects by means of personally tailored learning strategies. WINDS promotes the 3W paradigm: learn What you need, Where you want, When you require. Construction Practice. Construction industry is a repository of ""best practices"" and knowledge that the WINDS will profit. WINDS system benefits the ISO10303 and IFC standards to acquire knowledge of the construction process directly in digital format. On the other hand, WINDS reengineers the knowledge in up-to-date courses, educational services, which the industries can use to provide just-in-time rather than in-advance learning. WINDS IT Solutions The missions of the WINDS project state many challenging requirements both in knowledge and system architecture. Many of the solutions adopted in these fields are innovative; others are evolution of existing technologies. This paper focuses on the integration of this set of state-of-the-art technologies in an advanced and functionally sound Computer Aided Instruction system for A/E/C Design. In particular the paper deals with the following aspects: Standard Learning Technology Architecture The WINDS system relies on the in progress IEEE 1484.1 Learning Technology Standard Architecture. According to this standard the system consists of two data stores, the Knowledge Library and the Record Database, and four process: System Coach, Delivery, Evaluation and the Learner. WINDS implements the Knowledge Library into a three-tier architecture: 1.Learning Objects: ·Learning Units are collections of text and multimedia data. ·Models are represented in either IFC or STEP formats. ·Cases are sets of Learning Units and Models. Cases are noteworthy stories, which describes solutions, integrate technical detail, contain relevant design failures etc. 2.Indexes refer to the process in which the identification of relevant topics in design cases and learning units takes place. Indexing process creates structures of Learning Objects for course management, profile planning procedures and reasoning processes. 3.Courses are taxonomies of either Learning Units or a design task and Course Units. Knowledge Representation WINDS demonstrates that it is possible and valuable to integrate a widespread design expertise so that it can be effectively used to produce a high level standard of education. To this aim WINDS gathers area knowledge, design skills and expertise under the umbrellas of common knowledge representation structures and unambiguous semantics. Cases are one of the most valuable means for the representation of design expertise. A Case is a set of Learning Units and Product Models. Cases are noteworthy stories, which describe solutions, integrate technical details, contain relevant design failures, etc. Knowledge Integration Indexes are a medium among different kind of knowledge: they implement networks for navigation and access to disparate documents: HTML, video, images, CAD and product models (STEP or IFC). Concept indexes link learning topics to learning objects and group them into competencies. Index relationships are the base of the WINDS reasoning processes, and provide the foundation for system coaching functions, which proactively suggest strategies, solutions, examples and avoids students' design deadlock. Knowledge Distribution To support the data stores and the process among the partners in 10 countries efficiently, WINDS implements an object oriented client/server as COM objects. Behind the DCOM components there is the Dynamic Kernel, which dynamically embodies and maintains data stores and process. Components of the Knowledge Library can reside on several servers across the Internet. This provides for distributed transactions, e.g. a change in one Learning Object affects the Knowledge Library spread across several servers in different countries. Learning objects implemented as COM objects can wrap ownership data. Clear and univocal definition of ownerships rights enables Universities, in collaboration with telecommunication and publisher companies, to act as "education brokers". Brokerage in education and training is an innovative paradigm to provide just-in-time and personally customised value added learning knowledg

In Search of a New Model: Library Resource Sharing in China - A Comparative Study

This paper reviews the framework of library resource sharing (LRS) in China and examines, from a comparative perspective, cases of recent development, particularly in the 1990s and early 2000s. Highlights include: (1) historical review of LRS in the U.S. and China, particularly in the areas of print union catalogs and union lists, online bibliographic utilities, and interlibrary loan; (2) literature review of Chinese publications, and LRS issues and challenges in China; (3) Analysis of three LRS models to provide a contextual grasp of a paradigm shift taking place in China; and (4) comparative analysis of LRS objectives, structure, and governance, etc., in the U.S. and China. The study also underscores the imperative for building a national digital library system in China to gain a competitive edge in resource sharing and to support the country’s rapid social and economic growth. At this stage of development, the success of China Academic Library & Information System provides a convincing argument for a national digital library system with its methods of governing, financing, and development

Foreword

My final remark is that, as with any new development, it is important on one side to leave space to the free rise of new ideas and methods inside the collaborative paradigm, but is also important to start organising its future. There must be a bold vision and an international group able to push for it (with both researchers and policy makers involved) and to organise some grand challenge that, via a distribution of efforts and exploiting the sharing trend, involves the collaboration of a consistent portion of our community. Could we envision a large "Language Library" as the beginning of a big Genome project for languages, where the community collectively deposits/creates increasingly rich and multi-layered LRs, enabling a deeper understanding of the complex relations between different annotation layers/language phenomena

Libraries in transition: evolving the information ecology of the Learning Commons: a sabbatical report

This sabbatical report studied various models in order to determine best practices for design, implementation and service of Leaning Commons, a library service model which functionally and spatially integrates library services, information technology services, and media services to provide a continuum of services to the user