Emotions in Information Systems Research – A Five Component View

Many scientific viewpoints and research streams occurred over the last decades with the objective to create structure and common understanding on a more abstract level how emotions affect human behavior (e.g. constructivist or appraisal theories). As a consequence, Information Systems (IS) researchers have adopted diverse mixed up theoretical foundations about emotions. This brings the need for a more structured way to study emotions in the IS field. Thus, within this research a five component view on emotions is developed, based on appraisal theories of emotions and the 3-emotions´ nomological network by Gregor et al. (2014). The new view provides better guidance for IS researchers studying the occurrence or effect of human emotions in terms of a better understanding of the emotion concept and an easier transfer of theoretical considerations from psychology to the IS field, especially the adaptation of emotional constructs and their subjective and objective measurement

Neuromarketing as a scale validation tool: Understanding individual differences based on the style of processing scale in affective judgements

This paper revisits a well-cited and widely applied consumer scale, Style of Processing (SOP) (Childers et al., Journal of Consumer Research, 1985, 12, 125), that has been used to investigate individual differences in processing visual versus verbal information in marketing. The scale has advanced knowledge in fields related to marketing communications, product development, psychology, advertising, education and learning theories, shedding light on our understanding of consumer psychology related to persuasion, comprehension, memory, and other consumer cognitive processes involving information. In a research dialog that took place in 2008, a need for further SOP validation was suggested using a neuromarketing approach. We took this call forward and conducted an event-related-potential (ERP) experimental research study using electroencephalogram (EEG) to validate the SOP scale, focusing on differential affective processing between verbalizers and visualizers. We not only demonstrate how neuromarketing tools can be utilized to provide evidence for scale validity, providing advantages over self-reported measures; but more importantly, address issues related to understanding differential fluency effects that exist between visualizers and verbalizers. Behavioral data revealed varying reaction times to emotional stimuli of a pictorial nature. We further identify two ERP components in our data, early left anterior negativity (ELAN) and late negative slow wave (LNSW), that differentiate individual processing fluency in affective versus evaluative-based judgements. Findings confirmed the construct validity of the SOP scale and enhance our understanding of individual differences in emotional processing of pictorial information

A Design Framework and AI System for Affective Destination Image Generation to Influence Tourists’ Emotional Response

Affective destination images have received considerable attention from tourism marketing researchers as evidence suggests that affective components in destination images affect tourists’ emotional responses, which in turn influence their behavioural intentions toward the destination. Therefore, tourism practitioners seek solutions to influence the emotional effects of affective destination images for B2C communication. This paper presents a design science research project to develop an AI system to assist practitioners in generating affective destination images that potentially trigger the desired emotional responses of tourists. By leveraging knowledge and techniques from NeuroIS, this paper also proposes a framework of scientific experiments to assess how the generated affective destination images by the AI system affect tourists’ emotional experiences

Thinking about assessment: Further evidence of the validity of the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition as a measure of mentalistic abilities

The present study aimed to evaluate the nomological network validity of the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition (MASC) in its Italian translation, addressing distinct research questions in three independent samples of Italian participants comprising adolescent nonclinical participants (N = 393), adult nonclinical participants (N = 193), and adult outpatients with a Personality Disorder (PD) diagnosis who sought psychotherapy treatment (N = 59). In all three samples the MASC proved to be a reliable measure of mentalizing ability, with Cronbach’s α values ranging from .70 to .78. In both nonclinical adolescents and nonclinical adults, the MASC scores correlated significantly and meaningfully with the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test scores. In nonclinical adults, the MASC scores showed significant (albeit modest) correlations with self-reported measures of attachment styles. Finally, in adult outpatients, the MASC “no ToM” scores, that are specific errors that indicating non mentalistic responses, correlated significantly with interview-based measures (Spearman r = .41, p < .01) and self-reported measures (Spearman r = .37, p < .01) of borderline personality disorder (BPD), as well as with measures of emotion dysregulation, (Spearman r = .37, p <.01). As a whole, these findings highlight the validity of the MASC as a measure of mentalization and are consistent with Fonagy and colleagues’ (i.e., Bateman & Fonagy, 2004b; Fonagy, 1991) model of mentalization and its role in personality pathology

The Dark Side of Leadership: Does Boldness Predict Successful Interpersonal Behaviors?

“Successful psychopaths“ display psychopatic personality traits (i.e. lying, manipulating) in businness environments but do not display deviant lifestyles. The Triarchic Psychopathy Model proposed that psychopathy encompasses three phenotypic constructs: boldness, meanness and disinhibition. In line with theoretical assumptions, boldness is adaptive component of psychopathy and can therefore be useful for identifying “successful“ expressions of psychopathy. The aim of this research was to investigate whether boldness added incrementally in predicting emotional intelligence. Data was collected on 495 students (252 male) using the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure (TriPM, Patrick, 2010), and Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS, Wong et al., 2002). Hierarchical regression analysis showed that boldness did add incrementally to meanness and disinhibition in accounting for variance in total WLEIS score (12%), Self-emotional appraisal (5%), Others\u27 emotional appraisal (2%), Use of emotion (14%) and Regulation of emotion (6%). Results of this study indicate that boldness has adaptive potential and represent a helpful factor for successful interpersonal behaviors such as EI. This work is licensed under a&nbsp;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</p

The Dark Side of Leadership: Does Boldness Predict Successful Interpersonal Behaviors?

“Successful psychopaths“ display psychopatic personality traits (i.e. lying, manipulating) in businness environments but do not display deviant lifestyles. The Triarchic Psychopathy Model proposed that psychopathy encompasses three phenotypic constructs: boldness, meanness and disinhibition. In line with theoretical assumptions, boldness is adaptive component of psychopathy and can therefore be useful for identifying “successful“ expressions of psychopathy. The aim of this research was to investigate whether boldness added incrementally in predicting emotional intelligence. Data was collected on 495 students (252 male) using the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure (TriPM, Patrick, 2010), and Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS, Wong et al., 2002). Hierarchical regression analysis showed that boldness did add incrementally to meanness and disinhibition in accounting for variance in total WLEIS score (12%), Self-emotional appraisal (5%), Others\u27 emotional appraisal (2%), Use of emotion (14%) and Regulation of emotion (6%). Results of this study indicate that boldness has adaptive potential and represent a helpful factor for successful interpersonal behaviors such as EI. This work is licensed under a&nbsp;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</p

Spontaneous thought and vulnerability to mood disorders : the dark side of the wandering mind

There is increasing interest in spontaneous thought, namely task-unrelated or rest-related mental activity. Spontaneous thought is an umbrella term for processes like mind-wandering, involuntary autobiographical memory, and daydreaming, with evidence elucidating adaptive and maladaptive consequences. In this theoretical framework, we propose that, apart from its positive functions, spontaneous thought is a precursor for cognitive vulnerability in individuals who are at risk for mood disorders. It is important that spontaneous thought mostly focuses on unattained goals and evaluates the discrepancy between current and desired status. In individuals who stably (i.e., trait negative affectivity) or transitorily (i.e., stress) experience negative emotions in reaction to goal-discrepancy, spontaneous thought fosters major cognitive vulnerabilities (e.g., rumination, hopelessness, low self-esteem, and cognitive reactivity), which, in turn, enhance depression. Furthermore, we also highlight preliminary links between spontaneous thought and bipolar disorder. The evidence for this framework is reviewed, and we discuss theoretical and clinical implications of our proposal

Exploring The Relationships Among Dark Personality And Basic Affective Traits

This study aimed to explore the associations between a broad range of dark personality and affective traits with the intention of further developing the affective properties of dark personality. Seeing as most studies have focused on unitary trait measures of dark personality or higher order feelings, there was room for improvement in developing their affective nomological network. Specifically, the study examined relationships among psychopathy, narcissism, Machiavellianism, sadism, and spite in conjunction with basic affective traits derived from the affective neuroscience personality scales (Davis &amp; Panksepp, 2011). An evolutionary perspective was used to develop clarity for the emotional language present and as a general starting point for emotional understanding. The methodology consisted entirely of self-report typical in personality research. Controlling for sex differences, correlations between the dark personality traits and affective traits showed that angry and caring feelings were most consistently associated with dark personality. Overall, this advanced the literature by giving a detailed account of how a broad range of basic feelings are related to socially aversive temperaments